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Biology ( англиски )

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The most widespread Arctic krill
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Comprehensive Description ( англиски )

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Transparent, yellowish if rich in lipids, females might develop blue hue when spawning; Eyes round, rostrum pointed, photophores red; Anntennae lack lappet, carapace with 1 small denticle; abdomen without keel-spines
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Habitat ( англиски )

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Panarctic and subarctic in coastal waters (above 200m); Can be abundant in coastal embayments; Most common in Arctic waters near Pacific or Atlantic inflows, uncommon in central basins; Undergo diel vertical migrations, spending daytime near bottom, night-time in surface waters
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Life Cycle ( англиски )

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Females lay several clutches of eggs during summer; Females require repeated mating after each molt to form new egg clutches; Life cycles is typcial: eggs, nauplius, metanauplius, followed by several stages of feeding calytopsis, and furcillia larvae; Juveniles resemble adults, and molt regularly while growing to adulthood over the first year of life; Life expectancy not known, likely 2-3 years
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Trophic Strategy ( англиски )

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Primarily herbivourous, may feed on detritous when food is scarse - known to feed directly on under-ice algae; During open-water periods feed on phytoplankton when abundant (shifting to small zooplankton when phyoplankton less abundant); An important prey item for fish, birds, seals and whales
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Diagnostic Description ( англиски )

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Differs from other Thysanoessa species by the presence of 2 spines on the sides of the carapace

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Distribution ( англиски )

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Amphiboreal species; found in the Barents Sea, White Sea, Kara Sea, Bering Sea, Sea of Okhotsk, Chukchi Sea.

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Morphology ( англиски )

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The lateral edges of the carapace carry a small spine on each side. The last segment of the abdomen does not carry a spine.

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Size ( англиски )

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Length up to 30 mm.

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Thysanoessa raschii ( англиски )

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Thysanoessa raschii, sometimes known as Arctic krill, is one of the most common euphausiid species of the subarctic and Arctic seas. They may reach 20–25 millimetres (0.8–1.0 in) long, and are sexually mature above 14 mm (0.6 in).[1]

T. raschii is a major prey item of several taxa, planktivorous fishes and marine mammals. It is also a common prey item of seabirds, including shearwaters.[2]

This species goes through a number of stages in its development. Roderick Macdonald defined the characteristics of fourteen stages, or 'furcilia'.[3]

References

  1. ^ M. J. de Kluijver & S. S. Ingalsuo. "Thysanoessa raschii". Macrobenthos of the North Sea. Universiteit van Amsterdam. Archived from the original on July 17, 2011. Retrieved December 7, 2006.
  2. ^ J. R. Lovvorn; C. L. Baduini & G. L. Hunt (2001). "Modelling underwater visual and filter feeding by planktivorous shearwaters in unusual sea conditions". Ecology. 82 (8): 2342–2356. doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[2342:MUVAFF]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0012-9658.
  3. ^ R. Macdonald (1928). "The life history of Thysanoessa raschii". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 15 (1): 57–80. doi:10.1017/S0025315400055533. Archived from the original on 2007-03-11.
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Thysanoessa raschii: Brief Summary ( англиски )

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Thysanoessa raschii, sometimes known as Arctic krill, is one of the most common euphausiid species of the subarctic and Arctic seas. They may reach 20–25 millimetres (0.8–1.0 in) long, and are sexually mature above 14 mm (0.6 in).

T. raschii is a major prey item of several taxa, planktivorous fishes and marine mammals. It is also a common prey item of seabirds, including shearwaters.

This species goes through a number of stages in its development. Roderick Macdonald defined the characteristics of fourteen stages, or 'furcilia'.

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Thysanoessa raschii ( шпански; кастиљски )

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El kril ártico (Thysanoessa raschii) es una especie de crustáceo malacostráceo del orden Euphausiacea; es una de las especies más comunes de kril del océano Ártico y del Subártico. Pueden alcanzar unos 20-25 mm de longitud y son sexualmente maduros por encima de los 14 mm.[1]​ Su hábitat se encuentra habitualmente en torno a los 200 m de profundidad, con una migración diurna entre los 50-200 metros durante el día y entre 0-100 m por la noche.[1]

Es una de las principales presas de varias especies, incluyendo aves marinas, peces planctívoros y ballenas barbadas. En la isla de St. Lawrence, Alaska, es el principal componente de la dieta de la alcita crestada (Aethia cristatella), con el 66% de su dieta por biomasa entre los años 2000 y 2004. También una presa habitual de pardelas y varias especies de gaviotas.[2]

El kril ártico pasa por varias etapas en su desarrollo. Macdonald definió las características de catorce etapas, o 'furcilia'.[3]

Referencias

  1. a b De Kluijver, M. J. & S. S. Ingalsuo. «Macrobenthos of the North Sea». World Biodiversity Database (en inglés). NLBIF - Netherlands Biodiversity Information Facility. Archivado desde el original el 17 de julio de 2011. Consultado el 28 de febrero de 2009.
  2. Lovvorn, J. R., C. L. Baduini y G. L. Hunt (2001). «Modelling underwater visual and filter feeding by plantivorous shearwaters in unusual sea conditions». Ecology (en inglés) 82 (8): 2342-2356.
  3. Macdonald, R. (1928). «The life history of Thysanoessa raschii». Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom (en inglés) (1 edición) 15: 57-80. Archivado desde el original el 11 de marzo de 2007.
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Thysanoessa raschii: Brief Summary ( шпански; кастиљски )

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El kril ártico (Thysanoessa raschii) es una especie de crustáceo malacostráceo del orden Euphausiacea; es una de las especies más comunes de kril del océano Ártico y del Subártico. Pueden alcanzar unos 20-25 mm de longitud y son sexualmente maduros por encima de los 14 mm.​ Su hábitat se encuentra habitualmente en torno a los 200 m de profundidad, con una migración diurna entre los 50-200 metros durante el día y entre 0-100 m por la noche.​

Es una de las principales presas de varias especies, incluyendo aves marinas, peces planctívoros y ballenas barbadas. En la isla de St. Lawrence, Alaska, es el principal componente de la dieta de la alcita crestada (Aethia cristatella), con el 66% de su dieta por biomasa entre los años 2000 y 2004. También una presa habitual de pardelas y varias especies de gaviotas.​

El kril ártico pasa por varias etapas en su desarrollo. Macdonald definió las características de catorce etapas, o 'furcilia'.​

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Thysanoessa raschii ( индонезиски )

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Thysanoessa raschii, kadang-kadang disebut kril Arktik, adalah spesies euphausiid yang paling banyak tersebar di perairan subarktik dan arktik. Panjangnya dapat mencapai 20–25 milimeter (0.8–1.0 in), dan biasanya kril yang sudah matang secara seksual panjangnya 14 mm (0,6 in).[1]

T. raschii merupakan makanan utama beberapa ikan, mamalia laut (seperti paus), dan burung laut.[2]

Referensi

  1. ^ M. J. de Kluijver & S. S. Ingalsuo. "Thysanoessa raschii". Macrobenthos of the North Sea. Universiteit van Amsterdam. Diakses tanggal December 7, 2006.
  2. ^ J. R. Lovvorn, C. L. Baduini, & G. L. Hunt (2001). "Modelling underwater visual and filter feeding by planktivorous shearwaters in unusual sea conditions". Ecology. 82 (8): 2342–2356. doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2001)082[2342:MUVAFF]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0012-9658.Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)
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Thysanoessa raschii: Brief Summary ( индонезиски )

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Thysanoessa raschii, kadang-kadang disebut kril Arktik, adalah spesies euphausiid yang paling banyak tersebar di perairan subarktik dan arktik. Panjangnya dapat mencapai 20–25 milimeter (0.8–1.0 in), dan biasanya kril yang sudah matang secara seksual panjangnya 14 mm (0,6 in).

T. raschii merupakan makanan utama beberapa ikan, mamalia laut (seperti paus), dan burung laut.

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Thysanoessa raschii ( италијански )

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Il krill artico (Thysanoessa raschii (M. Sars, 1864)) è un crostaceo appartenente alla famiglia Euphausiidae diffuso nelle acque artiche e subartiche ad una profondità media di 200 m, questa specie effettua una migrazione durante la notte verso profondità di 0-100 m e durante il giorno a profondità comprese fra 50 e 200 m. È un importante componente dello zooplancton ed è parte della dieta di balene, pesci e uccelli marini. Gli adulti sono lunghi mediamente 20-25 mm e raggiungono la matirità sessuale quando oltrepassano la lunghezza di 14 mm.

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Thysanoessa raschii ( холандски; фламански )

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Thysanoessa raschii is een krillsoort uit de familie van de Euphausiidae.[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1864 door M. Sars.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. Siegel, V. (2012). Thysanoessa raschii (M. Sars, 1864). In: Siegel, V. (Ed) (2012). World Euphausiacea database. Geraadpleegd via: World Register of Marine Species op http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=110711
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23-03-2013
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Arktik krili ( турски )

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Arktik krili (Thysanoessa raschii), Arktik Okyanusunda ve sub-Arktik Okyanusta yaşayan deniz krillerinden biridir. 20–25 mm uzunlukta ve olgunlaşmada 14 mm üzeri boyda olabilirler.[1].

En fazla 100 m derinlikte bulunurlar. Günlük dikey göç yaparlar. Gece yüzeye yakın sularda beslenen kriller, gün ışımasıyla birlikte dinlenecekleri derinliğe inerler.

Ömürleri ortalama 2 yıldır. Ilıman sularda ilkbaharda yumurtadan çıkan larvalar, kışın 12 – 16 mm uzunluğuna erişirler. İkinci yılında erginleşirler ve 22 – 25 mm uzunluğa erişirler.

T. raschii, bazı belli türlerin temel besinidir, örneğin deniz kuşları, plantonivor balıklar ve deniz memelileri gibi. Alaska'da sorguçlu dalıcımartı (Aethia cristatella) türü için ilk besin grubudurlar. Yelkovan kuşlarınca[2] ve bazı martılarca yenildikleri de bilinmektedir.

Kanada'nın doğusundsa balıkçılarca avcılığı yapılır.

Kaynakça

  1. ^ De Kluijver, M. J. & S. S. Ingalsuo. "Macrobenthos of the North Sea". 17 Temmuz 2011 tarihinde kaynağından arşivlendi.
  2. ^ Lovvorn, J. R., C. L. Baduini, & G. L. Hunt (2001). "Modelling underwater visual and filter feeding by plantivorous shearwaters in unusual sea conditions". Ecology. 82 (8), s. 2342–2356.KB1 bakım: Birden fazla ad: yazar listesi (link)
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Arktik krili: Brief Summary ( турски )

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Arktik krili (Thysanoessa raschii), Arktik Okyanusunda ve sub-Arktik Okyanusta yaşayan deniz krillerinden biridir. 20–25 mm uzunlukta ve olgunlaşmada 14 mm üzeri boyda olabilirler..

En fazla 100 m derinlikte bulunurlar. Günlük dikey göç yaparlar. Gece yüzeye yakın sularda beslenen kriller, gün ışımasıyla birlikte dinlenecekleri derinliğe inerler.

Ömürleri ortalama 2 yıldır. Ilıman sularda ilkbaharda yumurtadan çıkan larvalar, kışın 12 – 16 mm uzunluğuna erişirler. İkinci yılında erginleşirler ve 22 – 25 mm uzunluğa erişirler.

T. raschii, bazı belli türlerin temel besinidir, örneğin deniz kuşları, plantonivor balıklar ve deniz memelileri gibi. Alaska'da sorguçlu dalıcımartı (Aethia cristatella) türü için ilk besin grubudurlar. Yelkovan kuşlarınca ve bazı martılarca yenildikleri de bilinmektedir.

Kanada'nın doğusundsa balıkçılarca avcılığı yapılır.

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Habitat ( англиски )

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upper and glacial of the Gulf and estuary

Навод

North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)

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distribution ( англиски )

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depth in m: 0-200; horizontal distribution: amphiboreal species, N Atlantic, N Pacific

Наводи

  • Kylin, H. (1956). Die Gattungen der Rhodophyceen. C.W.K. Gleerup: Lund, Sweden. xv, 673 pp.
  • Mauchline, J. and Fisher, L.R. (1969) The Biology of Euphausiids. Advances in Marine Biology 7: 1-454
  • Brinton E (1962). The distribution of Pacific euphausiids. Bull. Scipps Inst. Oceanography, 8 (1): 51-269

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