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Distribution

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Continent: Middle-America North-America
Distribution: USA (California), Mexico (Baja California)
Type locality: California (including Baja California), restricted to southern Baja California del Sur (Cabo San Lucas) by Smith and Taylor (1950); restriction accepted by Cole and Hardy (1981).
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Western black-headed snake

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The western black-headed snake (Tantilla planiceps), also known as the California black-headed snake,[2] is a snake species endemic to the Californias (the U.S. State of California and the Baja California Peninsula in Mexico), as north as the San Francisco Bay and as far east as western Utah, and Texas. [3][4][5] It lives in mostly moist pockets in mostly arid or semiarid environments and spends much of its life underground. It has a flattened head as most crevice-dwellers and is seven to fifteen inches in size. It is brown, slender, olive-gray, with a black head bordered by a white collar. Its habitat is often in woodland, desert areas, grassland and along arroyos in areas that are wet in a usually dry region.[6][7][8]

The western black-headed snake is a member of a larger natural group of small New World terrestrial colubrids, where some of the related species include sand snake (Chilomeniscus), shovel-nosed snake (Chionactis), and the ground snake (Sonora). The western black-headed snake is the sister species of Tantilla yaquia of southern Arizona.[9][10] They are also related to Tantilla gracilis, Tantilla atriceps, Tantilla hobartsmithi and Tantilla nigriceps, all species endemic to the southwestern United States. It is visually similar to the southwestern black-headed snake (T. hobartsmithi).[11] Although they usually appear singly or in pairs, as many as six individual snakes have been observed together. They prey on arthropods, particularly centipedes and beetle larvae, as well as spiders, insects, slugs, and earthworms. They are highly secretive and rarely seen, spending much time under objects, especially during daytime.[12][13][14]

Sources

  1. ^ Hollingsworth, B., Frost, D. R. & Hammerson, G. A. 2007. Tantilla planiceps. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 19 February 2016.
  2. ^ Wrobel, Murray (2004). Elsevier's Dictionary of Reptiles. Elsevier. Page 469. ISBN 9780080459202.
  3. ^ Bartlett, Richard D. and Alan Tennant (2000). Snakes of North America: Western Region. Gulf Publishing. Pages 50-51. ISBN 9780877193128.
  4. ^ Shaw, Charles E. and Sheldon Campbell (1974). Snakes of the American West. Knopf. Page 264. ISBN 9780394488820.
  5. ^ Basey, Harold E. (1976). Discovering Sierra Reptiles and Amphibians. YOSEMITE ASSN. Page 44. ISBN 9780939666034.
  6. ^ Stebbins, Robert Cyril (1972). Amphibians and Reptiles of California. University of California Press. Pages 130-131. ISBN 9780520020900.
  7. ^ Stebbins, Robert C. (1985). A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians: Field Marks of All Species in Western North America, Including Baja California. Houghton Mifflin. Page 158. ISBN 9780395936115.
  8. ^ Schoenherr, Allan A. (1992). A Natural History of California. University of California Press. Page 524. ISBN 9780520909915.
  9. ^ Grismer, L. Lee. (2002). Amphibians and Reptiles of Baja California, Including Its Pacific Islands and the Islands in the Sea of Cortés. University of California Press. Page 307. ISBN 9780520925205.
  10. ^ Stoops, Erik D. and Annette Wright (1993). Snakes and Other Reptiles of the Southwest. Golden West Publishers. Page 27. ISBN 9780914846796.
  11. ^ Stebbins, Robert C. (1985). A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians: Field Marks of All Species in Western North America, Including Baja California. Houghton Mifflin. Page 218. ISBN 9780395936115.
  12. ^ Miller, Alden Holmes and Robert Cyril Stebbins (1964). The Lives of Desert Animals in Joshua Tree National Monument. University of California Press. Page 425. ISBN 9780520008663.
  13. ^ Stebbins, Robert Cyril (1974). Reptiles and Amphibians of the San Francisco Bay Region. University of California Press. Page 48. ISBN 9780520012110.
  14. ^ Stebbins, Robert Cyril (1972). Amphibians and Reptiles of California. University of California Press. Page 5. ISBN 9780520020900.
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Western black-headed snake: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

The western black-headed snake (Tantilla planiceps), also known as the California black-headed snake, is a snake species endemic to the Californias (the U.S. State of California and the Baja California Peninsula in Mexico), as north as the San Francisco Bay and as far east as western Utah, and Texas. It lives in mostly moist pockets in mostly arid or semiarid environments and spends much of its life underground. It has a flattened head as most crevice-dwellers and is seven to fifteen inches in size. It is brown, slender, olive-gray, with a black head bordered by a white collar. Its habitat is often in woodland, desert areas, grassland and along arroyos in areas that are wet in a usually dry region.

The western black-headed snake is a member of a larger natural group of small New World terrestrial colubrids, where some of the related species include sand snake (Chilomeniscus), shovel-nosed snake (Chionactis), and the ground snake (Sonora). The western black-headed snake is the sister species of Tantilla yaquia of southern Arizona. They are also related to Tantilla gracilis, Tantilla atriceps, Tantilla hobartsmithi and Tantilla nigriceps, all species endemic to the southwestern United States. It is visually similar to the southwestern black-headed snake (T. hobartsmithi). Although they usually appear singly or in pairs, as many as six individual snakes have been observed together. They prey on arthropods, particularly centipedes and beetle larvae, as well as spiders, insects, slugs, and earthworms. They are highly secretive and rarely seen, spending much time under objects, especially during daytime.

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Tantilla planiceps ( Basque )

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Tantilla planiceps Tantilla generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Colubridae familian sailkatuta dago.

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2. www.iucnredlist.org. 2012ko urriaren 20an eskuratua.
  2. The Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life

Ikus, gainera

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Tantilla planiceps: Brief Summary ( Basque )

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Tantilla planiceps Tantilla generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Colubridae familian sailkatuta dago.

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Tantilla planiceps ( French )

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Tantilla planiceps est une espèce de serpents de la famille des Colubridae[1].

Répartition

Cette espèce se rencontre[1] :

Description

C'est un serpent ovipare[1].

Publication originale

  • Blainville, 1835 : Description de quelques espèces de reptiles de la Californie précédée de l’analyse d’un système général d’herpétologie et d’amphibologie. Nouvelles Annales du Museum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, vol. 4, p. 232-296 (texte intégral).

Notes et références

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Tantilla planiceps: Brief Summary ( French )

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Tantilla planiceps est une espèce de serpents de la famille des Colubridae.

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Tantilla planiceps ( Polish )

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Tantilla planicepsgatunek węża z rodziny połozowatych.

Systematyka

Taksonomowie wprowadzili pewne zmiany w klasyfikacji: zmniejszyli zakres nazwy T, palniceps, wyjmując z niej uprzednio zaliczane do tego gatunku Tantilla hobartsmithi, Tantilla atriceps i Tantilla yaquia. Z kolei włączono doń Tantilla eiseni, nie zgadzając się na przyznanie tej ostatniej rangi osobnego gatunku[2].

Lepidozaury te zaliczane są do rodziny połozowatych[2], do której zaliczano je od dawna. Starsze źródła również umieszczają Tantilla w tej samej rodzinie Colubridae. Używają jednak dawniejszej polskojęzycznej nazwy wężowate czy też węże właściwe, poza tym Colubridae zaliczają do infrapodrzędu Caenophidia, czyli węży wyższych. W obrębie rodziny rodzaj Tantilla należy do podrodziny Colubrinae[3].

Rozmieszczenie geograficzne

Tantilla planiceps zasiedla Kalifornię w Stanach Zjednoczonych Ameryki oraz Meksyk[2].

Habitaty, w których bytuje, obejmują tereny trawiaste, porośnięte krzakami tereny nadmorskie, cierniste krzewy, chaparral, lasy sosnowo-dębowe, skraje pustyń, tereny kamieniste[2].

Zagrożenia i ochrona

Liczebność węża nie została dokładnie oszacowana. Przekracza on 10000, a być może i 100000, utrzymując się na stabilnym poziomie[2].

Przypisy

  1. Tantilla planiceps, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. a b c d e f Tantilla planiceps. Czerwona księga gatunków zagrożonych (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species) (ang.).
  3. Systematyka gadów. W: Hanna Dobrowolska: gady. Warszawa: Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, 1981, s. 476-477, seria: zwierzęta świata. ISBN 83-01-00957-8.
p d e
Węże (Serpentes) Scolecophidia Kingbrownsnake.jpgAlethinophidia
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Tantilla planiceps: Brief Summary ( Polish )

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Tantilla planiceps – gatunek węża z rodziny połozowatych.

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Tantilla planiceps ( Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan )

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Tantilla planiceps[2] este o specie de șerpi din genul Tantilla, familia Colubridae, descrisă de Blainville 1835.[3][4] A fost clasificată de IUCN ca specie cu risc scăzut.[1] Conform Catalogue of Life specia Tantilla planiceps nu are subspecii cunoscute.[3]

Referințe

  1. ^ a b Tantilla planiceps. Lista roșie a speciilor periclitate IUCN. Versiunea 2012.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. 2007. Accesat în 24 octombrie 2012.
  2. ^ Blainville, Henri Marie Ducrotay de (1835) Description de quelques espèces de reptiles de la Californie précédée de l’analyse d’un système général d’herpétologie et d’amphbiologie., Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris 4: 232-296
  3. ^ a b Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (2011). „Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. Accesat în 24 september 2012. Verificați datele pentru: |access-date= (ajutor)Mentenanță CS1: Nume multiple: lista autorilor (link)
  4. ^ TIGR Reptile Database . Uetz P. , 2007-10-02


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Tantilla planiceps: Brief Summary ( Romanian; Moldavian; Moldovan )

provided by wikipedia RO

Tantilla planiceps este o specie de șerpi din genul Tantilla, familia Colubridae, descrisă de Blainville 1835. A fost clasificată de IUCN ca specie cu risc scăzut. Conform Catalogue of Life specia Tantilla planiceps nu are subspecii cunoscute.

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Tantilla planiceps ( Vietnamese )

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Tantilla planiceps là một loài rắn trong họ Rắn nước. Loài này được Blainville mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1835.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ Tantilla planiceps. The Reptile Database. Truy cập ngày 29 tháng 5 năm 2013.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan phân họ rắn Colubrinae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Tantilla planiceps: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

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Tantilla planiceps là một loài rắn trong họ Rắn nước. Loài này được Blainville mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1835.

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