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Sphenomonas quadrangularis Stein, 1878. Biflagellated, gliding euglenid, rigid, 17 - 30 microns (average 23.0 microns) long and 8 - 15 microns (average 11.5 microns) wide. Cell shape ellipsoid, anterior end of cell pointed, apically slightly oblique, posterior end of cell broadly rounded. Pellicle hyaline with 4 longitudinal strongly developed keels, each containing a series of small paramylon grains. In cruciate the cell shape looks square with concave sides and roundish angles. The anterior flagellum is about one or one and a half of the cell length and the recurrent flagellum about one quarter to one thirth of the cell length. The centre of cell always contains a large hyaline inclusion. The reservoir is situated in mid-line in the first quarter of the cell with an associated contractile vacuole.
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Portrait of the colorless euglenid flagellate, Sphenomonas quadrangularis (Playfair, 1921).DIC.
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Portrait of the colorless euglenid flagellate, Sphenomonas quadrangularis (Playfair, 1921).DIC.
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Portrait of the colorless euglenid flagellate, Sphenomonas quadrangularis (Playfair, 1921).DIC.
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Sphenomonas (sfeen-owe-moan-ass) angusta Skuja, 1956. Cells are 10 to 14 microns long, 4 to 7 microns wide, not flattened and with a dorsal groove. The cells are anteriorly obliquely truncated and posteriorly rounded. The cell bodies are slightly curved: the right margin of the cell is straighter than the left one. With two flagella, unequal in length, emerging from a relatively large flagellar pocket located in the right anterior end of the cell. The anterior flagellum is about 1.5 times cell length and its proximal part moves actively, the trailing posterior flagellum is less than 0.5 times the cell length. One large refractile inclusion often occupies the posterior part of the cell. Commonly observed.
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Sphenomonas angusta Skuja, 1956. Cells are 10 to 14 microns long, 4 to 7 microns wide, not flattened and with a dorsal groove. The cells are anteriorly obliquely truncated and posteriorly rounded. The cell bodies are slightly curved: the right margin of the cell is straighter than the left one. With two flagella, unequal in length, emerging from a relatively large flagellar pocket located in the right anterior end of the cell. The anterior flagellum is about 1.5 times cell length and its proximal part moves actively, the trailing posterior flagellum is less than 0.5 times the cell length. One large refractile inclusion often occupies the posterior part of the cell.
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Sphenomonas teres (Stein, 1878) Klebs, 1893. Rigid, gliding euglenid, cell shape elongate elliptical, anterior end of cell narrow, apically oblique with slight neck and reflexed collar. Cell is about 11 - 30 microns long. Posterior end of cell also narrow, slightly pointed.or papillated. Two flagella insert in the flagellar pocket, unequal in length. The anterior flagellum is about the same length as the cell or slightly longer. The second flagellum is about one quarter the length of the cell. The flagellar pocket is located dorsally and has an associated contractile vacuole. Pellicle with at least 6-8 delicate, longitudinal ridges, spaced about 1.5 - 2 microns Typically there is a large hyaline inclusion of cell located more or less in the posterior part of cell. Cell contain a few small roundish paramylon grains in the posterior part of cell and some more in the anterior part of cell. T Clostenema sociale Stokes synomised by Huber-Pestalozzi, 1955
