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Слика од <i>Gardenia volkensii</i> K. Schum. ssp. <i>spatulifolia</i> (Stapf & Hutch.) Verdc.
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Ixoroideae

Ixoroideae ( англиски )

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Ixoroideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 4000 species in 27 tribes.

Tribes

Classification

Ixoroideae is a subfamily of the family Rubiaceae. Based on both morphological and molecular characters, Rubiaceae has been divided into three subfamilies - Ixoroideae, Cinchonoideae, and Rubioideae. Ixoroideae and Cinchoinoideae are more closely related.[1] Members of Ixoroideae are morphologically diverse so no shared derived characters have been established for its classification. Introduction of molecular analyses to systematics dramatically improved tribal classification within the subfamily.[2] Present tribal classification within this subfamily is mainly supported through molecular analysis of chloroplast DNA.

Cultivation and use

Ixoroideae consists of 27 tribes that include several economically valuable genera. Well-known genera within the subfamily include Ixora and Gardenia, both popular ornamentals, but economic value is centered on the genus Coffea, cultivated for coffee production. Three species are generally used for cultivation - Coffea arabica, Coffea robusta, and Coffea liberica [3]

References

  1. ^ Bremer, B., & Eriksson, T. (2009). Time tree of Rubiaceae: phylogeny and dating the family, subfamilies, and tribes. International journal of plant sciences,170(6), 766-793
  2. ^ Andreasen, K, & Bremer, B. (2000). Combined phylogenetic analysis in the Rubiaceae-Ixoroideae: morphology, nuclear and chloroplast DNA data. American Journal of Botany, 87,1731–1748.
  3. ^ Davis, A. P., Govaerts, R., Bridson, D. M., & Stoffelen, P. (2006). An annotated taxonomic conspectus of the genus Coffea (Rubiaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 152(4), 465-512.

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Ixoroideae: Brief Summary ( англиски )

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Ixoroideae is a subfamily of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae and contains about 4000 species in 27 tribes.

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Ixoroideae ( шпански; кастиљски )

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Ixoroideae es una subfamilia de plantas perteneciente a la familia Rubiaceae. Su representante más conocido por su importancia económica es el cafeto, Coffea arabica.

Tribus y géneros

Tribus en Wikispecies
Tribus en NCBI

Referencias

  • Andreasen, K. & Bremer, B. 2000. Combined phylogenetic analysis in the Rubiaceae-Ixoroideae: morphology, nuclear and chloroplast DNA data. American Journal of Botany 87: 1731-1748.
  • Raf. 1820. Ann. Gén. Sci. Phys. Bruxelles 6: 84.

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Ixoroideae: Brief Summary ( шпански; кастиљски )

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Ixoroideae es una subfamilia de plantas perteneciente a la familia Rubiaceae. Su representante más conocido por su importancia económica es el cafeto, Coffea arabica.

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Ixoroideae ( италијански )

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Ixoroideae Raf. è una sottofamiglia di piante della famiglia delle Rubiaceae.[1][2]

Tassonomia

Basandosi sia sui caratteri morfologici che su quelli molecolari, le Rubiaceae sono state divise in tre sottofamiglie: Ixoroideae, Cinchoinoideae e Ruboideae. Le Ixoroideae e le Cinchoinoideae sono più strettamente correlate.[3] Le piante appartenenti alle Ixoroideae sono morfologicamente diverse così che non sono stati stabiliti caratteri comuni per la loro classificazione. L'introduzione dell'analisi molecolare alla sistematica ha fortemente migliorato la classificazione fra le sottofamiglie.[4] L'attuale classificazione tribale all'interno di questa sottofamiglia è prevalentemente sostenuta dall'analisi molecolare del DNA. I dati molecolari hanno rilevato la presenza di 26 tribù all'interno di questa sottofamiglia, che complessivamente comprendono circa 4000 specie.[1][2]

Tribù

La sottofamiglia Ixoroideae comprende le seguenti tribù:[1][2]

Coltivazione ed usi

Le Ixoroideae contengono alcuni generi di notevole valore economico. Tra i generi ben noti troviamo Ixora e Gardenia, che comprendono piante ornamentali molto popolari. Il valore economico maggiore però si riscontra nel genere Coffea, in particolare le specie Coffea arabica, Coffea canephora e Coffea liberica, coltivate per la produzione del caffè.[6]

Note

  1. ^ a b c (EN) Kainulainen K., Razafimandimbison S.G. & Bremer B., Phylogenetic relationships and new tribal delimitations in subfamily Ixoroideae (Rubiaceae), in Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, vol. 173, 2013, pp. 387-406.
  2. ^ a b c (EN) Mouly A. et al., Phylogenetic structure and clade circumscriptions in the Gardenieae complex (Rubiaceae) (PDF), in Taxon, vol. 63, n. 4, 2014, pp. 801–818.
  3. ^ (EN) Bremer, B., & Eriksson, T. (2009), Time tree of Rubiaceae: phylogeny and dating the family, subfamilies, and tribes, International journal of plant sciences,170(6), 766-793
  4. ^ (EN) K. Andreasen & B. Bremer, (2000), Combined phylogenetic analysis in the Rubiaceae-Ixoroideae: morphology, nuclear and chloroplast DNA data, American Journal of Botany, 87,1731–1748.
  5. ^ "Genera associated with Gardenieae based on morphological characteristics, but not included in a molecular phylogeny so far." vedi Mouly et al. 2014.
  6. ^ (EN) A. P. Davis, R. Govaerts, D. M. Bridson & P. Stoffelen, (2006), An annotated taxonomic conspectus of the genus Coffea (Rubiaceae) , Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 152(4), 465-512.

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Ixoroideae: Brief Summary ( италијански )

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Ixoroideae Raf. è una sottofamiglia di piante della famiglia delle Rubiaceae.

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치자나무아과 ( корејски )

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치자나무아과(梔子--亞科, 학명: Ixoroideae 익소로이데아이[*])는 꼭두서니과아과이다.[1] 27개 족으로 이루어져 있다. 커피나무치자나무 등을 포함하고 있다.

치자나무아과는 꼭두서니과에 속한다. 형태학과 분자생물학적 특성에 의해 치자나무아과(Ixoroideae)와 구슬꽃나무아과(Cinchonoideae), 그리고 꼭두서니아과(Rubioideae)의 3개 아과로 분류하고 있다. 치자나무아과와 꼭두서니아과가 더 밀접한 관련을 갖고 있다.[2]

하위 분류

그레네아족(Greeneeae Mouly, J.Florence & B.Bremer)[3]
  • Greenea Wight & Arn.
레티니필룸족(Retiniphylleae Benth. & Hook.f.)[4]
  • Retiniphyllum Bonpl.
무사인다족(Mussaendeae Benth. & Hook.f.)[5]
  • Bremeria Razafim. & Alejandro
  • Heinsia DC.
  • Landiopsis Capuron ex Bosser
  • Mussaenda Burm. ex L.
  • Neomussaenda Tange
  • Pseudomussaenda Wernham
  • Schizomussaenda H.L.Li
방궤리아족(Vanguerieae A.Rich. ex Dumort.)[6]
  • Afrocanthium (Bridson) Lantz & B.Bremer
  • Bridsonia Verstraete & A.E.van Wyk
  • Bullockia (Bridson) Razafim., Lantz & B.Bremer
  • Canthium Lam.
  • Cuviera DC.
  • Cyclophyllum Hook.f.
  • Eriosemopsis Robyns
  • Everistia S.T.Reynolds & R.J.F.Hend.
  • Fadogia Schweinf.
  • Fadogiella Robyns
  • Glionnetia Tirveng.
  • Globulostylis Wernham
  • Hutchinsonia Robyns
  • Kanapia Arriola & Alejandro
  • Keetia E.Phillips
  • Meyna Roxb. ex Link
  • Multidentia Gilli
  • Peponidium (Baill.) Arènes
  • Perakanthus Robyns ex Ridl.
  • Plectroniella Robyns
  • Psydrax Gaertn.
  • Pygmaeothamnus Robyns
  • Pyrostria Comm. ex A.Juss.
  • Robynsia Hutch.
  • Rytigynia Blume
  • Temnocalyx Robyns
  • Vangueria Juss.
  • Vangueriella Verdc.
  • Vangueriopsis Robyns
베르티에라족(Bertiereae Bridson)[7]
  • Bertiera Aubl.
사비케아족(Sabiceeae A.Stahl)[8]
  • Hekistocarpa Hook.f.
  • Sabicea Aubl.
  • Tamridaea Thulin & B.Bremer
  • Virectaria Bremek.
셰르보우르니아족(Sherbournieae Mouly & B.Bremer)[9]
  • Atractogyne Pierre
  • Mitriostigma Hochst.
  • Oxyanthus DC.
  • Sherbournia G.Don
스키피포라족(Scyphiphoreae Kainul. & B.Bremer)[10]
  • Scyphiphora C.F.Gaertn.
스테니시아족(Steenisieae Kainul. & B.Bremer)[11]
  • Steenisia Bakh.f.
시파네아족(Sipaneeae Bremek.)[12]
  • Chalepophyllum Hook.f.
  • Dendrosipanea Ducke
  • Limnosipanea Hook.f.
  • Maguireothamnus Steyerm.
  • Neblinathamnus Steyerm.
  • Neobertiera Wernham
  • Pteridocalyx Wernham
  • Sipanea Aubl.
  • Sipaneopsis Steyerm.
  • Steyermarkia Standl.
아우구스타족(Augusteae Kainul. & B.Bremer)[13]
  • Augusta Pohl
  • Wendlandia Bartl. ex DC.
아이로스페르마족(Airospermeae Kainul. & B.Bremer)[14]
  • Airosperma K.Schum. & Lauterb.
  • Boholia Merr.
알레이산티아족(Aleisanthieae Mouly, J.Florence & B.Bremer)[15]
  • Aleisanthia Ridl.
  • Aleisanthiopsis Tange
  • Greeniopsis Merr.
알베르타족(Alberteae Sond.)[16]
  • Alberta E.Mey.
  • Nematostylis Hook.f.
  • Razafimandimbisonia Kainul. & B.Bremer
야키아족(Jackieae Korth.)[17]
  • Jackiopsis Ridsdale
옥토트로피스족(Octotropideae Bedd.)[18]
  • Canephora Juss.
  • Chapelieria A.Rich. ex DC.
  • Cowiea Wernham
  • Cremaspora Benth.
  • Feretia Delile
  • Fernelia Comm. ex Lam.
  • Flagenium Baill.
  • Galiniera Delile
  • Gallienia Dubard & Dop
  • Hypobathrum Blume
  • Hyptianthera Wight & Arn.
  • Jovetia Guédès
  • Kraussia Harv.
  • Lamprothamnus Hiern
  • Lemyrea (A.Chev.) A.Chev. & Beille
  • Morindopsis Hook.f.
  • Nargedia Bedd.
  • Octotropis Bedd.
  • Paragenipa Baill.
  • Polysphaeria Hook.f.
  • Pouchetia A.Rich. ex DC.
  • Ramosmania Tirveng. & Verdc.
  • Rhadinopus S.Moore
  • Scyphostachys Thwaites
  • Villaria Rolfe
  • Xantonneopsis Pit.
  • Zuccarinia Blume
익소라족(Ixoreae Benth. & Hook.f.)[19]
  • Ixora L.
치자나무족(Gardenieae A.Rich. ex DC.)[20]
  • 제니팝나무속(Genipa L.)
  • 치자나무속(Gardenia J.Ellis)
  • Adenorandia Vermoesen
  • Aidia Lour.
  • Aidiopsis Tirveng.
  • Alleizettella Pit.
  • Aoranthe Somers
  • Atractocarpus Schltr. & K.Krause
  • Aulacocalyx Hook.f.
  • Benkara Adans.
  • Brachytome Hook.f.
  • Brenania Keay
  • Bungarimba K.M.Wong
  • Burchellia R.Br.
  • Byrsophyllum Hook.f.
  • Calochone Keay
  • Casasia A.Rich.
  • Catunaregam Wolf
  • Ceriscoides (Hook.f.) Tirveng.
  • Coddia Verdc.
  • Deccania Tirveng.
  • Didymosalpinx Keay
  • Dioecrescis Tirveng.
  • Duperrea Pierre ex Pit.
  • Euclinia Salisb.
  • Fosbergia Tirveng. & Sastre
  • Heinsenia K.Schum.
  • Himalrandia T.Yamaz.
  • Hyperacanthus E.Mey. ex Bridson
  • Kailarsenia Tirveng.
  • Kochummenia K.M.Wong
  • Larsenaikia Tirveng.
  • Macrosphyra Hook.f.
  • Mantalania Capuron ex J.-F.Leroy
  • Massularia (K.Schum.) Hoyle
  • Melanoxerus Kainul. & B.Bremer
  • Monosalpinx N.Hallé
  • Morelia A.Rich. ex DC.
  • Oligocodon Keay
  • Oxyceros Lour.
  • Phellocalyx Bridson
  • Pleiocoryne Rauschert
  • Porterandia Ridl.
  • Preussiodora Keay
  • Pseudaidia Tirveng.
  • Pseudomantalania J.-F.Leroy
  • Randia L.
  • Ridsdalea J.T.Pereira & K.M.Wong
  • Rosenbergiodendron Fagerl.
  • Rothmannia Thunb.
  • Rubovietnamia Tirveng.
  • Schumanniophyton Harms
  • Singaporandia K.M.Wong
  • Sphinctanthus Benth.
  • Tamilnadia Tirveng. & Sastre
  • Tarennoidea Tirveng. & Sastre
  • Tocoyena Aubl.
  • Vidalasia Tirveng.
커피나무족(Coffeeae DC.)[21]
  • 커피나무속(Coffea L.)
  • Argocoffeopsis Lebrun
  • Belonophora Hook.f.
  • Calycosiphonia Pierre ex Robbr.
  • Diplospora DC.
  • Discospermum Dalzell
  • Empogona Hook.f.
  • Kupeantha Cheek
  • Nostolachma T.Durand
  • Sericanthe Robbr.
  • Tricalysia A.Rich. ex DC.
코르디에라족(Cordiereae A.Rich. ex DC.)[22]
  • Agouticarpa C.H.Perss.
  • Alibertia A.Rich. ex DC.
  • Amaioua Aubl.
  • Botryarrhena Ducke
  • Cordiera A.Rich. ex DC.
  • Duroia L.f.
  • Glossostipula Lorence
  • Kutchubaea Fisch. ex DC.
  • Melanopsidium Colla
  • Riodocea Delprete
  • Stachyarrhena Hook.f.
  • Stenosepala C.H.Perss.
콘다미네아족(Condamineeae A.Rich.)[23]
  • Alseis Schott
  • Bathysa C.Presl
  • Bothriospora Hook.f.
  • Calycophyllum DC.
  • Capirona Spruce
  • Chimarrhis Jacq.
  • Condaminea DC.
  • Dialypetalanthus Kuhlm.
  • Dioicodendron Steyerm.
  • Dolichodelphys K.Schum. & K.Krause
  • Dolicholobium A.Gray
  • Elaeagia Wedd.
  • Emmenopterys Oliv.
  • Ferdinandusa Pohl
  • Hippotis Ruiz & Pav.
  • Kajewskiella Merr. & L.M.Perry
  • Macbrideina Standl.
  • Macrocnemum P.Browne
  • Mastixiodendron Melch.
  • Mussaendopsis Baill.
  • Parachimarrhis Ducke
  • Pentagonia Benth.
  • Picardaea Urb.
  • Pinckneya Michx.
  • Pogonopus Klotzsch
  • Rustia Klotzsch
  • Schizocalyx Wedd.
  • Simira Aubl.
  • Sommera Schltdl.
  • Tammsia H.Karst.
  • Warszewiczia Klotzsch
  • Wittmackanthus Kuntze
크로솝테릭스족(Crossopterygeae F.White ex Bridson)[24]
  • Crossopteryx Fenzl
트라일리아이독사족(Trailliaedoxeae Kainul. & B.Bremer)[25]
  • Trailliaedoxa W.W.Sm. & Forrest
파베타족(Pavetteae Dumort.)[26]
  • Cladoceras Bremek.
  • Coptosperma Hook.f.
  • Exallosperma De Block
  • Helictosperma De Block
  • Homollea Arènes
  • Kindia Cheek
  • Leptactina Hook.f.
  • Nichallea Bridson
  • Pachystylus K.Schum.
  • Paracephaelis Baill.
  • Pavetta L.
  • Pseudocoptosperma De Block
  • Robbrechtia De Block
  • Rutidea DC.
  • Schizenterospermum Homolle ex Arènes
  • Tarenna Gaertn.
  • Tennantia Verdc.
  • Triflorensia S.T.Reynolds
  • Tulearia De Block
포소퀘리아족(Posoquerieae Delprete)[27]
  • Molopanthera Turcz.
  • Posoqueria Aubl.
헨리퀘지아족(Henriquezieae Benth. & Hook.f.)[28]
  • Gleasonia Standl.
  • Henriquezia Spruce ex Benth.
  • Platycarpum Bonpl.
분류 불확실(incertae sedis)
  • Gardeniopsis Miq.
  • Guihaiothamnus H.S.Lo

계통 분류

꼭두서니과[29]

꼭두서니아과

     

치자나무아과

   

구슬꽃나무아과

       

콥토사펠타족

   

루쿨리아족

     

각주

  1. Rafinesque, Constantine Samuel. Annales Générales des Sciences Physiques 6: 81. 1820.
  2. Bremer, B., & Eriksson, T. (2009). Time tree of Rubiaceae: phylogeny and dating the family, subfamilies, and tribes. International journal of plant sciences,170(6), 766-793
  3. Mouly, Arnaud, Florence, E. Jacques Maria & Bremer, Birgitta. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 96(1): 156. 2009.
  4. Bentham, George & Hooker, Joseph Dalton. Genera Plantarum 2: 9, 20. 1873.
  5. Bentham, George & Hooker, Joseph Dalton. Genera Plantarum 2: 8, 15. 1873.
  6. Richard, Achille. Analyse des Familles des Plantes 32. 1829.
  7. Bridson, Diane Mary. Flora Zambesiaca, Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana 5(3): 386. 2003.
  8. Stahl, Augustin Published In: Estudios sobre [2-6: para] la flora de Puerto-Rico 5: 32. 1887.
  9. Mouly, Arnaud & Bremer, Birgitta. Taxon 63(4): 814. 2014.
  10. Kainulainen, Kent & Bremer, Birgitta. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 173(3): 397. 2013.
  11. Kainulainen, Kent & Bremer, Birgitta. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 173(3): 397. 2013.
  12. Bremekamp, Cornelis Eliza Bertus. Recueil des Travaux Botaniques Néerlandais 31: 252. 1934.
  13. , 2013
  14. Kainulainen, Kent & Bremer, Birgitta. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 173(3): 395. 2013.
  15. Mouly, Arnaud, Florence, E. Jacques Maria & Bremer, Birgitta. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 96(1): 155. 2009.
  16. Sonder, Otto Wilhelm. In: Harvey, William Henry & Sonder, Otto Wilhelm. Flora Capensis 3: 1. 1865.
  17. Korthals, Pieter Willem. Nederlandsch Kruidkundig Archief. Verslangen en Mededelingen der Nederlandsche Botanische Vereeniging 2(2): 196. 1851.
  18. Beddome, Richard Henry. The Flora Sylvatica for Southern India 28: cxxvi, cxxxiv–12. 1873.
  19. Bentham, George & Hooker, Joseph Dalton. Genera Plantarum 2: 9, 22. 1873.
  20. Richard, Achille. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 4: 342, 367. 1830.
  21. Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de. Annales du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle 9: 217. 1807.
  22. Richard, Achille. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 4: 342, 445. 1830.
  23. Richard, Achille. In: Candolle, Augustin Pyramus de. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 4: 342, 445. 1830.
  24. , 2003
  25. Kainulainen, Kent & Bremer, Birgitta. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 173(3): 397. 2013.
  26. Dumortier, Barthélemy Charles Joseph. Analyse des Familles des Plantes 32. 1829.
  27. Delprete, Piero Giuseppe. In: Reitz, Pe. Raulino. Flora Ilustrada Catarinense 1: 23. 2004.
  28. Bentham, George & Hooker, Joseph Dalton. Genera Plantarum 2: 8, 12. 1873.
  29. Bremer, Birgitta; Eriksson, Torsten (2009). “Time Tree of Rubiaceae: Phylogeny and Dating the Family, Subfamilies, and Tribes” (PDF). 《International Journal of Plant Sciences》 (영어) 170 (6): 766–793. doi:10.1086/599077.
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치자나무아과: Brief Summary ( корејски )

добавил wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

치자나무아과(梔子--亞科, 학명: Ixoroideae 익소로이데아이[*])는 꼭두서니과아과이다. 27개 족으로 이루어져 있다. 커피나무치자나무 등을 포함하고 있다.

치자나무아과는 꼭두서니과에 속한다. 형태학과 분자생물학적 특성에 의해 치자나무아과(Ixoroideae)와 구슬꽃나무아과(Cinchonoideae), 그리고 꼭두서니아과(Rubioideae)의 3개 아과로 분류하고 있다. 치자나무아과와 꼭두서니아과가 더 밀접한 관련을 갖고 있다.

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