Česnek stopečkatý (Allium stipitatum Regel) je druh jednoděložné rostliny z čeledi amarylkovitých.
Jedná se o vytrvalou cca 100–150 cm vysokou rostlinu s podzemní cibulí, která je kulovitá žlutá s opadavými šupinami, asi 3–6 cm v průměru [1],[2]. Lodyha je lysá, listů je 4-6. Listy jsou přisedlé, čepele jsou čárkovité až široce čárkovité, až 5 cm cm široké, na rubu na žilkách a na okraji výrazně brvité. Květy jsou uspořádány do květenství, jedná se o lichookolík (stažený šroubel), který je kulovitý. Tyčinky jsou asi stejně dlouhé jako okvětí. Okvětní lístky jsou červenofialové. Plodem je tobolka.
Druh má svoji domovinu ve střední Asii, v Pákistánu a Afghánistánu[2].
V ČR to je nepůvodní druh. Je často pěstován jako okrasná rostlina.[1]
Česnek stopečkatý
Česnek stopečkatý (Allium stipitatum Regel) je druh jednoděložné rostliny z čeledi amarylkovitých.
Allium stipitatum, Persian shallot,[4] is an Asian species of onion native to central and southwestern Asia.
Some sources regard Allium stipitatum and A. hirtifolium as the same species,[3] while others treat A. stipitatum and A. hirtifolium as distinct.[5] Allium stipitatum in the more inclusive sense occurs in Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan.[3]
The epithet stipitatum means 'with a little stalk' referring to the ovary.[6]
Allium stipitatum grows from bulbs, 3 to 6 cm in diameter, which have blackish, paper-like tunics. The 4–6 basal leaves are broad, green to greyish green in colour, and variably hairy. The leaves are normally withered by the time the bulb flowers. Flowers are borne on stems which are 60–150 cm (24–59 in) tall and arranged in an umbel (a structure where the individual flowers are attached to a central point). The umbels are some 8–12 cm (3.1–4.7 in) in diameter, relatively small compared to the tall stems, hence the description 'drumstick allium'. Individual flowers, of which there are many, are a typical allium shape, with a superior ovary and six tepals of a lilac to purple colour, around 2.5 to 5 cm long; white forms are known.
Plants grow on rocky slopes and in fields at elevations of 1,500–2,500 m (4,900–8,200 ft).[5][7] It is a typical 'drumstick allium', with a more-or-less spherical umbel on a tall stipe, and as such has often been confused with other similar species.[6]
Bulbs of Allium stipitatum are eaten in Iran, where they are called موسیر (pronounced /muːˈsiːɾ/). They grow wild across the Zagros Mountains.[4] Most of those eaten are harvested from the wild, sliced, dried, and sold at markets. Buyers will often soak the shallots for a number of days then boil them to obtain a milder flavour. They are often crushed and mixed with yogurt. Iranians enjoy yogurt in this way, especially in restaurants and kebab-saras where just kebabs are served.
Iranian plants are among those referred to as A. hirtifolium, when distinguished from A. stipitatum.[8]
Mathew describes this species as "stately", and the easiest to grow of the tall alliums, flowering in about four years when grown from seed.[7] In keeping with the wild habitat of the species, when grown for ornament, well-drained, sunny conditions are recommended.[5] Care is needed in placing all the drumstick alliums, since their withered leaves are unattractive at flowering time. Davies notes that "as a bonus numerous offsets are produced";[6] this has the potential to make the species invasive when grown in borders.
The cultivars ‘Mount Everest’[9] and ‘Violet Beauty’[10] have gained the Royal Horticultural Society’s Award of Garden Merit.
Allium stipitatum is used as a medicinal plant in Central Asia. Extracts of the bulbs of the plant, which showed activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, were found to contain several pyridine-N-oxide derivatives. Analysis of the cut plant using a mass spectrometer equipped with a DART ion source showed the presence of N-hydroxypyridine-2-thione, also known as pyrithione, a compound which is moderately cytotoxic toward human tumour cell lines, and highly active against fungi and Gram-negative bacteria. Pyrithione-containing plant extracts are used in herbal medicine for treatment of malaria. Zinc pyrithione is used in commercial anti-dandruff shampoos.[11][12][13][14]
Media related to Allium stipitatum at Wikimedia Commons
Allium stipitatum, Persian shallot, is an Asian species of onion native to central and southwestern Asia.
Some sources regard Allium stipitatum and A. hirtifolium as the same species, while others treat A. stipitatum and A. hirtifolium as distinct. Allium stipitatum in the more inclusive sense occurs in Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan.
The epithet stipitatum means 'with a little stalk' referring to the ovary.
Allium stipitatum adalah spesies tumbuhan yang tergolong ke dalam famili Amaryllidaceae. Spesies ini juga merupakan bagian dari ordo Asparagales. Spesies Allium stipitatum sendiri merupakan bagian dari genus bawang Allium.[1] Nama ilmiah dari spesies ini pertama kali diterbitkan oleh Regel.
Allium stipitatum adalah spesies tumbuhan yang tergolong ke dalam famili Amaryllidaceae. Spesies ini juga merupakan bagian dari ordo Asparagales. Spesies Allium stipitatum sendiri merupakan bagian dari genus bawang Allium. Nama ilmiah dari spesies ini pertama kali diterbitkan oleh Regel.
Lo scalogno persiano (Allium stipitatum Regel, 1881) è una specie della famiglia Amaryllidaceae[1], diffusa dalla Turchia al Pakistan.[2]
Scalogni persiani
Lo scalogno persiano (Allium stipitatum Regel, 1881) è una specie della famiglia Amaryllidaceae, diffusa dalla Turchia al Pakistan.
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Allium stipitatum Regel – gatunek byliny należący do rodziny amarylkowatych (Allioideae Herbert). Występuje naturalnie na obszarze od południowo-wschodniej części Turcji przez Iran aż po Pakistan[3]. Według innych źródeł jest obecny także w Azji Środkowej i Afganistanie[4].
W Polsce uznawany za roślinę ozdobną, w Iranie stosowany jako przyprawa[5].
Naturalnymi siedliskami są wilgotne łąki[4].
Allium stipitatum Regel – gatunek byliny należący do rodziny amarylkowatych (Allioideae Herbert). Występuje naturalnie na obszarze od południowo-wschodniej części Turcji przez Iran aż po Pakistan. Według innych źródeł jest obecny także w Azji Środkowej i Afganistanie.
W Polsce uznawany za roślinę ozdobną, w Iranie stosowany jako przyprawa.
Allium stipitatum là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Amaryllidaceae. Loài này được Regel mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1881.[2]
Bài viết liên quan đến phân họ Hành này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Allium stipitatum là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Amaryllidaceae. Loài này được Regel mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1881.
Allium stipitatum Regel
Лук стебе́льчатый (лат. Allium stipitatum) — многолетнее травянистое растение, вид рода Лук (Allium) семейства Луковые (Alliaceae).
В природе ареал вида охватывает Памиро-Алай. Эндемик.
Произрастает на мягких склонах в среднем поясе гор.
Луковица одиночная, крупная, гладкая, сплюснуто-шаровидная, диаметром 3—6 см; оболочки бумагообразные, черноватые, скрывающие луковичку. Стебель высотой 60—150 см, гладкий.
Листья в числе четырёх—шести, шириной 2—4 см, ремневидные, по краю гладкие, снизу волосистые, реже почти голые.
Цветоножки в три—шесть раз длиннее околоцветника, почти равные, при основании без прицветников. Листочки звёздчатого околоцветника сиреневые, с заметной жилкой, от основания постепенно суженные, острые, позднее вниз отогнутые, скрученные, длиной около 9 мм. Нити тычинок равны листочкам околоцветника, при основании с околоцветником сросшиеся, выше между собой спаянные в кольцо, постепенно шиловидные. Завязь на короткой ножке, шероховатая.
Коробочка сплюснуто-шаровидная, диаметром около 5 мм.
Вид Лук стебельчатый входит в род Лук (Allium) семейства Луковые (Alliaceae) порядка Спаржецветные (Asparagales).
Лук стебельчатый
Лук стебе́льчатый (лат. Allium stipitatum) — многолетнее травянистое растение, вид рода Лук (Allium) семейства Луковые (Alliaceae).
무시르(페르시아어: موسیر, 학명: Allium stipitatum 알리움 스티피타툼[*])는 부추속의 여러해살이풀이다. 페르시아셜롯(Persian shallot)이라 부르기도 하지만, 셜롯과는 다른 식물이다.
중앙아시아, 서남아시아 및 남아시아에 분포한다.[2] 아프가니스탄, 우즈베키스탄, 키르기스스탄, 타지키스탄 파키스탄이 원산지이다.[2]
이란에서는 무시르가 여러 가지 요리에 쓰인다. 갈아서 걸쭉한 발효유에 섞은 음식은 구이 요리나 케밥 등에 곁들인다. 식초에 절여 토르시로 먹기도 한다. 들에 자라는 무시르를 수확한 뒤 말려서 쓰기도 하며, 무시르를 물에 담가 두었다가 끓여 향을 순하게 하기도 한다.
무시르
