Callionima Lucas, 1857 è un genere di lepidotteri appartenente alla famiglia Sphingidae, diffuso in America settentrionale, centrale e meridionale.
Descrizione
Morfologicamente appare simile al genere Madoryx, da cui si differenzia per la presenza di un appuntito ciuffo anale e per la colorazione più chiara. L'ala anteriore ha un margine più convesso e arrotondato rispetto a Madoryx, mentre l'ala posteriore presenta un apice fortemente acuminato. Lo stigma discocellulare è di norma singolo e argentato, e ricorda la forma di una pipa (D'Abrera, 1986).
Distribuzione e habitat
La distribuzione è prevalentemente neotropicale e solo in parte neartica, passando dal sud degli Stati Uniti al Messico centrale, fino alla Bolivia, al Brasile e alla Terra del Fuoco.
L'habitat preferenziale risulta essere la foresta tropicale o subtropicale. Le abitudini sono prevalentemente notturne.
Tassonomia
Specie
Il genere si suddivide in tredici specie (D'Abrera, 1986; Kitching & Cadiou, 2000):
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Callionima acuta (Rothschild & Jordan, 1910)
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Callionima calliomenae (Schaufuss, 1870)
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Callionima denticulata (Schaus, 1895)
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Callionima falcifera (Gehlen, 1943)
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Callionima gracilis (Jordan, 1923)
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Callionima grisescens (Rothschild, 1894)
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Callionima guiarti (Debauche, 1934)
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Callionima inuus (Rothschild & Jordan, 1903)
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Callionima juliane Eitschberger, 2000
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Callionima nomius (Walker, 1856)
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Callionima pan (Cramer, 1779)
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Callionima parce (Fabricius, 1775) - specie tipo (Sphinx parce Fabricius, 1775)
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Callionima ramsdeni (Clark, 1920)
Sinonimi
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Calliomma Walker,, 1856
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Eucheryx Boisduval,, 1875
Alcune specie
Bibliografia
- Boisduval, Jean-Alphonse, 1870 - Considérations sur des lépidoptères envoyés du Guatemala à M. de l'Orza; Oberthur et fils (Rennes)
- Boisduval, Jean-Alphonse, 1875 - Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species Général des Lépidoptéres Hétérocéres. Tome Premier. Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. Hétérocères, 1 : 1-568, pl. 1-11
- Burmeister, 1879 - Description physique de la République Argentine d'après des observations personelles et étrangeres Descr. phys. Rép. Arg. 5, Atlas (1): 1-40, pl. 1-13 (1879) (2): 41-60, pl. 14-24 (1880) (3): 61-64, pl. [25] ([1881])
- Butler, 1876 - Revision of the heterocerous Lepidoptera of the family Sphingidae Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. 9 (19) : 511-644, pl. 90-94.
- Butler, 1877 - Revision of the heterocerous Lepidoptera of the family Sphingidae Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. 9 (19) : 511-644, pl. 90-94
- Bönninghausen, 1899 - Beitrag zur Kenntniss der Lepidopteren-Fauna von Rio de Janeiro, Tribus Sphingidae Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 12 (1) : 107-136, pl. 3
- Cary, 1963 - Reports on the Margaret M. Cary and Carnegie Museum Expedition to Baja California, Mexico, 1961. 2. The Family Sphingidae Ann. Carn. Mus. 36: 193-204
- Clark, 1920 - Sixteen new Sphingidae Proc. New England Zool. Club 7 : 65-78
- Cramer, [1779] - Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 3 (17-21): 1-104, pl. 193-252 (1779) (22): 105-128, pl. 253-264 ([1780]) (23-24): 129-176, pl. 265-288 (1780)
- D'Abrera, Bernard, 1986 - Sphingidae mundi; Hawk Moths of the World. 226 pp.; E.W. Classey, Faringdon; ISBN 086096-022-6
- Druce in Godman & Salvin, 1881; Godman & Salvin, 1881 - Biologia Centrali-Americana; or Contributions to the Knowledge of the Fauna of Mexico and Central America. Zoology. Lepidoptera. Heterocera Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Heterocera 1: 1-490 3: pl. 1-101
- Drury, 1773 - Illustrations of natural history; wherein are exhibited ... Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Insects 2 : 1-90, pl. 1-50
- Eitschberger, 2000 - Eine neue Art der Gattung Callionima Lucas, 1857 aus Peru Atalanta 31 (3/4): 493-496
- Eitschberger, 2001 - Die Gattung Callionima Lucas, 1857 Neue Ent. Nachr. 51: 153-224
- Fabricius, 1775 - Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus. Syst. Ent.: 832 pp
- Felder, 1874; R. Felder, [1874] - Reise der österreichischen Fregatte Novara um die Erde in den Jahren 1857, 1858, 1859 unter den Behilfen des Commodore B. von Wüllerstorf-Urbair. Zoologischer Theil. Band 2. Abtheilung 2. Lepidoptera. Rhopalocera Reise Fregatte Novara, Bd 2 (Abth. 2) (1): 1-136, pl. 1-21 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, [1865]) (2): 137-378, pl. 22-47 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, 1865) (3): 379-536, pl. 48-74 (Rhop.) (C. & R. Felder, 1867) (4): 537-548, pl. 75-120, (Inhalts-Verz.) 1-9 (pl. 1-74), (Rhop./Het.) (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1874) (5): pl. 121-140, (erklärung) 1-10 (pl. 75-107), (Inhalts-Vers.) 1-20 (pl. 108-140), (Het.) (Felder & Rogenhofer, 1875).
- (DE) Freina, J. de & Witt, T. J., Die Bombyces und Sphinges der Westpalaearktis (Insecta, Lepidoptera), Band 1, Monaco, Edition Forschung & Wissenschaft Verlag GmbH, 1987, pp. 708; 46 tavv., ISBN 3926285001, OCLC 60026319.
- Hodges, Ronald W., 1971 - The Moths of America North of Mexico; Fascicle 21; SPHINGOIDEA
- Jordan, 1923 - Über einige alte und neue Sphingiden (Lep.) Ent. Mitt. 12 (1): 51-57
- Kirby, 1892 - A synonymic catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (Moths). Sphinges and Bombyces Synonymic Cat. Lepid. Heterocera 1 : 1-951
- Kitching & Cadiou, 2000 - Hawkmoths of the World; An annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). 256 PP.; Comstock Publishing Associates; ISBN 978-0-8014-3734-2
- (EN) Kükenthal, W. (Ed.), Handbuch der Zoologie / Handbook of Zoology, Band 4: Arthropoda - 2. Hälfte: Insecta - Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies, in Kristensen, N. P. (a cura di), Handbuch der Zoologie, Fischer, M. (Scientific Editor), Teilband/Part 35: Volume 1: Evolution, systematics, and biogeography, Berlino, New York, Walter de Gruyter, 1999 [1998], pp. x + 491, ISBN 978-3-11-015704-8, OCLC 174380917.
- Landman Wijbren, 2001 - The Complete Encyclopedia of Moths. 272 pp.; Grange Books; ISBN 1-84013-409-7
- Lewis, H. L., 1974 - Butterflies of the World; ISBN 0-245-52097-X
- Lucas, 1857 - Historia física política y natural de la Isla de Cuba. (Lepidópteros) in Sagra, Hist. fis. pol. nat. Isla Cuba (2) 7 : 474-750, pl. 14-17 (French Edition) (1857) 202-313, pl. 14-17 (1857)
- Opler Paul, Pavulaan Harry, Stanford Ray, Pogue Michael - Butterflies and Moths of North America; Mountain Prairie Information Node
- Opler & Warren, 2003 - Butterflies of North America. 2. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico.
- Perty, Maximilian, 1833 - Delectus Animalium Articulatorum quae in itinere per Brasiliam Annis MDCCCXVII - MDCCCXX Iussu et Auspiciis Maximiliani Josephi I. Bavariae Regis Augustissimi, percato collegerunt Dr J. B. de Spix et Dr. C. F. Ph. de Martius. (1830- 1834).
- Rothschild, 1894 - Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species Novit. Zool. 1 (1) : 65-98, pl. 5-7
- Rotschild & Jordan, 1903 - A revision of the lepidopterous family Sphingidae; London, Aylesbury, Printed by Hazell, Watson & Viney, Ld;
- Schaus, 1895 - Some notes on American Sphingidae Ent. News 6 (5) : 141-144
- (EN) Scoble, M. J., The Lepidoptera: Form, Function and Diversity, seconda edizione, London, Oxford University Press & Natural History Museum, 2011 [1992], pp. xi, 404, ISBN 978-0-19-854952-9, LCCN 92004297, OCLC 25282932.
- (EN) Stehr, F. W. (Ed.), Immature Insects, 2 volumi, seconda edizione, Dubuque, Iowa, Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 1991 [1987], pp. ix, 754, ISBN 978-0-8403-3702-3, LCCN 85081922, OCLC 13784377.
- Stoll, 1782 - Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): 29-90, pl. 305-336 (1780) (29-31): 91-164, pl. 337-372 (1781) (32-32): 165-252, 1-29, pl. 373-400 (1782)
- Tuttle James P., 2007 - The Hawkmoths of North America, A Natural History Study of the Sphingidae of the United States and Canada. The Wedge Entomological Research Foundation, Washington DC; ISBN 978-0-9796633-0-7.
- Walker, 1856 - List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 8: 1-271 (1856)
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