Viviparidae, sometimes known as the river snails or mystery snails, are a family of large operculate freshwater snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks.
This family is classified in the informal group Architaenioglossa according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005.
Distribution
This family occurs nearly worldwide in temperate and tropical regions, with the exception that they are absent from South America.
There are two genera of Viviparidae in Africa: Bellamya and Neothauma.[3]
The oldest known vivparid is Viviparus langtonensis from the Middle Jurassic of England.[4] The oldest records from the Southern Hemisphere is from the Late Jurassic Talbragar fossil beds of Australia.[5]
Taxonomy
The family Viviparidae contains 3 subfamilies (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005):
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Viviparinae Gray, 1847 (1833) - synonyms: Paludinidae Fitzinger, 1833 (inv.); Kosoviinae Atanackovic, 1859 (n.a.)
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Bellamyinae Rohrbach, 1937 - synonym: Amuropaludinidae Starobogatov, Prozorova, Bogatov & Sayenko, 2004 (n.a.)
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Lioplacinae Gill, 1863 - synonym: Campelomatinae Thiele, 1929
Genera
Genera within the family Viviparidae include:
subfamily Viviparinae Gray, 1847
subfamily Bellamyinae Rohrbach, 1937
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Amuropaludina Moskvicheva, 1979
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Angulyagra Rao, 1931[7]
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Anulotaia Brandt, 1968
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Anularya Zhang & Chen, 2015[8]
- † Apameaus Sivan, Heller & van Damme, 2006[9] This Pliocene-Pleistocene genus contains only one species Apameaus apameae Sivan, Heller & van Damme, 2006
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Bellamya Jousseame, 1886 - type genus of the subfamily
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Boganmargarya Thach, 2018
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Cipangopaludina Hannibal, 1912[7]
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Eyriesia P. Fischer, 1885
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Filopaludina Habe, 1964
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Heterogen Annandale, 1921 - with the only species Heterogen longispira (E. A. Smith, 1886)
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Idiopoma Pilsbry, 1901
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Larina Adams, 1851[10]
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Margarya Nevill, 1877
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Mekongia Crosse & Fischer, 1876
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Neclarina Iredale, 1943
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Notopala Cotton, 1935[11]
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Sinotaia Haas, 1939
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Taia Annandale, 1918
- † Temnotaia Annandale, 1919
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Tchangmargarya He, 2013[8]
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Torotaia Haas, 1939
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Trochotaia Brandt, 1974[12]
subfamily Lioplacinae Gill, 1863
subfamily ?
- Genera brought into synonymy
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Centrapala Cotton, 1935:[10] synonym of Larina A. Adams, 1855
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Contectiana Bourguignat, 1880: synonym of Viviparus Montfort, 1810
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Eularina Iredale, 1943: synonym of Larina A. Adams, 1855
- subfamily † Kosoviinae Atanacković, 1959: synonym of Viviparidae Gray, 1847
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Lecythoconcha Annandale, 1920: synonym of Cipangopaludina Hannibal, 1912
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Metohia Popović, 1964 : (junior homonym, no replacement name available in 2014)
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Notopalena Iredale, 1943: synonym of Notopala Cotton, 1935
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Paludina Férussac, 1812: synonym of Viviparus Montfort, 1810
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Siamopaludina Brandt, 1968 : synonym of Filopaludina (Siamopaludina) Brandt, 1968 represented as Filopaludina Habe, 1964
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Vivipara : synonym of Viviparus Montfort, 1810
Life cycle
Life spans have been reported from 3 to 11 years in various species of Viviparidae.[14]
References
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^ Gray J. E. (November 1847) (1833). "A list of genera of Recent Mollusca, their synonyma and types". Proceedings of the Zoological Society in London, 15: 129-182. Viviparidae at page 155.
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^ Strong E. E., Gargominy O., Ponder W. F. & Bouchet P. (2008). "Global Diversity of Gastropods (Gastropoda; Mollusca) in Freshwater". Hydrobiologia 595: 149-166. hdl:10088/7390 doi:10.1007/s10750-007-9012-6.
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^ a b Brown D. S. (1994). Freshwater Snails of Africa and their Medical Importance. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 0-7484-0026-5.
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^ Stelbrink, Björn; Richter, Romy; Köhler, Frank; Riedel, Frank; Strong, Ellen E; Van Bocxlaer, Bert; Albrecht, Christian; Hauffe, Torsten; Page, Timothy J; Aldridge, David C; Bogan, Arthur E (15 February 2020). "Global Diversification Dynamics Since the Jurassic: Low Dispersal and Habitat-Dependent Evolution Explain Hotspots of Diversity and Shell Disparity in River Snails (Viviparidae)". Systematic Biology. 69 (5): 944–961. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syaa011. ISSN 1063-5157. PMID 32061133.
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^ Frese, Michael; Ponder, Winston (3 July 2021). "Proviviparus talbragarensis gen. et sp. nov., the first viviparid snail from the Late Jurassic of Australia". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 45 (3): 344–353. doi:10.1080/03115518.2021.1940276. ISSN 0311-5518. S2CID 238777174.
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^ Van Bocxlaer, Bert; Strong, Ellen E; Richter, Romy; Stelbrink, Björn; Rintelen, Thomas Von (14 December 2017). "Anatomical and genetic data reveal that Rivularia Heude, 1890 belongs to Viviparinae (Gastropoda: Viviparidae)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 182 (1): 1–23. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx014. ISSN 0024-4082.
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^ a b (file created 29 July 2010) FRESH WATER MOLLUSCAN SPECIES IN INDIA. 11 pp. accessed 31 July 2010.
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^ a b Zhang, L. J.; Chen, S. C.; Yang, L. T.; Jin, L.; Köhler, F. (2015). "Systematic revision of the freshwater snail Nevill, 1877 (Mollusca: Viviparidae) endemic to the ancient lakes of Yunnan, China, with description of new taxa". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 174 (4): 760–800. doi:10.1111/zoj.12260.
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^ Sivan, N.; Heller, J.; van Damme, D. (2006). "Fossil Viviparidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the Levant". Journal of Conchology. 39 (2): 207–220.
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^ a b Kear, B. P.; Hamilton-Bruce, R. J.; Smith, B. J.; Gowlett-Holmes, K. L. (2003). "Reassessment of Australia's oldest freshwater snail, Viviparus (?) albascopularis Etheridge, 1902 (Mollusca : Gastropoda : Viviparidae), from the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian, Wallumbilla Formation) of White Cliffs, New South Wales". Molluscan Research. 23 (2): 149–158. doi:10.1071/MR03003.
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^ River Snail (Notopala sublineata). accessed 26 September 2010
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^ Du L.-N., Yang J.-X. & Chen X.-Y. (2011). "A new species of Trochotaia (Caenogastropoda: Viviparidae) from Yunnan, China". Molluscan Research 31(2): 85-89. abstract
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^ a b Hamilton-Bruce R. J., Smith B. J. & Gowlett-Holmes K. L. (2002). "Descriptions of a new genus and two new species of viviparid snails (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Viviparidae) from the Early Cretaceous (middle-late Albian) Griman Creek Formation of Lightning Ridge, northern New South Wales". Records of the South Australian Museum 35': 193–203. PDF
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^ Heller, J (1990). "Longevity in molluscs". Malacologia. 31 (2): 259–295.
