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Records of Dyssodia papposa from Ontario and from California, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, and Vermont evidently document local, probably ephemeral, introductions. In 1837, C. W. Short noted of D. papposa on a specimen label, "This plant is so abundant, and exhales an odor so unpleasant as to sicken the traveler over the western prairies of Illinois, in autumn."
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- Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Description
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Leaves 15–50 × 10–40 mm overall, ultimate lobes (7–)11–15, 5–20 × 1–3 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy, dotted with oil-glands. Peduncles 1–5(–10) mm. Involucres 6–10 mm. Phyllaries each bearing 1–7 oil-glands. Ray laminae 1.5–2.5 × 1–2 mm. Disc corollas ca. 3 mm. Cypselae3–3.5 mm; pappi 1–3 mm. 2n = 26.
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Synonym
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Tagetes papposa Ventenant, Descr. Pl. Nouv., plate 36. 1801
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Comprehensive Description
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Boebera papposa (Vent.) Rydb.; Britton, Man. 1012. 1901
Tageles papposa Vent. Descr. Cels pi. 36. 1801.
Dyssodia glandulosa Cav. Descr. 202. 1802.
Boebera chrysanthemoides Willd. Sp. PI. 3: 2125. 1804.
Tageles pumila Willd. Sp. PI. 3: 2126, as synonym. 1804.
Boebera glandulosa Pers. Syn. PI. 2: 459. 1807.
Dyssodia chrysanthemoides Lag. Gen. & Sp. Nov. 29. 1816.
Dyssodia papposa Hitchc. Trans. Acad. St. Louis 5: 503. 1891.
A much-branched, ill-scented annual; stem 2-4 dm. high, sparingly pilose or glabrous, striate; leaves mostly opposite, 2-5 cm. long, pinnatifid or bipinnatifid into linear divisions; heads sessile or subsessile; involucre broadly campanulate, about 7 mm. high and 6-8 mm. broad; principal bracts 7-10, elliptic, obtuse, with 3-9 conspicuous elliptic glands; accessory bracts linear, two-thirds as long as the involucre, usually with 2 glands near the base; rayflowers few; ligules oval, inconspicuous, about 1.5 mm. long; disk-corollas 3 mm. long; tube shorter than and hardly differentiated from the cylindric throat; lobes triangular; achenes
3 mm. long, somewhat angled and compressed, pubescent; pappus 3 mm. long.
Type locality: Illinois.
Distribution: Illinois to Montana, Arizona, and Louisiana: adventive eastward.
- библиографски навод
- Per Axel Rydberg. 1915. (CARDUALES); CARDUACEAE; HELENIEAE, TAGETEAE. North American flora. vol 34(2). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
Comprehensive Description
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Boebera ciliosa Rydberg, sp. nov
A branched annual; stem 3-6 dm. high, pubescent with crisp hairs; leaves opposite. J 4 cm. long, usually crisp-hairy, twice pinnatind, with linear divisions; heads sessile; involucre broadly turbinate or campanulate, 6 mm. high and fully as broad; principal bracts oval, yellowish, usually acutish, usually with 2-5 conspicuous glands; accessory bracts linear, with
2 or 3 glands, variable in length, from one half to two thirds as long as the involucre proper,
strongly long-ciliate at the base; ray-flowers few, inconspicuous, or wanting; ligules oblong,
nearly erect, scarcely 1 mm. long; disk-corollas 2.5 mm. long, similar to those of B. papposa;
achenes 3 mm. long, compressed, pubescent; pappus brown, 2.5-3 mm. long.
Type collected at Durango, in 1896, Palmer 920 (herb. N. Y. Bot. Gard.). Distribution: Durango, Coahuila, and San Luis Potosi.
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- Per Axel Rydberg. 1915. (CARDUALES); CARDUACEAE; HELENIEAE, TAGETEAE. North American flora. vol 34(2). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
Comprehensive Description
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Boebera roseata Rydberg
Dyssodia fastigiala DC. Prodr. 5: 640. 1836. Not Boebera fasti giata H. B. K. 1820.
A branched annual; stem 2-4 dm. high, somewhat crisp-hairy; leaves opposite, 2-4 cm. long, pinnatifid or bipinnatifid, with linear-oblanceolate, often toothed, spinulose-tipped divisions, scabrous-hispidulous on the veins; heads often short-peduncled; involucre turbinate, about 7 mm. high and as broad; principal bracts about 8, oval, obtuse, usually tinged with rose, usually with a single or no gland; accessory bracts fewer, linear, short-ciliate below the middle; ray-flowers few; ligules small, oblique, about 1 mm. long; disk-corollas 3 mm. long, like those of B. papposa; achenes 4 mm. long, compressed, somewhat angled, hirsute; pappus 4-5 mm. long, distinctly longer than the disk-corollas.
Type locality: Mountains of Mexico.
Distribution: Coahuila and Durango to Jalisco and State of Mexico.
- библиографски навод
- Per Axel Rydberg. 1915. (CARDUALES); CARDUACEAE; HELENIEAE, TAGETEAE. North American flora. vol 34(2). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
Dyssodia papposa
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Dyssodia papposa is a species of annual herbaceous forb in the genus Dyssodia, commonly known as fetid marigold or prairie dogweed.[1][2] It is native to North America and parts of the Southwest, extending into the Northeast. The plant has been used by Native Americans to treat multiple medical conditions.
Description
Fetid marigold is a erect multi-branching annual with a large taproot, common to anthropogenically disturbed areas such as roadsides, fields, and meadows, at elevations from 3000–6500 ft (914–1981 m).[3][4][5] Its height is 4–16 inches (5–70 cm). The leaves are simple and opposite, 3/4 in to 2 in (15–50 mm) long and linearly lobate.[6]
The flowers have the disk and ray structure characteristic of the Asteraceae family; both are yellow-orange, up to 1/2in long with 5–8 ray flowers which are up to 3.5cm long and 1.5 cm wide, with tubular disk flowers and greenish outer and inner bracts. Seeds are small, hairy, narrowly conical with a tuft of bristle at the top, dark brown in color when mature. Distinctive orange odor glands dot the stalk, leaves and stems of the plant, which are the source of its characteristic scent.[4][6][7] It flowers in summer to fall. The name dyssodia is from the Greek δυσοδια (dusodia), meaning "bad odor", while papposa is from the Latin meaning "with pappus".[8]
Its native range includes the central plains of North America and parts of the Southwest, extending into the Northeast.[1] It has recently been documented in Canada, where it is expected to expand its range via adventitious growth.[3][9]
Ecology
The plant is host to the dainty sulphur butterfly.[8] It is commonly found in prairie dog towns and is among their preferred food sources.[2]
Ethnobotany
Fetid marigold was given to horses for coughs by the Dakota, used as a febrifuge and smoked for epilepsy by the Keres, applied to red ant bites by the Navajo, and was used by the Lakota as a treatment for headaches, internal bleeding and breathing difficulties.[10] The Omaha reportedly used it to induce nosebleeds to cure headache.[10] Seeds were ground into flour for bread or roasted without grinding and combined with other foods by the Apache, who also ate the tops of the plant as greens.[11]
References
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^ a b c "Dyssodia papposa (Vent.) Hitchc. fetid marigold". USDA Plants. United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service. Retrieved 18 October 2021.
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^ a b Summers, C. A.; Linder, R. L. (1978). "Food habits of the black-tailed prairie dog in western South Dakota" (PDF). Journal of Range Management. 31 (2): 134–136. doi:10.2307/3897663. Retrieved 18 October 2021.
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^ a b Oldham, Michael J.; Klymko, John (1 September 2011). "Fetid Dogweed (Dyssodia papposa; Asteraceae) in Canada". Northeastern Naturalist. 18 (3): 347–356. doi:10.1656/045.018.0307. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
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^ a b "Dyssodia papposa". Go Botany. Native Plant Trust. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
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^ "Dyssodia papposa, Fetid Marigold". Southwest Desert Flora. Retrieved October 23, 2021.
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^ a b "Dyssodia papposa (Fetid Marigold)". Minnesota Wildflowers. Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
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^ "Dyssodia papposa Dogweed". The Jepson Herbarium. University of California, Berkeley. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
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^ a b "Dyssodia papposa". SEINet. Southwest Biodiversity. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
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^ Oldham, Michael J.; Gould, Joyce; Bowles, Jane M. (2011). "Fetid Dogweed (Dyssodia papposa; Asteraceae) and Slender Russian Thistle (Salsola collina; Amaranthaceae), New to Alberta, Canada". Canadian Field-Naturalist. 125 (4): 366–369. doi:10.22621/cfn.v125i4.1267. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
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^ a b Moerman, Daniel E. (2009). Native American Medicinal Plants. Timber Press Inc. p. 177. ISBN 978-0-88192-987-4.
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^ Castetter, Edward F.; Opler, M. E. (1936). "The Ethnobiology of the Chiricahua and Mescalero Apache". University of New Mexico Bulletin. 4 (5): 1–63. Retrieved 19 October 2021.
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Dyssodia papposa: Brief Summary
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Dyssodia papposa is a species of annual herbaceous forb in the genus Dyssodia, commonly known as fetid marigold or prairie dogweed. It is native to North America and parts of the Southwest, extending into the Northeast. The plant has been used by Native Americans to treat multiple medical conditions.
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Dyssodia papposa
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Dyssodia papposa: Brief Summary
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Dyssodia papposa là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cúc. Loài này được (Vent.) Hitchc. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1891.
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