Luisia, commonly known as velvet orchids[3] or 钗子股属 (chai zi gu shu),[4] is a genus of epiphytic or lithophytic orchids in family Orchidaceae. Plants in this genus have flattened roots, long leafy stems, narrow, thick, leathery leaves and short-lived flowers that open sporadically. There are about forty species found from tropical and subtropical Asia to the Western Pacific.[1]
Description
Orchids in the genus Luisia are epiphytic or lithophytic, monopodial herbs with long, fibrous stems and thick, more or less flattened roots. A large number of cylinder-shaped, narrow leathery leaves are arranged along the stems. Up to ten resupinate, usually small, fleshy flowers are arranged on a short, thickened flowering stem and open sporadically. Each flower has a short, curved stalk and petals that are longer than the sepals. The labellum is large and fleshy with an upper epichile separated by a groove from the lower concave hypochile. The labellum has a rigid connection to the column.[3][4][5][6]
Taxonomy and naming
The genus Luisia was first formally described in 1829 by Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré and the description was published in Voyage autour du monde fait par ordre du Roi sur les corvettes de S. M. l'Uranie et la Physicienne.[1][7][8] The name Luisia honours Don Luis de Torres who assisted the French expedition at Guam.[8][9]
Distribution
Orchids in the genus Luisia occur in Bhutan, China, India, Indochina, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, New Guinea the Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Australia, Micronesia and Melanesia.[1][4]
Species list
The following is a list of species of Luisia accepted by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as at December 2018:[1]
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Luisia abrahami Vatsala in A.Abraham & P.Vatsala, 1981
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Luisia amesiana Rolfe, 1893
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Luisia antennifera Blume, 1849
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Luisia appressifolia Aver., 2000
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Luisia balakrishnanii S.Misra 2010
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Luisia brachystachys (Lindl.) Blume, 1849
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Luisia cantharis Rolfe, 1895
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Luisia celebica Schltr., 1911
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Luisia confusa Rchb.f. in W.G.Walpers, 1863
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Luisia cordatilabia Ames & Quisumb. (1933, publ. 1934)
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Luisia curtisii Seidenf., 1997
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Luisia filiformis Hook.f., 1890
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Luisia foxworthii Ames, 1908
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Luisia hancockii Rolfe, 1896
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Luisia javanica J.J.Sm., 1914
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Luisia jonesii J.J.Sm., 1914
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Luisia longispica Z.H.Tsi & S.C.Chen, 1994
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Luisia lui T.C.Hsu & S.W.Chung 2010
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Luisia macrantha Blatt. & McCann, 1932
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Luisia macrotis Rchb.f., 1869
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Luisia magniflora Z.H.Tsi & S.C.Chen, 1994
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Luisia megasepala Hayata, 1914
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Luisia microptera Rchb.f., 1870
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Luisia morsei Rolfe, 1903
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Luisia occidentalis Lindl. 1853
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Luisia parviflora Aver. 2015
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Luisia primulina C.S.P.Parish & Rchb.f., 1874
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Luisia psyche Rchb.f., 1863
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Luisia ramosii Ames, 1911
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Luisia recurva Seidenf., 1971
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Luisia secunda Seidenf., 1971
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Luisia taurina J.J.Sm., 1910
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Luisia tenuifolia Blume, 1849
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Luisia teres (Thunb.) Blume, 1849
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Luisia thailandica Seidenf., 1971
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Luisia trichorhiza (Hook.) Blume, 1849
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Luisia tristis (G.Forst.) Hook.f., 1890
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Luisia unguiculata J.J.Sm., 1926
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Luisia volucris Lindl., 1853
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Luisia zeylanica Lindl. 1853
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Luisia zollingeri Rchb.f. in W.G.Walpers, 1863
Intergeneric hybrids
- x Aeridisia (Aerides x Luisia)
- x Aeridovanisia (Aerides x Luisia x Vanda)
- x Ascogastisia (Ascocentrum x Gastrochilus x Luisia)
- x Debruyneara (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Vanda)
- x Dominyara (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Neofinetia x Rhynchostylis )
- x Gastisia (Gastrochilus x Luisia)
- x Gastisocalpa (Gastrochilus x Luisia x Pomatocalpa)
- x Goffara (Luisia x Rhynchostylis x Vanda)
- x Luascotia (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Neofinetia)
- x Luicentrum (Ascocentrum x Luisia)
- x Luichilus (Luisia x Sarcochilus)
- x Luinetia (Luisia x Neofinetia)
- x Luinopsis (Luisia x Phalaenopsis)
- x Luisanda (Luisia x Vanda)
- x Luistylis (Luisia x Rhynchostylis )
- x Luivanetia (Luisia x Neofinetia x Vanda)
- x Pageara (Ascocentrum x Luisia x Rhynchostylis x Vanda)
- x Papilisia (Papilionanthe x Luisia) One species of Papilionanthe was re-classified as a hybrid with this genus (× Papilisia taiwaniana)
- x Pomatisia (Luisia x Pomatocalpa)
- x Scottara (Aerides x Arachnis x Luisia)
- x Trautara (Doritis x Luisia x Phalaenopsis)
References
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^ a b c d e f "Luisia". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
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^ Walter Hood Fitch (1817-1892) del. et lith. Description by James Bateman (1811-1897) - "Curtis's Botanical Magazine" vol. 92 (Ser. 3 no. 22) pl. 5558
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^ a b Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 436. ISBN 1877069124.
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^ a b c Chen, Xinqi; Wood, Jeffrey J. "Luisia". Flora of China. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
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^ D.L.Jones; T.Hopley; S.M.Duffy (2010). "Luisia". Australian Tropical Rainforest Orchids. Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research (CANBR), Australian Government. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
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^ Pridgeon, Alec M. (ed.); Cribb, Phillip J. (ed.); Chase, Mark W. (ed.); Rasmussen, Finn N. (ed.). Genera Orchidacearum. Oxford University Press. pp. 204–208. ISBN 9780199646517.
{{cite book}}: |first1= has generic name (help) -
^ "Luisia". APNI. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
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^ a b Guadichaud-Beaupré, Charles (1829). Voyage autour du monde fait par ordre du Roi sur les corvettes de S. M. l'Uranie et la Physicienne. Botanique. Paris. pp. 426–427. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
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^ "Luís de Torres". Guampedia. Retrieved 24 December 2018.
