Black-pencilled marmosets are considered highly valuable and exotic pets. They are also used often in zoo exhibits as well as many different types of scientific studies.
Positive Impacts: pet trade ; research and education
There are no known adverse affects of black-pencilled marmosets on humans.
Black-pencilled marmosets have no special status with the IUCN Red List or the Unites States Endangered Species Act List. They are listed in Appendix II of CITES and are not currently considered an endangered or threatened species.
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: appendix ii
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern
The communication of black-pencilled marmosets has not been fully studied, however, it is believed that they communicate mostly through vocalizations. They appear to have predator-specific cries when they are threatened and have many vocalizations in addition to predator warnings. Black-pencilled marmosets also use scent marking, though it is unclear whether this is a form of communication, as many different family groups simply ignore the markings that another family group has left.
Communication Channels: acoustic ; chemical
Other Communication Modes: scent marks
Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
Black-pencilled marmosets are mutualists with many tree species, dispersing seeds of the fruit that they consume. They also act as parasites of other species of trees because they create sores in the trees in order to extract sap, while not positively affecting the tree in any way. They also serve as a source of prey for many larger animal species that reside in the forests, including large birds of prey, snakes, and wild cats.
Ecosystem Impact: disperses seeds
Species Used as Host:
Mutualist Species:
Black-pencilled marmosets commonly feed on tree sap. During food shortages or droughts their diet also includes fruit and insects, and they have even been known to eat various arthropods, molluscs, and small vertebrates.
Animal Foods: insects; terrestrial non-insect arthropods; mollusks
Plant Foods: fruit; sap or other plant fluids
Primary Diet: herbivore (Eats sap or other plant foods)
Black-pencilled marmosets are found in the Neo-tropical gallery forests of the Brazilian Central Plateau. They live along the Brazillian coast ranging from Bahia to Sao Paulo, and as far inland as Goias, between 14 and 17 degrees S.
Biogeographic Regions: neotropical (Native )
Black-pencilled marmosets live in rainforests, usually residing high in the trees, under the canopy. Marmosets have rarely been observed at or near ground level.
Habitat Regions: tropical ; terrestrial
Terrestrial Biomes: rainforest
The life-span of a wild black-pencilled marmoset is unknown, however the average lifespan in captivity is 15 years.
Average lifespan
Status: captivity: 15 years.
Average lifespan
Status: captivity: 15.4 years.
Black-pencilled marmosets typically have some sparse white hairs on their faces, with a dark brown or black head. Their upper body and limbs are gray and their rump is usually black. The marmosets' undersides are black with a gray abdomen. Their tail is ringed with black and white and is not prehensile, but is used for balance. They are characterized by the black tufts around their ears. Black-pencilled marmosets do not have an opposable thumb and their nails tend to have a claw-like appearance.
Average mass: 454 g.
Range length: 22.86 to 27.94 cm.
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; heterothermic ; homoiothermic; bilateral symmetry
Sexual Dimorphism: male larger
Average mass: 307 g.
Black-pencilled marmosets are vulnerable to a wide range of both terrestrial and aerial predators. Aerial predators, large raptors, are considered the marmosets greatest threat, but they are also preyed upon by a variety of snakes and wild cats. Black-pencilled marmosets use a series of predator-specific vocalizations as well as visual scanning in their antipredation strategies.
Known Predators:
Black-pencilled marmosets are monogamous and typically live in family groups which include the reproducing couple and their offspring.
Mating System: monogamous
Black-pencilled marmosets breed twice a year and produce between 1 and 4 offspring, however they generally have twins. The gestation period is 150 days and offspring wean at about 8 weeks. The marmosets reach sexual maturity at approximately 18 months old. However, they typically mate very late.
Breeding interval: Black-pencilled marmosets usually breed twice a year
Range number of offspring: 1 to 4.
Average number of offspring: 2, twins.
Average gestation period: 150 days.
Average weaning age: 8 weeks.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 13 to 20 months.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (female): 18 months.
Range age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 13 to 20 months.
Average age at sexual or reproductive maturity (male): 18 months.
Key Reproductive Features: seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization ; viviparous
Average number of offspring: 2.
There is considerable parental investment by both parents; infants are extremely dependent on their parents. The offspring are raised with the aid of other juvenile siblings. Offspring are weaned at 8 weeks and then taught to search for food.
Parental Investment: pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Male, Female, Protecting: Male, Female); pre-independence (Provisioning: Male, Female, Protecting: Male, Female); post-independence association with parents; extended period of juvenile learning; inherits maternal/paternal territory
Callithrix penicillata[1] a zo ur spesad primated eus kerentiad ar Cebidae.
Bevañ a ra al loen diwar amprevaned ha frouezh, ha dreist-holl diwar ar gom a ver diouzh rusk gwez 'zo.
Bevañ a ra e kreiz-reter Brazil, en un takad hag a ya eus Bahia da bParaná ha betek Goiás zoken.
Renket eo en isgenad Callithrix (Callithrix).
a vo kavet e Wikimedia Commons.
Callithrix penicillata és una espècie de primat de la família dels cal·litríquids que viu al Brasil (des de l'estat de Bahia fins al de Paraná).
Callithrix penicillata és una espècie de primat de la família dels cal·litríquids que viu al Brasil (des de l'estat de Bahia fins al de Paraná).
Der Schwarzbüschelaffe (Callithrix penicillata), auch Schwarzpinselaffe oder jeweils -äffchen genannt, ist eine Primatenart aus der Familie der Krallenaffen.
Schwarzbüschelaffen sind wie alle Krallenaffen relativ klein, sie erreichen eine Kopfrumpflänge von 19 bis 22 Zentimeter und ein Gewicht von bis zu 350 Gramm. Ihr Fell ist am Rücken und an den Gliedmaßen grau gefärbt, der Bauch und der Kopf sind schwarz. Der Schwanz ist grau-weiß gestreift. Das Gesicht ist mit weißen Haaren bedeckt. Sie haben die für Büschelaffen typischen Ohrbüschel, die bei ihnen schwarz gefärbt sind. Die Gliedmaßen sind eher kurz, wie bei allen Krallenaffen befinden sich an den Fingern und Zehen (mit Ausnahme der Großzehe) Krallen statt Nägeln.
Schwarzbüschelaffen sind im mittleren und östlichen Brasilien beheimatet, ihr Verbreitungsgebiet erstreckt sich von Goiás bis Bahia und São Paulo. Sie bewohnen vorwiegend die Trockenwälder des Cerrado und sind häufig entlang von Flüssen zu finden.
In einigen brasilianischen Regionen wie Espírito Santo, Paraná und Santa Catarina gibt es eingeführte Populationen.
Schwarzbüschelaffen sind tagaktive Baumbewohner, die sich auf allen vieren und springend durch das Geäst bewegen. Sie leben in Gruppen aus 2 bis 14 Tieren, die Gruppen sind meist um ein fortpflanzungsfähiges Paar organisiert. Die Gruppen bewohnen relativ kleine Reviere von 1,25 bis 4,5 Hektar.
Die Nahrung der Schwarzbüschelaffen besteht zu einem Gutteil aus Baumsäften. Wie alle Marmosetten sind sie dank der spezialisierten Zähne in der Lage, Löcher in die Baumrinde zu nagen, um an diese Nahrungsquelle zu gelangen. Daneben fressen sie auch Früchte, Insekten sowie manchmal kleine Wirbeltiere.
Nach einer rund 150-tägigen Tragzeit bringt das Weibchen den Nachwuchs zur Welt, wie bei allen Krallenaffen überwiegen Zwillingsgeburten. Der Vater und auch die älteren Geschwister beteiligen sich intensiv an der Aufzucht der Jungtiere. Diese werden mit rund zwei Monaten entwöhnt und sind im zweiten Lebensjahr geschlechtsreif.
Schwarzbüschelaffen haben ein relativ großes Verbreitungsgebiet und werden von der IUCN als nicht gefährdet gelistet. Sie sind anpassungsfähig und kommen auch mit teilweise gerodeten Wäldern zurecht. Manchmal werden sie gefangen und zu Heimtieren gemacht.
Der Schwarzbüschelaffe (Callithrix penicillata), auch Schwarzpinselaffe oder jeweils -äffchen genannt, ist eine Primatenart aus der Familie der Krallenaffen.
Кара кулак ойноок (лат. Callithrix penicillata) — ойноок маймылдардын бир түрү.
The black-tufted marmoset (Callithrix penicillata), also known as Mico-estrela in Portuguese, is a species of New World monkey that lives primarily in the Neo-tropical gallery forests of the Brazilian Central Plateau. It ranges from Bahia to Paraná,[3] and as far inland as Goiás, between 14 and 25 degrees south of the equator, and can commonly be seen in the City of Rio de Janeiro where it was introduced. This marmoset typically resides in rainforests, living an arboreal life high in the trees, but below the canopy. They are only rarely spotted near the ground.
The black-tufted marmoset is characterized by black tufts of hair around their ears. It typically has some sparse white hairs on its face. It usually has a brown or black head and its limbs and upper body are gray, as well as its abdomen, while its rump and underside are usually black. Its tail is ringed with black and white and is not prehensile, but is used for balance. It does not have an opposable thumb and its nails tend to have a claw-like appearance. The black-tufted marmoset reaches a size of 7.48 to 8.7 inches (19.0 to 22.1 centimetres) and weighs up to 12.35 oz (350 g).
Diurnal and arboreal, the black-tufted marmoset has a lifestyle very similar to other marmosets. It typically lives in family groups of 2 to 14. The groups usually consist of a reproductive couple and their offspring. Twins are very common among this species and the males, as well as juvenile offspring, often assist the female in the raising of the young.
Though the black-tufted marmoset lives in small family groups, it is believed that they share their food source, sap trees, with other marmoset groups. Scent marking does occur within these groups, but it is believed that the marking is to deter other species rather than other black-tufted marmoset groups, because other groups typically ignore these markings. They also appear to be migratory, often moving in relation to the wet or dry seasons, however, the extent of their migration is unknown.
Though communication between black-tufted marmosets has not been studied thoroughly, it is believed that it communicates through vocalizations. It has known predator-specific cries and appears to vocalize frequently outside of predator cries.
The black-tufted marmoset diet consists primarily of tree sap which it gets by nibbling the bark with its long lower incisors. In periods of drought, it will also include fruit and insects in its diet. In periods of serious drought it has also been known to eat small arthropods, molluscs, bird eggs, baby birds and small vertebrates.
Large birds of prey are the greatest threat to the black-tufted marmoset, however, snakes and wild cats also pose a danger to them. Predator-specific vocalizations and visual scanning are its only anti-predation techniques.
The black-tufted marmoset is monogamous and lives in family groups. It reproduces twice a year, producing 1 to 4 offspring, though most often just twins. Its gestation period is 150 days and offspring are weaned after 8 weeks. There is considerable parental investment by this species, with both parents, as well as older juveniles, helping to raise the young. The offspring are extremely dependent on their parents and though they are sexually mature at 18 months, they typically do not mate until much later, staying with their family group until they do.
The black-tufted marmoset is a mutualist with many species of fruit trees because it distributes the seeds from the fruit it consumes throughout the forests. However, it is a parasite on other species of trees because it creates sores in trees in order to extract sap, while offering no apparent benefit to the trees. Though this marmoset is not a main food source to any specific species, it is a food source to a number of different species, specifically large birds of prey, wild cats, and snakes.
The black-tufted marmoset is listed as having no special status on the IUCN Red List or the United States Endangered Species Act List. It is listed in Appendix II of CITES and is not currently considered an endangered or threatened species. In Rio de Janeiro State, where it was introduced alongside the common marmoset, it is considered as an invasive species posing a danger to the survival of the endangered golden lion tamarin through competition. Management of the species in its invaded habitat has included proposals for sterilization of reproductive-age individuals, relocation, and public awareness campaign for prevention of further releases.[4]
The black-tufted marmoset (Callithrix penicillata), also known as Mico-estrela in Portuguese, is a species of New World monkey that lives primarily in the Neo-tropical gallery forests of the Brazilian Central Plateau. It ranges from Bahia to Paraná, and as far inland as Goiás, between 14 and 25 degrees south of the equator, and can commonly be seen in the City of Rio de Janeiro where it was introduced. This marmoset typically resides in rainforests, living an arboreal life high in the trees, but below the canopy. They are only rarely spotted near the ground.
El tití de pincel negro o tití-de-mechas-pretas, (Callithrix penicillata) popularmente conocido como mico-estrella, es una especie de primate platirrino de la familia Callitrichidae.[2][3] Habita en las sabanas (cerrado), en los bosques semideciduos estacionales, bosques secundarios y bosques en galería de la región Centro-Oeste de Brasil.
Especies de tamarinos, como o Callithrix penicillata, son comúnmente capturadas y vendidas como mascotas. El tráfico de animales silvestres es un delito previsto en la Ley de Delitos Ambientales brasileña e incurre en prisión de tres meses a un año en función de los daños a los animales.
Tities.
Un titi en un zoo.
Un titi en un zoologico de Brasil.
El tití de pincel negro o tití-de-mechas-pretas, (Callithrix penicillata) popularmente conocido como mico-estrella, es una especie de primate platirrino de la familia Callitrichidae. Habita en las sabanas (cerrado), en los bosques semideciduos estacionales, bosques secundarios y bosques en galería de la región Centro-Oeste de Brasil.
Especies de tamarinos, como o Callithrix penicillata, son comúnmente capturadas y vendidas como mascotas. El tráfico de animales silvestres es un delito previsto en la Ley de Delitos Ambientales brasileña e incurre en prisión de tres meses a un año en función de los daños a los animales.
Callithrix penicillata Callithrix generoko animalia da. Primateen barruko Callitrichinae azpifamilia eta Cebidae familian sailkatuta dago
Callithrix penicillata Callithrix generoko animalia da. Primateen barruko Callitrichinae azpifamilia eta Cebidae familian sailkatuta dago
Ouistiti à pinceaux noirs, Ouistiti pénicillé
L'Ouistiti à pinceaux noirs[1] ou Ouistiti pénicillé[2] (Callithrix penicillata) est une espèce de primate de la famille des Callitrichidae.
Sa robe est brune mouchetée de gris. Son dos et sa queue sont rayés de noir et de gris. Ses pattes arrière sont grises chamoisées. Il a la tête sombre avec des poils plus clairs autour de la face et parfois une « étoile » blanche au front. Il a aussi de long pinceau de poils noirs à l’oreille (4,5 cm).
Il mesure de 20 à 23 cm. Sa queue, quant à elle, mesure de 29 à 33 cm. Il pèse entre 225 g pour les mâles et 182 g pour les femelles.
Sa zone de distribution est vaste. Il se trouve notamment dans la région centre-est du Brésil, notamment les États du Minas Gerais et du Goiás. Il est aussi présent dans les États de São Paulo (nord), Rio de Janeiro, Bahia (pas la côte), Goiás, Piauí (extrême sud-ouest) et Maranhão (nord-est, sur la côte). On le rencontre à l’ouest jusqu’au Rio Araguaia, à l’est jusqu’au Rio Jequitinhonha, au nord-ouest jusqu’au bas Rio Tocantins, au nord jusqu’aux côtes du Maranhão central, au sud jusqu’au Rio Tietê (22°S environ).
Il vit dans la forêt tropicale humide de la Mata Atlântica, dans les forêts primaires et secondaires, même dégradées. On le rencontre aussi dans les plantations de cacao.
Il partage parfois son environnement avec le Ouistiti du Nordeste et le Hurleur noir (Alouatta caraya). On le trouve parfois avec le Petit singe-lion à tête dorée (Leontopithecus chrysomelas).
Il est gommivore-frugivore-insectivore. La recherche d’exsudats représente environ 70 % de son temps d’alimentation, dans le cerradão. Les fruits n’entrent que pour 30 % de son régime et il consomme aussi des bulbes d’orchidée (Cyrtopodium sp.), quelques arthropodes (araignées, criquets, lantes, isoptères, larves diverses) et des œufs d’oiseau. Dans l’APA de Gama/Cabeca-de-Veado (Distrito Federal), quelques essences lui procurent son content de gomme, notamment les pau-terra (Quarea grandiflora, Q. parviflora et Q. multiflora), les pau-de-tucano [autrement dit les arbres-du-toucan, ainsi nommés car leurs fleurs ressemblent au bec ouvert d’un toucan] notamment Vochysia rufa, V. elliptica et V. thyrsoidea, ainsi que l’araliacée Schefflera macrocarpum. Ici, il consomme aussi les fruits de Miconia ferruginata, Miconia albicans, jamelão (Syzygium jambolana), Brosimum gaudichaudii, Alibertia concolor et pomba (Erythroxylum exaltatum), ainsi que le nectar de Caryocar brasiliense et Styrax ferrugineus.
Dans les forêts-galeries en bordure de la caatinga, ce primate consomme beaucoup la résine du pau pombo (Tapirira guianensis), un arbre très répandu en Amérique du Sud, en partie du fait de l’homme.
Dans le PE de Fernão Dias (Minas Gerais), d’après Tadeu Artur de Melo Jr, il suit deux espèces de fourmis légionnaires (Eciton burchelli et Labidus praedator) : celles-ci avancent en colonne, effrayant notamment sur leur passage moult arthropodes (criquets, sauterelles, araignées, blattes, mites) sur lesquels fondent les primates. En captivité, on a observé des spécimens capturant et dévorant des moineaux égarés dans leur cage.
Le ouistiti à pinceaux noir est diurne. Il vit en groupe social composé de 2 à 14 individus, qui consiste en un couple et leurs enfants[3].
Cette espèce est monogame. Les couples se reproduisent deux fois par an. La gestation est d'environ 150 jours. La femelle donne naissance à 1 à 4 petits (généralement 2). Les deux parents s'occupent de leurs enfants[3].
Déforestation. Parvient à survivre dans des îlots forestiers fragmentés ou les forêts-galeries dégradées. Dans la côte du sud Bahia, il est encore fréquent dans cette région de collines vouée aux plantations d’hévéas, palmiers (à huile, pupunha, piassava), cacaoyers, guaraná, héliconia, manioc et autres bananiers, sans oublier le bétail, c’est dire combien l’espèce résiste bien aux activités humaines envahissantes.
Ouistiti à pinceaux noirs, Ouistiti pénicillé
L'Ouistiti à pinceaux noirs ou Ouistiti pénicillé (Callithrix penicillata) est une espèce de primate de la famille des Callitrichidae.
Lo uistitì dai pennacchi neri (Callithrix penicillata E. Géoffroy, 1812) è un primate platirrino della famiglia dei Cebidi.
Vivono nelle foreste a galleria dell'altopiano centrale del Brasile, grossomodo nell'area compresa fra gli stati di Biahia e Paraná[2] e verso l'interno fino allo stato di Goiás.
Misura circa 45 cm di lunghezza, di cui più di metà è occupata dalla coda, per un peso di 450 g.
La testa è bruno scuro o nera, con peli bianchi sparsi qua e là, mentre la fronte è bianca. Il torso, l'addome ed i fianchi sono grigi, mentre il quarto posteriore è solitamente nero, così come la parte ventrale. La coda possiede anelli bianchi su fondo nero: i ciuffi in corrispondenza delle orechcie sono anch'essi neri (da qui il nome comune della specie).
Si tratta di animali diurni ed arboricoli: vivono in gruppi di 2-14 individui, che comprendono una coppia dominante coi figli di differenti parti. Il gruppo definisce un proprio territorio che delimita con secrezioni ghiandolari, anche se la difesa di quest'ultimo è assai blanda e spesso possono essere osservati più gruppi mentre si nutrono su un unico albero.
I vari esemplari comunicano tramite tutta una serie di vocalizzazioni anche ultrasoniche, quindi non udibili all'orecchio umano.
Caso raro fra i primati, questi animali sembrano presentare comportamenti migratori sincronizzati con le stagioni secca ed umida: mancando studi accurati sul campo in proposito, non si conosce la durata né la direzione di tali migrazioni.
Questi animali sono perlopiù resinivori: oltre alla linfa degli alberi, durante la stagione secca la dieta può comprendere anche insetti ed altri invertebrati e piccoli vertebrati.
Questi animali, come confermato anche da studi su popolazioni selvatiche (che hanno smentito invece le credenze sui costumi riproduttivi di altre specie), sono monogami: la coppia dominante è l'unica a potersi riprodurre, anche perché solitamente gli altri componenti del gruppo sono i figli di parti precedenti.
La gestazione dura circa cinque mesi, al termine dei quali vengono dati alla luce solitamente due gemelli. Questi ultimi vengono presi in consegna dall'intero gruppo, che collabora alla loro cura, mentre la madre li accudisce solo durante la poppata. In questo modo, essi vengono svezzati attorno ai due mesi d'età e diventano del tutto autosufficienti dopo l'anno: la maturità sessuale viene raggiunta attorno all'anno e mezzo d'età, anche se questi animali sono soliti accoppiarsi in età piuttosto avanzata.
La femmina ricomincia il proprio ciclo estrale a una settimana di distanza dal parto: può quindi portare a termine con successo due gravidanze l'anno.
La speranza di vita di questi animali in cattività è di 15 anni.
Lo uistitì dai pennacchi neri (Callithrix penicillata E. Géoffroy, 1812) è un primate platirrino della famiglia dei Cebidi.
Juodakuokštė marmozetė (lot. Callithrix penicillata, angl. Black-tufted Marmoset, vok. Schwarzpinselaffe) – kabiauodegių beždžionių (Cebidae) šeimos primatas. Kūnas 19-22 cm ilgio ir iki 350 g svorio. Pagrindinis maisto racionas – augalų sultys, taip pat minta smulkiais stuburiniais, paukščių kiaušiniais ir vabzdžiais. Nėštumas tęsiasi apie 140 dienų, gimdo 2 jauniklius.
Paplitusi Brazilijos centrinėje dalyje. Gyvena medžiuose grupėmis po 2-9 individus. Vikiteka
Juodakuokštė marmozetė (lot. Callithrix penicillata, angl. Black-tufted Marmoset, vok. Schwarzpinselaffe) – kabiauodegių beždžionių (Cebidae) šeimos primatas. Kūnas 19-22 cm ilgio ir iki 350 g svorio. Pagrindinis maisto racionas – augalų sultys, taip pat minta smulkiais stuburiniais, paukščių kiaušiniais ir vabzdžiais. Nėštumas tęsiasi apie 140 dienų, gimdo 2 jauniklius.
Paplitusi Brazilijos centrinėje dalyje. Gyvena medžiuose grupėmis po 2-9 individus. Vikiteka
Het zwartoorpenseelaapje (Callithrix penicillata) is een klauwaapje, behorende tot het geslacht der de oeistiti's of penseelaapjes (Callithrix). Het zwartoorpenseelaapje leeft in het Atlantisch regenwoud van Brazilië.
Het zwartoorpenseelaapje is te herkennen aan de lange, zwarte haarpluimen, "penselen", rondom het oor, op de slapen en de kruin. Hij heeft een gevlekt grijze vacht, een geringde staart en een zwart gezicht, met een witte vlek op het voorhoofd tussen de ogen.
Het dieet van het zwartoorpenseelaapje bestaat voor een belangrijk deel uit gom en plantensappen. Het heeft vrij grote snijtanden, waarmee het holen kan maken in de bast van bomen. Hierdoor kunnen deze aapjes overleven in bossen waarin weinig andere penseelaapjes daarin slagen. Door het grote aanpassingsvermogen van het zwartoorpenseelaapje komt het voor in bossen waar andere aapjes niet overleven, zoals in galerijbossen, loofverliezende bossen en geïsoleerde bossen, bijvoorbeeld in de cerrado.
Het zwartoorpenseelaapje leeft in de binnenlanden van Oostcentraal-Brazilië, in de staten Goiás, Bahia, Minas Gerais en São Paulo. In de staat Bahia komt de soort samen voor met het gewoon penseelaapje (Calithrix jacchus) en Wieds zwartpluimpenseelaapje (Callithrix kuhli). De drie soorten hybridiseren onderling. Het zwartoorpenseelaapje wordt bejaagd om zijn pels, maar desondanks is het een vrij algemene en wijdverbreide soort.
Het zwartoorpenseelaapje (Callithrix penicillata) is een klauwaapje, behorende tot het geslacht der de oeistiti's of penseelaapjes (Callithrix). Het zwartoorpenseelaapje leeft in het Atlantisch regenwoud van Brazilië.
O sagui-de-tufos-pretos ou mico-estrela (nome científico: Callithrix penicillata),[4] também genericamente designado massau, mico, saguim, sauí, sauim, soim, sonhim, tamari e xauim,[5][6] é uma espécie de macaco do Novo Mundo e gênero calitrix (Callithrix), da família dos calitriquídeos (Callitrichidae). É endêmico do Brasil.
Sagui, sauí, sauim (a partir de sauhim, de 1817), xauim, soim e sonhim derivam do tupi-guarani sa'gwi ou sa'gwĩ.[7] Saguim, por sua vez, originou-se no aportuguesamento histórico do mesmo termo tupi, ou seja, çagoym (de 1511), que depois evoluiu para a forma atual em 1587.[8] Tamari tem provável origem tupi-guarani,[9] enquanto massau tem origem obscura.[10] Por fim, mico originou-se, possivelmente através do espanhol, na extinta língua cumanagota do Caribe e significa "mono de cauda longa".[11]
Faz parte do grupo dos "saguis do leste Brasileiro", que são as espécies de calitriquídeos típicos da Mata Atlântica, mas que ocorrem frequentemente no cerrado e caatinga (Grupo Jacchus). Outrora considerado como subespécie de sagui-de-tufo-branco (Callithrix jacchus), hoje é uma espécie separada.[2][12] Não há um consenso quanto a existência de subespécies, e sagui-de-wied (Callithrix kuhlii) já foi considerada como uma subespécie.[13][14]
Filogenias baseadas em morfometria de crânios colocaram essa espécie como mais aparentada com sagui-de-cara-branca (Callithrix geoffroyi), sendo que essas duas espécies, mais sagui-de-wied formam um grupo monofilético.[12]
Essa espécie possui uma distribuição geográfica muito ampla, ocorrendo em áreas de cerrado do Brasil central, sendo encontrado nos estados da Bahia, Minas Gerais, Goiás, Piauí, Maranhão, Sergipe e norte de São Paulo, ao norte dos rios Tietê e Piracicaba.[14] As florestas de galeria constituem seu principal habitat, por conta de possuir cursos d'água em seu interior, mas podem ser encontrados em outras formações vegetais, como o cerradão. Assim como muitas outras espécies do gênero calitrix (Callithrix), é altamente adaptável, e habita áreas de floresta secundária ou altamente perturbadas pelo homem.[15] Atualmente, existem inúmeras populações em regiões fora de sua distribuição geográfica nativa, devido a introduções feitas pelo homem.[16]
O sagui-de-tufos-pretos ou mico-estrela (nome científico: Callithrix penicillata), também genericamente designado massau, mico, saguim, sauí, sauim, soim, sonhim, tamari e xauim, é uma espécie de macaco do Novo Mundo e gênero calitrix (Callithrix), da família dos calitriquídeos (Callitrichidae). É endêmico do Brasil.
Callithrix penicillata[2][3][4] är en däggdjursart som först beskrevs av Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1812. Callithrix penicillata ingår i släktet silkesapor och familjen kloapor.[5][6] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1] Inga underarter finns listade.[5]
Denna silkesapa förekommer i centrala och södra Brasilien i delstaterna Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, São Paulo och Tocantins. Den introducerades dessutom av människan i delstaten Espírito Santo. Arten vistas där i olika slags skogar som galleriskogar eller mindre skogsområden i savannlandskapet Cerradon.[1]
Djuret är liksom andra silkesapor allätare. Födan utgörs bland annat av frukter, nektar, blommor och naturgummi som kompletteras med några smådjur som insekter, grodor och ödlor. Tillsammans med Callithrix jacchus är Callithrix penicillata den silkesapa som är mest inriktad på naturgummi. Individerna bildar familjegrupper med upp till 15 medlemmar.[1]
Enligt IUCN är hannarnas medelvikt är 345 gram.[1] Arten blir 20 till 23 cm lång (huvud och bål) och har en 29 till 33 cm lång svans. För ett fåtal exemplar registrerades en vikt av cirka 180 g (honor) respektive 225 g (hannar). Artepitet i det vetenskapliga namnet syftar på 4 till 5 cm långa svarta tofsar framför öronen som liknar penslar. Callithrix penicillata har en spräcklig gråvit päls på bålen med gula skuggor på bakbenen. Liksom hos andra medlemmar i undersläktet Callithrix har arten svarta och vita ringar på svansen. Hjässan kännetecknas av en trekantig vit fläck.[7]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Callithrix penicillata.
Wikispecies har information om Callithrix penicillata.
Callithrix penicillata är en däggdjursart som först beskrevs av Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire 1812. Callithrix penicillata ingår i släktet silkesapor och familjen kloapor. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig. Inga underarter finns listade.
Denna silkesapa förekommer i centrala och södra Brasilien i delstaterna Bahia, Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, São Paulo och Tocantins. Den introducerades dessutom av människan i delstaten Espírito Santo. Arten vistas där i olika slags skogar som galleriskogar eller mindre skogsområden i savannlandskapet Cerradon.
Djuret är liksom andra silkesapor allätare. Födan utgörs bland annat av frukter, nektar, blommor och naturgummi som kompletteras med några smådjur som insekter, grodor och ödlor. Tillsammans med Callithrix jacchus är Callithrix penicillata den silkesapa som är mest inriktad på naturgummi. Individerna bildar familjegrupper med upp till 15 medlemmar.
Enligt IUCN är hannarnas medelvikt är 345 gram. Arten blir 20 till 23 cm lång (huvud och bål) och har en 29 till 33 cm lång svans. För ett fåtal exemplar registrerades en vikt av cirka 180 g (honor) respektive 225 g (hannar). Artepitet i det vetenskapliga namnet syftar på 4 till 5 cm långa svarta tofsar framför öronen som liknar penslar. Callithrix penicillata har en spräcklig gråvit päls på bålen med gula skuggor på bakbenen. Liksom hos andra medlemmar i undersläktet Callithrix har arten svarta och vita ringar på svansen. Hjässan kännetecknas av en trekantig vit fläck.
Callithrix penicillata là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Cebidae, bộ Linh trưởng. Loài này được É. Geoffroy mô tả năm 1812.[2]
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Bài viết liên quan đến Bộ Linh trưởng này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Callithrix penicillata là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Cebidae, bộ Linh trưởng. Loài này được É. Geoffroy mô tả năm 1812.
Черноухая игрунка или черноухая мармозетка (лат. Callithrix penicillata) — примат из семейства игрунковых.
Черноухие игрунки очень похожи на обыкновенных игрунок, но отличаются от них чёрными и более короткими пучками меха на ушах, а также чередующимися чёрными и коричневыми поперечными полосами на теле.
Черноухие игрунки обитают в лесах Бразилии. На территории муниципалитета Каэте вдоль реки Риу-Пирасикаба обитает популяция гибридов Callithrix penicillata x Callithrix geoffroyi[1].
Черноухие игрунки часто встречаются около человеческих поселений и забегают на плантации.
Черноухая игрунка или черноухая мармозетка (лат. Callithrix penicillata) — примат из семейства игрунковых.
검은술마모셋(Callithrix penicillata)은 신세계원숭이의 일종으로 브라질 중부 평원의 신열대구 대상림의 1차림에서 서식한다. 브라질 포르투갈어로 미코-에스트렐라로 부르기도 한다. 바이아주부터 파라나 주까지,[3] 고이아스주처럼 멀리 떨어진 내륙, 에콰도르의 위도 14도에서 25도 사이의 지역까지 분포한다. 이 마모셋은 흔히 우림에 서식하며, 높은 나무 위에서 생활하는 수상성 동물이지만, 캐노피 아래에서 산다. 아주 드물게는 땅에 내려 와 살기도 한다.
검은술마모셋은 귀 주위에 난 검은 머리 술이 특징적이다. 일반적으로 얼굴에는 흰 털이 듬성듬성 나 있다. 머리는 흔히 갈색 또는 검은 색을 띠고, 팔다리와 상체 뿐만아니라 복부도 회색을 띠지만, 일반적으로 궁둥이와 하체는 검다. 꼬리는 검고 흰 색깔의 둥글게 휘어지는 형태로, 물체를 쥐는 힘은 없지만 균형을 잡는 데 사용한다. 나머지 네 손가락과 맞댈 수 있는 엄지손가락(opposable thumb)을 가지고 있지 않으며, 손발톱은 갈고리 모양이다. 검은술마모셋의 키는 19에서 22 cm까지 자라며 몸무게는 최대 350 g에 이른다.
낮에 주로 활동하는 주행성 동물이자, 나무 위에서 생활하는 수상성 동물인, 검은술마모셋은 다른 마모셋들과 생활 습관이 매우 비슷하다. 이들은 보통 2 마리부터 14 마리까지로 이루어진 가족 집단 내에서 생활한다. 이 집단은 흔히 한쌍의 부모와 이들의 새끼들로 구성된다. 이 종 사이에서 쌍둥이는 아주 흔하며, 수컷들과 젊은 원숭이들이 암컷이 어린 새끼들을 키우는 것을 자주 돕는다.
검은술마모셋은 작은 가족 집단 내에서 생활하고 있지만, 다른 마모셋들과 먹이 위치, 나무 수액 등을 공유하는 것으로 보인다. 이 집단은 냄새를 남겨서 자신들의 흔적을 남기지만, 이 냄새 표지는 다른 검은술마모셋 집단을 보다는 다른 종들과 구별하려는 것으로 보이는 데, 그 까닭은 다른 집단들은 일반적으로 이들 표지를 무시하기 때문이다. 이 마모셋은 또한 이주성을 있는 것으로 보이며, 흔히 우기 또는 건기에 이동하지만, 어느 범위까지 이동하는 지는 알려지 있지 않다.
검은술마모셋들 사이의 의사소통은 아직 충분히 연구되지 않았지만, 소리를 통해 서로 의사소통을 하는 것으로 보고 있다.
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