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Eastern Prairie Fringed Orchid

Platanthera leucophaea (Nutt.) Lindl.

Comments

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A very rare hybrid with Platanthera psycodes, known only from Ontario, is P. × reznicekii Catling, Brownell & G. Allen.

See the discussion under 22. Plantanthera praeclara.

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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 26: 552, 564, 565, 566 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Description

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Plants 32–112 cm. Leaves several to many, ascending, scattered along stem, imperceptibly reduced to bracts distally; blade lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, usually to 20 × 4 cm. Spikes lax to moderately dense. Flowers resupinate, showy, corolla white, calyx green to whitish green; lateral sepals porrect; petals obovate to rarely flabellate, apically lacerate; lip descending to horizontally projecting, deeply 3-lobed, without basal thickening, 14–22 × 15–29 mm, distal margins of lobes deeply incised, fringed, lateral lobes flabellate, usually broad, overlapping middle lobe, middle lobe flabellate, sometimes very broadly, emarginate; spur slenderly clavate, 28–47 mm; rostellum lobes nearly parallel, directed downward, short, rounded; pollinaria geniculate; pollinia directed forward (column appearing hooded), remaining enclosed in anther sacs; viscidia orbiculate; ovary slender, mostly 15–30 mm. 2n = 42.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 26: 552, 564, 565, 566 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Distribution

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Ont.; Ill., Ind., Iowa, La., Maine, Mich., Mo., Nebr., N.J., N.Y., Ohio, Okla., Va., Wis.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 26: 552, 564, 565, 566 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Flowering/Fruiting

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Flowering Jun--Aug.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 26: 552, 564, 565, 566 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Habitat

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Mesic to wet prairies, marshes, fens, lake shores, old fields; of conservation concern; 80--300m.
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 26: 552, 564, 565, 566 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
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Synonym

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Orchis leucophaea Nuttall, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., n. s. 5: 161. 1834; Habenaria leucophaea (Nuttall) A. Gray
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Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
bibliographic citation
Flora of North America Vol. 26: 552, 564, 565, 566 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
source
Flora of North America @ eFloras.org
editor
Flora of North America Editorial Committee
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Platanthera leucophaea

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Platanthera leucophaea, commonly known as the prairie white fringed orchid[6] or eastern prairie fringed orchid, is a rare species of orchid native to North America. It is a federally threatened species,[7] protected since October 30, 1989 under the Endangered Species Act of 1973.[8] In Canada, it has been listed endangered under Schedule 1 of the Species at Risk Act since 2005.[9] In 2014, the International Union for Conservation of Nature assessed it as "least concern."[1]

Distribution

Platanthera leucophaea is found in moist to wet tallgrass prairie, sedge meadows, fens, and old fields. For optimum growth, little or no woody encroachment should be near the habitat. Historically, the eastern prairie fringed orchid is found primarily in the Great Lakes Region with isolated populations in Maine, Virginia, Iowa, and Missouri. A historic record exists for Choctaw County, Oklahoma. The plant has not been observed in Oklahoma in the past 150 years. The major factor in the decline of the eastern prairie fringed orchid has been a loss of habitat due to grazing, fire suppression, and agricultural conversion.

Description

Platanthera leucophaea arises from a fleshy tuber. The plant can grow up to three feet (91 cm) tall. The leaves are long and thin.[10]

The inflorescence is large and showy and may have up to 40 white flowers. It is distinguished from Platanthera praeclara, the western prairie fringed orchid, by its smaller flowers (less than one inch (2.5 cm) long), more oval petals, and a shorter nectar spur.[10]

The eastern prairie fringed orchid is a long-lived perennial. Its tuberous rootstalk helps it survive grass fires. Fires and rain stimulate the plant to grow and flower. The plant emerges each year in May and flowering begins by late June. The flowers are pollinated at night by large sphinx moths. Certain night-flying insects that are attracted to the orchid's fragrance are able to obtain its nectar with their long probosces. Others cannot because of the flower's long, narrow, oddly positioned nectar spur.[10]

References

  1. ^ a b Treher, A.; Sharma, J.; Frances, A.; Poff, K. (2015). "Platanthera leucophaea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T64176760A64176769. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T64176760A64176769.en. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  2. ^ NatureServe (7 April 2023). "Platanthera leucophaea". NatureServe Network Biodiversity Location Data accessed through NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia: NatureServe. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  3. ^ Nuttall, Thomas 1835. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, new series 5(6[2]): 161
  4. ^ The Plant List Platanthera leucophaea (Nutt.) Lindl.
  5. ^ Tropicos, Orchis leucophaea Nutt.
  6. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Platanthera leucophaea". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 7 October 2015.
  7. ^ "Eastern prairie fringed orchid (Platanthera leucophaea)". Environmental Conservation Online System. U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  8. ^ 54 FR 39857
  9. ^ "Eastern Prairie Fringed Orchid (Platanthera leucophaea)". Species at risk public registry. Government of Canada. 2 February 2021. Retrieved 27 April 2023.
  10. ^ a b c Flora of North America: Platanthera leucophaea

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Platanthera leucophaea: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Platanthera leucophaea, commonly known as the prairie white fringed orchid or eastern prairie fringed orchid, is a rare species of orchid native to North America. It is a federally threatened species, protected since October 30, 1989 under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. In Canada, it has been listed endangered under Schedule 1 of the Species at Risk Act since 2005. In 2014, the International Union for Conservation of Nature assessed it as "least concern."

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Platanthera leucophaea ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Platanthera leucophaea es una especie de orquídea terrestre perteneciente a la familia Orchidaceae. Es una rara orquídea nativa de América del Norte. Si bien es clasificada como una especie amenazada en los Estados Unidos, la UICN no reconoce como está en situación de riesgo.

Descripción

P. leucophaea emerge de un tubérculocarnoso y puede crecer hasta (91 cm) de altura. La inflorescencia es grande y vistosa y puede tener hasta 40 flores blancas. Las hojas son largas y delgadas. Se distingue de Platanthera praeclara, en las praderas de la zona occidental bordeadas de orquídeas, por su menor tamaño (menos de 2,5 cm de largo), más los pétalos ovalados y con un espolón de néctar. Su tubérculo le ayuda a sobrevivir después de incendios. Los incendios y la lluvia estimula a la planta a crecer y florecer, surgiendo cada año en mayo con la floración que se inicia a finales de junio. Las flores son polinizadas por la noche por las grandes polillas esfinge.

Distribución y hábitat

P. leucophaea se producen al este del Río Mississippi y en Iowa y Misuri. Poblaciones aisladas se encuentran en Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Maine, Míchigan, Nueva York, Ohio, Virginia, Wisconsin, y Ontario en Canadá. Un registro histórico existe para Choctaw County en Oklahoma donde no se ha vuelto a localizar en los últimos 150 años.

Taxonomía

Platanthera leucophaea fue descrito por (Nutt.) Lindl. y publicado en The Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants 294. 1835.[1]

Etimología

Platanthera: nombre genérico que procede del griego y significa "antera amplia" refiriéndose a la separación de la base de los loculos polínicos.

leucophaea: epíteto latíno que significa "amarillo grisáceo".[2]

Sinonimia
  • Orchis leucophaea Nutt. (1837) basónimo
  • Habenaria leucophaea (Nutt.) A. Gray (1867)
  • Blephariglottis leucophaea (Nutt.) Rydb. (1901)
  • Fimbriella leucophaea (Nutt.) Butzin (1981)[3]

Referencias

  1. «Platanthera leucophaea». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. Consultado el 30 de mayo de 2012.
  2. En Epítetos Botánicos
  3. Platanthera leucophaea en PlantList

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Platanthera leucophaea: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

provided by wikipedia ES

Platanthera leucophaea es una especie de orquídea terrestre perteneciente a la familia Orchidaceae. Es una rara orquídea nativa de América del Norte. Si bien es clasificada como una especie amenazada en los Estados Unidos, la UICN no reconoce como está en situación de riesgo.

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Platanthera leucophaea ( French )

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Platanthera leucophaea est une espèce d'orchidées du genre Platanthera présente en Amérique du Nord.

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Platanthera leucophaea ( Vietnamese )

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Platanthera leucophaea là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Lan. Loài này được (Nutt.) Lindl. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1835.[1]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Platanthera leucophaea. Truy cập ngày 7 tháng 6 năm 2013.

Liên kết ngoài


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết tông Lan này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Platanthera leucophaea: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Platanthera leucophaea là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Lan. Loài này được (Nutt.) Lindl. miêu tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1835.

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Platanthera leucophaea ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Царство: Растения
Подцарство: Зелёные растения
Отдел: Цветковые
Надпорядок: Lilianae
Порядок: Спаржецветные
Семейство: Орхидные
Подсемейство: Орхидные
Род: Любка
Вид: Platanthera leucophaea
Международное научное название

Platanthera leucophaea (Nutt.) Lindl., 1835

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ITIS 43431NCBI 2071962EOL 1134386GRIN t:320124IPNI 651806-1TPL kew-157233

Platanthéra leucophaéa (лат.)вид цветковых растений, входящий в род Любка (Platanthera) семейства Орхидные (Orchidaceae).

Распространена на северо-востоке Северной Америки.

Ботаническое описание

Многолетнее травянистое растение, иногда достигающее 100 см в высоту. Стебель полый, зелёный, голый. Листья в числе 3—9, до 20 см длиной и около 1,5—3,5 см шириной, ланцетовидной, узколанцетовидной или яйцевидно-ланцетовидной формы.

Соцветиеколос 8—20 см длиной, разреженный до довольно густого. Цветки приметные, декоративные, ароматные, белого цвета, с прицветниками до 5 см длиной. Боковые чашелистики оттопыренные. Лепестки обратнояйцевидой, реже вееровидной формы, с изорванно-бахромчатым краем. Губа разделена на три вееровидные бахромчатые лопасти, шпорец 28—47 мм длиной, тонкий, с утолщением на конце.

Диплоидный набор хромосом — 2n = 42.

Распространение

Охранный статус NatureServe
Status TNC G2 ru.svg

Находящиеся под угрозой
Imperiled: Platanthera leucophaea

Platanthera leucophaea распространена на северо-востоке Северной Америки, произрастает по прериям, по болотам и берегам озёр, по заброшенным полям. На севере ареал заходит в Онтарио, на юге — в Иллинойс и Миссури, на востоке — в Пенсильванию и Мэн. В Оклахоме и Нью-Йорке, откуда также известна, по-видимому, больше не встречается.

Таксономия

Синонимы

  • Blephariglottis leucophaea (Nutt.) Rydb., 1901
  • Fimbriella leucophaea (Nutt.) Butzin, 1981
  • Habenaria leucophaea (Nutt.) A.Gray, 1867
  • Orchis leucophaea Nutt., 1835basionym

Примечания

  1. Об условности указания класса однодольных в качестве вышестоящего таксона для описываемой в данной статье группы растений см. раздел «Системы APG» статьи «Однодольные».
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Platanthera leucophaea: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию

Platanthéra leucophaéa (лат.) — вид цветковых растений, входящий в род Любка (Platanthera) семейства Орхидные (Orchidaceae).

Распространена на северо-востоке Северной Америки.

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Авторы и редакторы Википедии