Ilex asprella, also known as rough-leaved holly and plum-leaved holly, is a deciduous shrub native in South East Asia. Ilex asprella is one of the few deciduous species in the family Aquifoliaceae.
A densely branched deciduous shrub, growing up to 3 m tall. The long shoots glabrous, brown, and slender, while the short shoots green with significant white lenticels. Leaves thin-chartaceous, glandular-punctate on the back, ovate, 4 to 5 cm in length, 1.5 to 2.5 cm broad. Leaf apex acuminate, leaf base cuneate, leaf margin sermlate, hirsute on adaxial nerves and nearly glabrous beneath. Petioles 3 to 8 mm long. Reticulate veins with 6 to 8 pairs of pinnate lateral veins.
White flowers in axillary umbels with slender pedicels, dioecy. Male flower: 2 to 5 flowers each inflorescence, 2.5 to 3 mm in diameter, glabrous; 4 or 5 suborbicular petals, margin erose, corolla rotate, base slightly connate; stamens ca. 3/4 as long as petals, anthers oblong and ca. 1 mm. Female flower: 4 to 6 flowers each inflorescence, glabrous, ca. 3 mm in diameter; flowers 4-6; calyx deeply 4 to 6 lobed; corolla rotate, petals suborbicular, basal slightly connate; staminodes ca. 1 mm, sterile anthers sagittate; ovary ovoid, ca. 1.5 mm in diameter, style present, stigma thickly discoid.
Drupe black and globose, endocarp stony, 5 mm long, 4 mm across, pedicel 2 to 3 cm long.[1][2][3]
Adapted to tropic climate and hummus soil. Can be found in low altitude about 400 to 1000 m in Luzon, S. E. China, and Taiwan in the thickest.[4]
Used as a traditional Chinese medicine for multiple effects. The root is dug out during winter and dried in daylight. It is either cooked and consumed as soup or smashed and applied on the skin.[5]
Ilex asprella, also known as rough-leaved holly and plum-leaved holly, is a deciduous shrub native in South East Asia. Ilex asprella is one of the few deciduous species in the family Aquifoliaceae.
Ilex asprella là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Aquifoliaceae. Loài này được (Hook. & Arn.) Champ. ex Benth. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1852.[1]
Bài viết Bộ Nhựa ruồi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Ilex asprella là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Aquifoliaceae. Loài này được (Hook. & Arn.) Champ. ex Benth. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1852.
梅葉冬青 （學名：Ilex asprella ，英文名稱： Rough-leaved Holly、Plum-leaved Holly ）[1]，別稱崗梅（廣東埔）、苦梅根（廣東埔）、燈稱花、燈花樹（台灣植物志）、點稱星、點秤星、假秤星（廣東東莞）、秤星樹、燈秤仔、燈秤花、萬點金、烏雞骨、燈絲仔、山梅根、假青梅（中國高等植物圖鑑）、秤星樹、秤星木、天星木、汀秤仔（香港）、相星根（廣西梧州）、百解茶及檀樓星等[2][3][4][5]，為冬青科冬青屬植物[6]。種加詞 asprella 意為「具粗糙鱗片的」[6]。本種為冬青科內少數會落葉的品種之一[3][7] 花期1－3月，果期3－6月[8]。
「崗梅」名稱的由來源於梅葉冬青生長在山邊但習性像梅花[6]；「燈秤花」的名稱由來源於本種植物小枝光滑呈褐色貌似秤桿，皮孔像似秤點而得名[9]。
分佈於中國東南部、菲律賓呂宋、琉球等地。多生長於山坡草叢、路旁及次生林綠野徑旁，海拔400米至1,000米的地區[10][11]。性喜高溫，全日照或半日照均可，以腐植質土壤生長最佳，多以種子繁殖[12]。[13][14][4]
梅葉冬青是一種落葉灌木，可高達3米。有長枝及短枝，長枝纖細，小枝光滑無毛，綠色具明顯的白色皮孔，干後褐色。葉卵狀橢圓形或卵形，互生，膜質或紙質，表面綠、深綠至黃綠色，背面淺綠色，背部有細腺點，基部寬楔形，先端漸尖成尾狀，具細鋸齒狀葉緣，網脈不明顯，羽狀側脈6－8對，中脈上部稍凹下，表面脈上披直毛，長約3－7厘米，寬約1.5－3厘米；葉柄長約3－8毫米。花為繖形花序，白色，[雄花2－3朵，簇生或單生葉腋，4或5數，花萼圓形或裂片闊三角形，無毛，直徑約2.5－3毫米，花冠直徑約6毫米，雄蕊著生於花冠上，與花瓣互生，花瓣近圓形，基部結合；雌花單生葉腋，無毛，4或6數，花萼4－5裂，直徑約2.5－3毫米，花瓣4－5枚，基部結合，花梗長約2－2.5厘米，結果時可長達3厘米，子房球狀卵形，直徑約1.5毫米，花柱明顯，柱頭呈盤狀。果為核果，球形或橢圓形，外有縱溝，成熟時黑色，內果皮石質，基部具宿存之萼，分核4－6粒，直徑約5－6毫米，果梗長約2－3厘米。[14][4][8][7][11]
梅葉冬青根、葉入藥；根部性味苦、甘，性寒[15]，歸肺、肝、大腸經，無毒，能清熱解毒，活血，生津，可治感冒、眩暈 、頭痛、咽喉腫痛 、百日咳、淋病及跌打損傷等。葉性味苦、甘，性寒[16]，歸心、肺、肝經，清熱解毒，可治感冒及跌打損傷等。葉含熊果酸，對心絞痛及冠心病有治療作用[11]。為涼茶廿四味之原料之一。[14][7][5][17][18][19][20][21]
梅葉冬青 （學名：Ilex asprella ，英文名稱： Rough-leaved Holly、Plum-leaved Holly ），別稱崗梅（廣東埔）、苦梅根（廣東埔）、燈稱花、燈花樹（台灣植物志）、點稱星、點秤星、假秤星（廣東東莞）、秤星樹、燈秤仔、燈秤花、萬點金、烏雞骨、燈絲仔、山梅根、假青梅（中國高等植物圖鑑）、秤星樹、秤星木、天星木、汀秤仔（香港）、相星根（廣西梧州）、百解茶及檀樓星等，為冬青科冬青屬植物。種加詞 asprella 意為「具粗糙鱗片的」。本種為冬青科內少數會落葉的品種之一 花期1－3月，果期3－6月。
「崗梅」名稱的由來源於梅葉冬青生長在山邊但習性像梅花；「燈秤花」的名稱由來源於本種植物小枝光滑呈褐色貌似秤桿，皮孔像似秤點而得名。
