dcsimg

Biology

provided by Arkive
The adult chimaera birdwing feeds upon the nectar of hibiscus plants and African tulip trees, and groups of this species can be seen circling the tops of these trees. The female lays up to 20 eggs on the food plant and once hatched, the caterpillars consume the leaves of the plant before pupating. The pupa undergoes metamorphosis and emerges some weeks later as the adult butterfly (4).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Conservation

provided by Arkive
There is no targeted conservation action for this species and as long as the human population continues to grow in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, habitat loss will continue. The chimaera birdwing is listed on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, which serves to regulate the trade in the species or any of its parts by requiring export licences and producing quotas (2). While the collection of chimaera birdwings from the wild is not believed to pose a threat to the species, this butterfly is ranched in moderate numbers in the highlands of Papua New Guinea (3).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Description

provided by Arkive
The upperside of the forewings of the male chimaera birdwing are black with three streaks of yellowish-green scales. The hindwings are mainly yellow with an area of black and small patches of green on top of the yellow (4). There are two or more black dots within the yellow area. The underside is more colourful with less black areas. Females are dark brown, with several indistinct white spots on the forewings and a broad pale band on the hindwing enclosing a semicircular series of black spots. The furry body is primarily black and yellow. The caterpillar has a black body with a yellow 'saddle', covered with small, spiky bumps. The pupa is black mottled with pale yellowish-brown (3). While some scientists believe there are three subspecies of the chimaera birdwing (Ornithoptera chimaera chimaera, O. c. charybdis, and O. c. flavidior), each occupying slightly different ranges (4) (5), others believe that O. c. charybdis, and O. c. flavidior are simply local forms (6).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Habitat

provided by Arkive
This striking butterfly inhabits primary rainforest from 1,200 to 2,800 metres above sea level, but it is most frequently encountered between 1,600 and 2,000 metres (3). Adult chimaera birdwing are most commonly encountered flying over ridges several metres above the ground or feeding at the flowers of tall forest trees, occasionally in large numbers (5).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Range

provided by Arkive
The chimaera birdwing is restricted to montane areas of Papua New Guinea and Irian Jaya, Indonesia (4).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Status

provided by Arkive
The chimaera birdwing is currently classified as Lower Risk / Near Threatened (LR/nt) on the IUCN Red List (1) and is listed on Appendix II of CITES (2). This species has been reassessed and will soon be classified as Least Concern (LC) (3).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Threats

provided by Arkive
Habitat loss is the main threat to this species as forests are destroyed for agriculture, tree plantations, and urbanisation (1).
license
cc-by-nc-sa-3.0
copyright
Wildscreen
original
visit source
partner site
Arkive

Ornithoptera chimaera

provided by wikipedia EN

Ornithoptera chimaera, the chimaera birdwing, is a birdwing butterfly of the family Papilionidae. It is found in mountain areas of New Guinea, 1000 meters above sea level.

The "chimaera" portion of both the scientific and vernacular name, is named after the Chimaera, Greek: Χίμαιρα, Khimaira, from χίμαρος, khimaros, a creature in Greek mythology, composed of parts of three animals.

Description

As Schoenbergia chimaera, male in Robert Henry Fernando Rippon's Icones Ornithopterorum (1898 to 1906)

Ornithoptera chimaera is sexually dimorphic. The wingspan is 80–180 mm in females and 70–150 mm in males.

Male: The forewings are ground colour black. There are two green areas. The underside of the forewing is green. The margin of the wing is black. The veins are black. There is a chain of little postdiscal internervular black spots on the wing. The hindwing inner part and the edge are black. The other part of the wing is green and contains some large, golden spots and two or more black spots. The underside of the hindwing is green. There are large, golden spots and three black spots. The inner edge is very hairy.

The abdomen is bright yellow. Head and thorax are black. The underside of thorax has two red tufts.

Female: The female is larger than the male. The general colour of the female is dark brown. There is a chain of white postdiscal spots on the forewings, a discal chain and white subcostal spots. In the discal part of the hindwings there is a large, white area. The outer edge of this white area is yellow. Between the white part and the yellow part there is a chain of black spots.

Subspecies

  • Ornithoptera chimaera chimaera
  • Ornithoptera chimaera charybdis (van Eecke, 1915)
  • Ornithoptera chimaera flavidior Rothschild, 1913

Type material

The holotype is in the Natural History Museum, London.

Biology

Female

O. chimaera is a montane species found in the Central Range montane rainforests. The larvae feed on species of the genus Aristolochia including Aristolochia momandul. The female lays up to 20 eggs on the leaves. Adults feeds upon the nectar of Spathodea (an invasive species) and Hibiscus. Groups of both sexes can be seen circling the tops of these trees in the canopy.

Conservation

The chimaera birdwing is listed on CITES Appendix II, restricting international trade to those who have been granted a permit.[3] It is also regarded at near threatened by the IUCN.[1] The chimaera birdwing is listed on Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species, which serves to regulate the trade in the species or any of its parts by requiring export licences and producing quotas[4]

Gallery

Selection of museum specimens of Ornithoptera chimaera

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Böhm, M. (2018). "Ornithoptera chimaera". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T15516A727316. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-1.RLTS.T15516A727316.en. Retrieved 18 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. ^ CITES appendices I, II and III, Version 27 April 2011.
  4. ^ Sands, Donald P. A.; New, Tim R. (2013), "The Richmond Birdwing Butterfly", Conservation of the Richmond Birdwing Butterfly in Australia, Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, pp. 29–48, doi:10.1007/978-94-007-7170-3_2, ISBN 978-94-007-7169-7, retrieved 2020-10-15
  1. CITES (May, 2005) http://www.cites.org
  • D'Abrera, B. (1975) Birdwing Butterflies of the World. Country Life Books, London.
  • Haugum, J. & Low, A.M. 1978-1985. A Monograph of the Birdwing Butterflies. 2 volumes. Scandinavian Press, Klampenborg; 663 pp.
  • Straatman, Raymond; & Schmid, F.,1975 Notes on the biology of Ornithoptera goliath and O. chimaera (Papilionidae). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 29: 85-88.pdf
  • Thomas Graham Howarth, 1977 A list of the type-specimens of Ornithoptera (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) in the British Museum (Natural History) Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology series 36:153-169 pdf

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Ornithoptera chimaera: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Ornithoptera chimaera, the chimaera birdwing, is a birdwing butterfly of the family Papilionidae. It is found in mountain areas of New Guinea, 1000 meters above sea level.

The "chimaera" portion of both the scientific and vernacular name, is named after the Chimaera, Greek: Χίμαιρα, Khimaira, from χίμαρος, khimaros, a creature in Greek mythology, composed of parts of three animals.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia authors and editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia EN

Troides chimaera ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Troides chimaera est une espèce de papillons de la famille des Papilionidae et de la sous-famille des Papilioninae et du genre Troides.

Systématique

Troides chimaera a été décrite par Lionel Walter Rothschild en 1904. Elle est parfois classée sous le genre Ornithoptera (Schäffler, 2001[1]).

Liste des sous-espèces

Selon BioLib (1 janvier 2021)[2] :

  • sous-espèce Troides chimaera charybdis (van Eecke, 1915)
  • sous-espèce Troides chimaera chimaera Rothschild, 1904
  • sous-espèce Troides chimaera flavidior Rothschild, 1913

Description

Troides chimaera est un grand papillon, avec une envergure allant de 130 mm à 160 mm[3]. La tête et le thorax sont noirs et le corps jaunâtre. Les ailes antérieures sont longues à apex angulaire. Il existe un dimorphisme sexuel de couleur.

Les mâles ont sur le dessus des ailes antérieures vertes avec deux bandes noires, une le long du bord interne et externe, l'autre proche du bord costal ce qui délimite deux grands triangles verts. Les ailes postérieures sont jaune bordées de vert. Les revers des ailes antérieures est vert marqué de veines noires et celui des ailes postérieures jaune bordé de vert avec trois points noirs.

Les femelles sont plus grandes, de couleur marron foncé, aux ailes antérieures marquées de quelques taches blanches et d'une ligne submarginale de petits points blancs et aux ailes postérieures marron foncé avec une aire submarginale jaune et une aire postdiscale blanche marquée d'une ligne de gros points marron foncé[3].

 src=
Troides chimaera femelle.

Biologie

Plantes hôtes

Les plantes hôtes de sa chenille sont des aristoloches dont Aristolochia pithecurus[3].

Écologie et distribution

Troides chimaera est présent en Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée et dans plusieurs iles voisines[1],[3].

Biotope

Troides chimaera réside en forêt au-dessus de 1 000 m.

Protection

Il est protégé.

Notes et références

  1. a et b « Troides », sur funet.fi (consulté le 12 avril 2012)
  2. BioLib, consulté le 1 janvier 2021
  3. a b c et d « Troides chimaera », sur butterflycorner.net (consulté le 12 avril 2012)

Annexes

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FR

Troides chimaera: Brief Summary ( French )

provided by wikipedia FR

Troides chimaera est une espèce de papillons de la famille des Papilionidae et de la sous-famille des Papilioninae et du genre Troides.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Auteurs et éditeurs de Wikipedia
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia FR

Ornithoptera chimaera ( Dutch; Flemish )

provided by wikipedia NL

Insecten

Ornithoptera chimaera is een vlinder uit de familie van de pages (Papilionidae).

Kenmerken

Het vrouwtje heeft een spanwijdte van 8 tot 18 centimeter, het mannetje is wat kleiner en heeft een spanwijdte van 7 tot 15 centimeter.

Verspreiding en leefgebied

De soort komt voor op Java en Nieuw-Guinea op een hoogte van 1200 tot 1800 meter boven zeeniveau langs rivieren en beekjes.

Waardplanten

De waardplant van deze vlinder is Aristolochia momandul uit de pijpbloemfamilie.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  • W. Landman (1999) Geïllustreerde Vlinderencyclopedie, Lisse: R&B
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia NL

Ornithoptera chimaera: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

provided by wikipedia NL

Ornithoptera chimaera is een vlinder uit de familie van de pages (Papilionidae).

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia-auteurs en -editors
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia NL

Ornithoptera chimaera ( Norwegian )

provided by wikipedia NO

Ornithoptera chimaera er en sommerfugl i familiegruppen svalestjerter. Den hører til blant de sommerfuglene som kalles fuglevinger. En gruppe av svalestjerter som har fått sitt navn fordi framvingene er store og trekantet, noe som gjør at de ligner fugler når de flyr.

Ornithoptera chimaera lever i Ny-Guinea.

Utseende

Kroppen har et ytre skjelett (hudplater) som holder de bløte indre organer på plass. Det ytre hudskjelettet er bygd opp for det meste av kitin. Bakkroppens indre organer består av fordøyelsesorganer, forplantningsorganer og åndedrett. Åndedrettet hos sommerfugler foregår ikke ved lunger, men ved at luft hentes inn og ut av kroppen gjennom små hull i hudskjelettet (spirakler). I kroppen er det et svært finmasket system av trakéer som leder oksygenet til kroppens vitale deler. En blodvæske som sirkulerer i kroppen, pumpes rundt av et avlangt rørformet hjerte.

Brystpartiet består for det meste av vingenes muskulatur. Sanseorganer, for syn, smak og lukt er stort sett plassert i hodet. Nervesystemet består av en bukmarg med to nervestrenger og én nerveknute (ganglion) i hvert kroppssegment. Den første nerveknuten, som ligger foran munnåpningen, er spesielt stor og omtales som hjerne.

Larvens hode består av en hard hodekapsel med noen punktøyne. Under øynene er det noen små antenner larven bruker til å finne riktig føde. Larvens bakkropp består nesten bare av fordøyelsessystemet. Dette er ganske kort og mye av maten larven spiser passerer før all næringen er tatt opp. Avføringen kommer ut som små kuler helt bakerst på kroppen. Larvene ånder gjennom åpninger i hudskjelettet (spirakler), langs kroppens sider.

Levevis

Parringen skjer ved sammenkobling mellom de to kjønnene. Eggene legges direkte på næringsplanten. Larven lever som plantespiser og er radikalt forskjellige fra de voksne, både i levevis og i kroppsbygning.

Ornithoptera chimaera tilhører gruppen av insekter med fullstendig forvandling (holometabole insekter), som gjennomgår en metamorfose i løpet av utviklingen. Mellom larvestadiet og det voksne stadiet er et puppestadium, en hvileperiode, der sommerfuglens indre og ytre organer endres. Larvens bøyelige og myke kropp omdannes til en puppe med et hardt skall. Når skallet er hardt begynner omdanningen fra larve til den voksne (imago) sommerfuglen. De indre organer brytes i varierende grad ned til en cellemasse. En omorganisering skjer og dyret bygges opp igjen. Puppeperioden varierer etter temperaturen.

Systematisk inndeling

Treliste

Kilder

Eksterne lenker

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia forfattere og redaktører
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia NO

Ornithoptera chimaera: Brief Summary ( Norwegian )

provided by wikipedia NO

Ornithoptera chimaera er en sommerfugl i familiegruppen svalestjerter. Den hører til blant de sommerfuglene som kalles fuglevinger. En gruppe av svalestjerter som har fått sitt navn fordi framvingene er store og trekantet, noe som gjør at de ligner fugler når de flyr.

Ornithoptera chimaera lever i Ny-Guinea.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia forfattere og redaktører
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia NO

Ornithoptera chimaera ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI
 src=
Bài viết này cần thêm chú thích nguồn gốc để kiểm chứng thông tin. Mời bạn giúp hoàn thiện bài viết này bằng cách bổ sung chú thích tới các nguồn đáng tin cậy. Các nội dung không có nguồn có thể bị nghi ngờ và xóa bỏ.

Ornithoptera chimaera là một loài bướm ngày cánh chim thuộc họ Papilionidae. Nó được tìm thấy ở các vùng núi của New GuineaJava trên độ cao 1000 mét.

 src=
Female

Sải cánh dài 80–180 mm đối với con cái và 70–150 mm đối với con đực.

Ấu trùng ăn Aristolochia momandul.

Hình ảnh

Tham khảo

Liên kết ngoài

  • ARKive Photos More information.
 src= Wikimedia Commons có thêm hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Ornithoptera chimaera


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến Họ Bướm phượng này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

Ornithoptera chimaera: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Ornithoptera chimaera là một loài bướm ngày cánh chim thuộc họ Papilionidae. Nó được tìm thấy ở các vùng núi của New GuineaJava trên độ cao 1000 mét.

 src= Female

Sải cánh dài 80–180 mm đối với con cái và 70–150 mm đối với con đực.

Ấu trùng ăn Aristolochia momandul.

license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Wikipedia tác giả và biên tập viên
original
visit source
partner site
wikipedia VI

Орнитоптера химера ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Латинское название Ornithoptera chimaera Rothschild, 1904

wikispecies:
Систематика
на Викивидах

commons:
Изображения
на Викискладе

NCBI 129446

Орнитоптера химера[1][2] (лат. Ornithoptera chimaera) — крупная дневная бабочка семейства Парусники. Видовое название дано в честь Химеры — которая, в греческой мифологии, была порождением Тифона и Ехидны. Название дано в связи с большой схожестью данного вида с другой орнитоптерой, названной в честь ТифонаОрнитоптера тифон.

 src=
Самка

Описание

Размах крыльев самцов - до 160 мм, самок - до 190 мм[2]. Окраской крыльев вид сходен с Орнитоптера тифон.

Ареал

Новая Гвинея[2].

Подвиды

  • O. c. charybdis (van Eecke, 1915). Ириан-Джая
  • O. c. chimaera (Rothschild, 1904). Ириан-Джая (Северо - восток), Папуа Новая Гвинея (Северная и Восточная часть)
  • O. c. flavidor (Rothschild, 1913). п-ов Хюон, Папуа Новая Гвинея

Местообитания и биология

Горные влажные тропические леса на высоте 1200—1800 метров над уровнем моря. Бабочки кормятся на цветках гибискуса. Гусеницы развиваются на растениях семейства кирказоновые (Aristolochiaceae): Aristolochia momandul[2].

Замечания по охране

Занесен в перечень чешуекрылых, экспорт, реэкспорт и импорт которых регулируется в соответствии с Конвенцией о международной торговле видами дикой фауны и флоры, находящимися под угрозой исчезновения (СИТЕС).

Примечания

  1. Л. В. Каабак, А. В. Сочивко. Бабочки мира / Г. Вильчек — 1-е. — Москва: Аванта+, 2003. — С. 84-86. — 184 с. — (Самые красивые и знаменитые). — 10 000 экз. — ISBN 5-94623-008-5, ISBN 5-98986-071-4.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Вейбрен Ландман. Бабочки. Иллюстрированная энциклопедия — М.: Лабиринт Пресс, 2002. — 272 с. — (Иллюстрированная энциклопедия). — ISBN 5-9287-0274-4.
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Авторы и редакторы Википедии

Орнитоптера химера: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию

Орнитоптера химера (лат. Ornithoptera chimaera) — крупная дневная бабочка семейства Парусники. Видовое название дано в честь Химеры — которая, в греческой мифологии, была порождением Тифона и Ехидны. Название дано в связи с большой схожестью данного вида с другой орнитоптерой, названной в честь ТифонаОрнитоптера тифон.

 src= Самка
license
cc-by-sa-3.0
copyright
Авторы и редакторы Википедии