Guidance for identification
Sinònim taxonòmic 
Leucocoprinus birnbaumii és una espècie de bolet dins la família Agaricaceae. És común en els tròpics i els subtròpics, però en climes temperats freqüentment es presenta en hivernacles i en els contenidors de les plantes. Els seus basidiocarps (cossos fructífers) són verinosos si es mengen.
Leucocoprinus straminellus s'assembla però és més pàl·lid i de vegades completament blanquinós. També apareix en els contenidors de les plantes en els climes temperats.Leucocoprinus sulphurellus és un bolet groc que es presenta al Carib.
Com totes les espècies del gènere Leucocoprinus, L. birnbaumii i és un saprotrof, que viu en matèria vegetal molt descomposta (humus o compost).
Els cossos fructífers de Leucocoprinus birnbaumii són verinosos si es mengen i causen problemes significatius en l'estómac.[2]
El pigment groc dels cossos fructífers provenen d'alcaloides que s'anomenen "birnbaumines".
Leucocoprinus birnbaumii és una espècie de bolet dins la família Agaricaceae. És común en els tròpics i els subtròpics, però en climes temperats freqüentment es presenta en hivernacles i en els contenidors de les plantes. Els seus basidiocarps (cossos fructífers) són verinosos si es mengen.
Der Gelbe Faltenschirmling (Leucocoprinus birnbaumii, Syn.: Leucocoprinus flos-sulphuris; L. lutea) ist eine Pilzart aus der Gattung der Faltenschirmlinge. Er wird häufig in Blumentöpfen gefunden.
Der Gelbe Faltenschirmling bildet Fruchtkörper mit einem drei bis fünf (sechs) Zentimeter großen, anfangs glockig, dann kegelig aufschirmenden Hut mit überwiegend scheibenförmigem, plattem Scheitel. Die Farbe des Pilzes ist zitronengelb mit chromfarbenem Einschlag, im Alter blasst die Farbe etwas aus. Der Hut ist mit schüppchenartigen Flocken bedeckt, die von der Mitte ausgehend kleiner werden. Die Lamellen des Gelben Faltenschirmlings sind frei, leicht gebogen und verbreitern sich zum Hutrand. Ihre Farbe ist schwefelgelb. Das Fleisch des Pilzes ist gelblich weiß und dünn, nur unter der Hutmitte ist es etwas dicker. Der Stiel erreicht bei ausgewachsenen Pilzen eine Höhe von fünf bis sechs Zentimeter und ist außen zitronengelb, innen jedoch schwefelgelb. Auch auf ihm sitzen kleine Flöckchen, die jedoch abwischbar sind. Der Ring des Stiels ist aufsteigend und am Rande mehlig bestäubt. Der Geruch wird als „etwas kellerartig“ beschrieben.
Der Gelbe Faltenschirmling ist ein saprobiontischer Bodenbewohner. In Mitteleuropa ist die Art nur in geheizten Gewächshäusern sowie in Wohnungen in Blumentöpfen und ähnlichen Standorten zu finden. Die Fruchtkörperbildung ist durch das Vorkommen in Häusern unabhängig von der Witterung, der Pilz kann das ganze Jahr über gefunden werden.
Der Gelbe Faltenschirmling stammt ursprünglich aus den Tropen, er wurde mit Pflanzen und Erde weltweit verschleppt. In Deutschland ist die Art überall zu finden, eine Bindung an bestimmte Gebiete besteht nicht.
Der Gelbe Faltenschirmling ist giftverdächtig und kommt als Speisepilz nicht in Frage, von seiner Anwesenheit geht keine Gefahr für die Pflanzen im besiedelten Blumentopf aus. Negative Auswirkungen auf die menschliche Gesundheit durch sein Vorkommen in Wohnräumen sind nicht bekannt.
Der Gelbe Faltenschirmling (Leucocoprinus birnbaumii, Syn.: Leucocoprinus flos-sulphuris; L. lutea) ist eine Pilzart aus der Gattung der Faltenschirmlinge. Er wird häufig in Blumentöpfen gefunden.
Leucocoprinus birnbaumii is a species of gilled mushroom in the family Agaricaceae. It is common in the tropics and subtropics. However, in temperate regions, it frequently occurs in greenhouses and flowerpots, hence its common names of flowerpot parasol and plantpot dapperling. It is considered to be toxic if consumed.[2]
The species was first described as Agaricus luteus in 1788[3] by the English mycologist James Bolton who described an observation from a hothouse near Halifax, three years earlier in 1785.[4] Bolton also provided an illustration of the mushrooms.[5] At the time gilled species were classified as Agaricus and luteus comes from the Latin for yellow or yellow-orange.[6] Bolton suggested the common name of 'Yellow Cottony Agaric' in reference to the soft, scaly texture of the mushroom.[4]
However the name A. luteus had already been used to describe an unrelated Russula species and was published in 1778 by William Hudson[7] so Bolton's A. luteus was illegitimate.
Nonetheless Agaricus luteus continued to be used and in James Sowerby's 1796 book entitled 'Coloured figures of English fungi or mushrooms' his description of Agaricus cepaestipes (now Leucocoprinus cepistipes) also includes A. luteus and A. cretaceus (now Leucocoprinus cretaceus) which he considered to be 'undoubtedly the same species', only differing in colour.[8] So whilst his illustration of L. birnbaumii is intricately drawn, coloured and immediately recognisable today it rather confusingly has the yellow and white species side by side.[9]
Sowerby writes that his observations of this species were made in bark beds around London where he described its presence as 'not uncommon'. He does not explicitly state that the observations were made in greenhouses however he does note that the yellow mushrooms were observed at Sir Abraham Hume's Wormleybury manor. During this period exotic plants from the East Indies and India were being cultivated in greenhouses and stove-heated hothouses at Wormleybury making it likely that this is where the mushrooms were found.[10] This may give an indication as to where the fungi observed originated from.
In 1897 the French mycologist Julien Godfrin described the species as sulphur yellow in colour and classified it as Lepiota lutea.[11][12] Many popular North American books continued to use this name until the 1980s and it still occasionally arises today.[13][14]
In 1839 the Czech mycologist August Corda described the same species from Prague where it was found growing in a greenhouse in between pineapple plants by a garden inspector named Birnbaum and so he called it Agaricus Birnbaumii.[15] Corda said the greenhouse was in Count Salm's garden in Prague,[16] likely referring to one of the greenhouses in the gardens of what is today the Prague castle complex which encompasses Salm Palace (Czech: Salmovský palác). Pineapples are still grown in these greenhouses so it is quite possible that descendants of the mushrooms found by Mr. Birnbaum continue to grow amongst them.[17]
The French mycologist Marcel Locquin classified it as Leucocoprinus luteus in 1945[18] and the German mycologist Rolf Singer reclassified it as Leucocoprinus birnbaumii in 1962.[19]
In the UK, Leucocoprinus birnbaumii has been given the recommended common name of "plantpot dapperling".[20] In North America, it has also been called the "yellow parasol",[13] "flowerpot parasol",[13] "yellow houseplant mushroom",[21] "lemon-yellow lepiota",[14] or "yellow pleated parasol".[22]
Leucocoprinus birnbaumii is a small, yellow dapperling mushroom which is frequently found in plant pots and greenhouses. The fruit bodies of Leucocoprinus birnbaumii are agaricoid (mushroom-shaped) and occur singly or in small clumps.
Cap: 2–7.5 cm wide in maturity, starting bulbous to cylindrical before expanding to hemispherical or conical and flattening or sometimes appearing umbonate with age. The surface is lemon yellow to sulphur yellow, smooth or slightly powdery and covered in ragged, fibrous scales which are easily removed. The scales are darker yellow or brownish with age and more densely concentrated towards the centre disc where they often form a patch whilst at the edges they are sparser. The cap edges are striated and grooved (sulcate-striate) with a paler colour present in the grooves whilst the edges curl inwards when young before curving out with age or straightening. The cap flesh is firm when young but becomes softer and more fragile with age, it is a dull whitish colour. Gills: Free and often quite remote from the stem, sulphur yellow, with spacing that can vary from crowded to subdistant at up to 4mm wide. With age the gills may bulge in the middle (ventricose) and the edges can be fringed. Stem: 2.5–9 cm long and 2-6mm thick at the top tapering to a bulbous or club shaped base which is 4-15mm thick. The interior is hollow but pithy with a shiny white colour whilst the exterior surface is lemon yellow to sulphur yellow and may discolour brownish with age. It is covered in fine powdery or woolly scales (pruinose to floccose-squamulose) across the full length starting from just above the base. The thin, membranous stem ring is located anywhere between the top and bottom of the stem (superior to inferior) and is movable. The top surface of it is yellow whilst the underside is whitish however the ring is evanescent and may disappear. Spore print: White. Spores: Ellipsoid to amygdaliform with a large germ pore. Dextrinoid. The average size range is 7.7-10.5 x 5.9-7.3 μm. Smell: Indistinct or sometimes mushroomy. Taste: Indistinct.[23][24] When dry the mushroom may discolour tan or brownish and a similar brown colour is seen in caps of aborted mushroom pins which fail to grow.
One feature of Leucocoprinus birnbaumii which isn't often described but is frequently visible are the sclerotia amongst the mycelium on the surface of the soil, which is an unusual trait amongst members of the Agaricales.[25] Typically sclerotia are most often discussed in the context of truffles or in the challenges faced by attempts at morel cultivation[26] so are usually associated with large, hardened masses growing under the ground. The sclerotia in L. birnbaumii however are tiny (500-820 μm) hard, elliptical masses on top of the soil amongst the fibrous mycelium which have been described as whitish-beige or pale yellowish white. These have been shown to be genetically identical to the developed mushroom[27] and have previously been cultured to produce mushrooms by introducing them to a substrate of sterilised wheat chaff before introducing the subsequently developed mycelium to a sand, peat, soil and sphagnum moss mix to ultimately fruit.[28] Whilst L. birnbaumii itself is harmless to plants the sclerotia can have economic impacts on the production and sale of Orchids which often have transparent root pots where the sclerotia can collect. Their presence in these containers can reduce the aesthetic value of the plants and have impacts on the water retention of the substrate.[29] Previous studies have noted an apparent propensity for L. birnbaumii to grow amongst Orchids.[30]
Leucocoprinus birnbaumii sclerotia
Sclerotia in a bag of potting soil
Old Leucocoprinus birnbaumii discolouring brown
Like all Leucocoprinus species, L. birnbaumii is a saprotroph, living on very decayed plant matter (humus or compost). The fungus is common throughout the tropics and subtropics, extending into warmer parts of the temperate zones. Rarely, it appears in cooler areas, fruit bodies having been recorded as far north as England,[31] but these seem to be temporary introductions. In these areas (such as North America, Europe, and Australia) it is more usually found in hothouses and plant pots than in the wild.[32][21][30]
iNaturalist suggests that the mushrooms are most commonly observed in the Summer with a peak in July or August,[33] whilst the observations on this site are not always reliable due to misidentification, this seasonality is to be expected from a tropical species that has been introduced into temperate climates. The iNaturalist seasonality chart for L. birnbaumii also closely resembles the monthly pageviews for this species on Wikipedia.[34] The higher number of views this page receives during the summer is suggestive of more people finding these mushrooms in their plant pots and trying to learn what they are whereas for native, wild species the views on their pages tend to peak during the Autumn months when they occur. These sources can only provide an estimation of seasonality in domestic settings and are not an indication of the seasonality in the tropical environments in which it is native.
In a 1907 study the American mycologist Andrew Price Morgan documented Lepiota lutea growing in greenhouses in Columbus, Ohio.[35]
In 2019 a study documented L. birnbaumii growing from the stump of a dead lemon tree in an orchard near Damietta, Egypt during the Autumn.[36]
Leucocoprinus birnbaumii is a toxic mushroom. If eaten it can cause stomach upset as its toxic mechanism is a gastrointestinal irritant.[2][39][40] North Carolina State University classifies the species as having medium severity poison characteristics[41] whilst the University of Massachusetts Amherst say that the level of toxicity is simply unknown at present.[42] These mushrooms should not be eaten.
The yellow color of the mushrooms is from alkaloids known as birnbaumins. Birnbaumin B is the major compound and has a formula C16H20N6O5 whilst birnbaumin A has one less oxygen molecule. Extraction methods used to isolate these compounds also yield L-tryptophan, a common amino acid which helps build proteins.[43]
A 2015 study succeeded in isolating a number of fatty acids from Leucocoprinus birnbaumii which showed moderate but selective anti-microbial effects. Three fatty acid compounds were isolated and tested against six microorganisms. Of them, linoleic acid displayed some inhibition against Streptococcus pyogenes and less against Staphylococcus aureus, oleic acid had some inhibition of Pseudomonas aeruginosa whilst methyl linoleate had limited inhibition against all three bacteria species. They did not show any results against the other two bacteria they were tested against (E. coli and MRSA) or against the pathogenic yeast strain Candida albicans.[44]
Leucocoprinus birnbaumii is a common find in greenhouses and potted plants all over the world having been spread by human activity.[45] When Europeans started exploring the tropics and bringing back exotic plant species for study or cultivation they were unwittingly bringing fungal hitchhikers back with them in the soil. The original classification of this species from a greenhouse in England in the late 1700s[46] and the observation from the early 1800s[15] in Prague which gave it the name birnbaumii demonstrate how long this species has been present in Europe. Despite this tropical species likely being unable to survive in these countries in the wild due to the cold temperatures it continues to spread via human activity. The heat and humidity of greenhouses or indoor plant pots evidently creates a habitat in which this species can thrive with garden centres and nurseries serving as hubs to distribute L. birnbaumii all over Europe. Botanical gardens may serve as another means of spreading as visitors unknowingly collect spores on their clothes and bring them into their homes.[32]
However, when L. birnbaumii mushrooms suddenly appear in a plant pot which had shown no previous signs of them it doesn't mean the fungus has only just been introduced. Due to the length of time the mycelium requires to grow, it is more likely that the fungus was always present in the soil from the moment the plant (or compost used) was acquired and that the conditions for it to fruit have only recently been met. Mushroom production will occur when the moisture content of the soil and humidity of the air is adequate. Even when no mushrooms are visible the fungus may still be alive and thriving in the soil waiting for the next opportunity to fruit.
As a saproptrophic species L. birnbaumii is harmless to plants. The presence of this fungus in the soil may serve to improve the quality of it as it can help to break down organic matter and provide nutrients that the plants require.[40] However, if the mushrooms are appearing regularly it can be a sign that the soil is too moist and that the plant may be being over-watered. Whilst L. birnbaumii itself is harmless to plants, the high moisture conditions in which it fruits can invite a host of other fungi and mold species which may harm the plant and result in root rot. In this regard L. birnbaumii can serve as a useful indicator to help ensure plants remain healthy.[47]
.jpg)
Small specimen with cacti
Growing from base of pot
Pins aborting and turning brown
Mature cap drying up
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) Leucocoprinus birnbaumii is a species of gilled mushroom in the family Agaricaceae. It is common in the tropics and subtropics. However, in temperate regions, it frequently occurs in greenhouses and flowerpots, hence its common names of flowerpot parasol and plantpot dapperling. It is considered to be toxic if consumed.
Leucocoprinus birnbaumii es una especie de seta de la familia Agaricaceae. Es común en los trópicos y los subtrópicos, pero en climas templados frecuentemente se presenta en invernaderos y en los contenedores de plantas. Sus basidiocarpos (cuerpos fructíferos) son venenosos, por lo tanto no son comestibles.
Leucocoprinus straminellus se le parece pero es más pálido y a veces completamente blanquecino. También aparece en los contenedores de plantas en los climas templados. Leucocoprinus sulphurellus es una seta de color amarillo que se presenta en el Caribe.
Como todas las especies del género Leucocoprinus, L. birnbaumii y es una saprotrofita, que vive en materia vegetal muy descompuesta ( humus o compost ).
Los cuerpos fructíferos de Leucocoprinus birnbaumii son venenosos si se comen y causan problemas significativos en el estómago.[1]
El pigmento amarillo de los cuerpos fructíferos provienen de alcaloides que se llaman "birnbauminas".
Leucocoprinus birnbaumii es una especie de seta de la familia Agaricaceae. Es común en los trópicos y los subtrópicos, pero en climas templados frecuentemente se presenta en invernaderos y en los contenedores de plantas. Sus basidiocarpos (cuerpos fructíferos) son venenosos, por lo tanto no son comestibles.
Leucocoprinus birnbaumii, anciennement Lepiota lutea, est un champignon basidiomycète de la famille des agaricacées.
Sans rapport avec le poirier (Birnbaum en allemand), il a été décrit sous le nom d'Agaricus birnbaumii par Corda en l'honneur d'un de ses amis, avant de devenir, entre autres, Bolbitius birnbaumii, Agaricus aureus, Lepiota lutea, Lepiota aurea ou Leucocoprinus aureus.
Assez commun, c'est l'un des rares champignons que l'on peut voir pousser à son domicile.
Espèce des pays chauds, ce Leucocoprinus vient dans les régions tempérées dans l'humus des serres ou des plantes d'appartement, apparaissant et disparaissant en quelques jours.
Saprophyte, l'espèce ne nuit pas aux plantes mais sa comestibilité est douteuse. On ne laissera pas les carpophores à la portée des enfants ou des animaux domestiques.
L'espèce est proche de nombreux autres Leucocoprinus, (notamment cepistipes, dont il fut un temps considéré comme une variété) ainsi que des petites lépiotes et peut aussi évoquer certains cystodermes. Sa couleur presque uniformément jaune pâle et son habitat particulier facilitent son identification.
Leucocoprinus birnbaumii, anciennement Lepiota lutea, est un champignon basidiomycète de la famille des agaricacées.
Sans rapport avec le poirier (Birnbaum en allemand), il a été décrit sous le nom d'Agaricus birnbaumii par Corda en l'honneur d'un de ses amis, avant de devenir, entre autres, Bolbitius birnbaumii, Agaricus aureus, Lepiota lutea, Lepiota aurea ou Leucocoprinus aureus.
Assez commun, c'est l'un des rares champignons que l'on peut voir pousser à son domicile.
Lepiota lutea fa parte del numeroso gruppo di Lepiota di piccola taglia, simili alla Lepiota cristata ed altre, tutte tossiche oppure fortemente sospette.
È una Lepiota abbastanza conosciuta per la sua prerogativa di crescere in serre e vasi domestici.
Di piccole dimensioni, inizialmente campanulato, poi piano; margine involuto e umbone centrale sempre rialzato. Presenta striature e punteggiature radiali color giallo-paglierino su sfondo bianco.
Libere, di color giallo chiaro tendente al bianco per via della sporata.
Facilmente separabile dal cappello, esile, di colore giallo, cavo. Alla base presenta un piccolo bulbo.
Di colore giallo, molto fragile.
Bianche in massa, di forma ellissoidale.
Di colore giallo.
Cresce tutto l'anno, gregaria oppure cespitosa, in serra oppure nei vasi domestici. Predilige terreno ricco di humus.
Velenoso.
Può causare avvelenamenti anche molto gravi, a seconda della quantità ingerita.
Dal latino luteus = giallo, per il suo colore predominante.
Lepiota lutea fa parte del numeroso gruppo di Lepiota di piccola taglia, simili alla Lepiota cristata ed altre, tutte tossiche oppure fortemente sospette.
È una Lepiota abbastanza conosciuta per la sua prerogativa di crescere in serre e vasi domestici.
Capel fin a 10 cm, finement squamos, da giaun òr a giaun groson ëdzora a un fond giaunastr sorfo. Lamele giaunastre. Gamba àuta fin a 10 cm e larga fin a 0,7 cm, giàuna. Anel ch'a passa.
A chërs ant ij vas ëd fior, ant le sère.
A venta mai mangé un bolè trovà se un a l'é nen un bon conossidor dij bolè!
Sensa anteresse alimentar.
Capel fin a 10 cm, finement squamos, da giaun òr a giaun groson ëdzora a un fond giaunastr sorfo. Lamele giaunastre. Gamba àuta fin a 10 cm e larga fin a 0,7 cm, giàuna. Anel ch'a passa.
AmbientA chërs ant ij vas ëd fior, ant le sère.
Comestibilità A venta mai mangé un bolè trovà se un a l'é nen un bon conossidor dij bolè!
Sensa anteresse alimentar.
Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons Czubnik cytrynowy (Leucocoprinus birnbaumii (Corda) Singer) – gatunek grzybów z rodziny pieczarkowatych (Agaricaceae)[1].
Pozycja w klasyfikacji według Index Fungorum: Agaricaceae, Agaricales, Agaricomycetidae, Agaricomycetes, Agaricomycotina, Basidiomycota, Fungi[1].
Nazwę polską zaproponował Władysław Wojewoda w 1998 r., wcześniej (w 1983 r.) Barbara Gumińska i W. Wojewoda opisywali ten gatunek pod nazwą czubek cytrynowy[3].
Stożkowaty, z wiekiem dzwonkowaty do rozpostartego; średnica od 1 do 8 cm, lśniący, o siarkowożółtej barwie. Powierzchnia pokryta włóknistymi łuskami, przy brzegach naga i prążkowana[4][5]. Brzeg faliście bruzdowany[6].
Szerokie, jasnożółte do siarkowożółtych[7][5].
W kolorze kapelusza, łamliwy, z cienkim pierścieniem[6]. Cylindryczny, rozszerzający się ku podstawie; do 10 cm długości[5].
Cienki[6][7], siarkowożółty, o słabym, nieco nieprzyjemnym zapachu[4].
Wysyp zarodników koloru białego, mają one kształt elipsoidalny, o wymiarach 8-12 x 5-9 μm. Nieamyloidalne, gładkie[6].
Grzyb tropikalny, w Polsce najczęściej wyrasta przez cały rok w szklarniach i doniczkach z roślinami ozdobnymi. Saprotrof, rozkłada torf i inną martwą materię organiczną zawartą w ziemi[4].
Niejadalny, jego obecność nie szkodzi w żaden sposób sąsiadującym roślinom[4].
W doniczkach i szklarniach mogą wyrastać inne, podobne gatunki egzotycznych grzybów, jak różniący się barwą (biały) Leucocoprinus cretatus[4].
_Singer_252878.jpg)
Czubnik cytrynowy (Leucocoprinus birnbaumii (Corda) Singer) – gatunek grzybów z rodziny pieczarkowatych (Agaricaceae).
Den mykologiska karaktären hos gul veckskivling:
hymenium:
skivor
hatt:
halvklotlik
skivtyp:
fria
ätlighet:
giftig
fot:
ring
sporavtryck:
vit
ekologi:
saprofyt
Gul veckskivling (Leucocoprinus birnbaumii) är en svampart[13] som först beskrevs av August Karl Joseph Corda, och fick sitt nu gällande namn av Rolf Singer 1962. Gul veckskivling ingår i släktet Leucocoprinus och familjen Agaricaceae.[14][15][16] Arten är reproducerande i Sverige.[16] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[14] Gul veckskivling dyker ibland upp i krukväxter inomhus, utomhus eller i växthus. Det är en saprofyt och den skadar inte växterna.
Gul veckskivling är giftig för människor, giftet heter birnbaumin.
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Gul veckskivling.
Wikispecies har information om Leucocoprinus birnbaumii.
Gul veckskivling (Leucocoprinus birnbaumii) är en svampart som först beskrevs av August Karl Joseph Corda, och fick sitt nu gällande namn av Rolf Singer 1962. Gul veckskivling ingår i släktet Leucocoprinus och familjen Agaricaceae. Arten är reproducerande i Sverige. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life. Gul veckskivling dyker ibland upp i krukväxter inomhus, utomhus eller i växthus. Det är en saprofyt och den skadar inte växterna.
Gul veckskivling är giftig för människor, giftet heter birnbaumin.
纯黄白鬼伞（學名：Leucocoprinus birnbaumii）又稱黃鬼傘，一种明黄色真菌，属蘑菇科白鬼伞属。多生长于温室中，盆栽内乃至室内。菌盖直径2.5到6厘米，最早呈长卵形，随成熟逐渐变为圆锥状，表面有一层柠檬黄色粉末，菌盖边缘具细长条棱。菌肉黄白色，质脆易碎。菌褶同样呈黄色或明黄色，离生，排列较密。菌柄长3-10厘米，向下渐粗。纯黄白鬼伞的黄色来自于其中所含的羟基吲哚类物质[1]，纯黄白鬼伞有毒，能引起剧烈胃痛[2]。有一個常見的誤解就是，手碰到菇類就會中毒，這是錯誤的概念，除非你是對菇類過敏，只有部分人士碰到特定菇類會發生過敏性皮炎，所以基本上你用手是可以觸碰劇毒的菇類像是“死亡天使”(Death Angel)，學名：Amanita bisporigera，你必須吃了幾克的毒菇才會引起中毒，不太可能經由皮膚吸收攝取到如此的克數。[3]
纯黄白鬼伞（學名：Leucocoprinus birnbaumii）又稱黃鬼傘，一种明黄色真菌，属蘑菇科白鬼伞属。多生长于温室中，盆栽内乃至室内。菌盖直径2.5到6厘米，最早呈长卵形，随成熟逐渐变为圆锥状，表面有一层柠檬黄色粉末，菌盖边缘具细长条棱。菌肉黄白色，质脆易碎。菌褶同样呈黄色或明黄色，离生，排列较密。菌柄长3-10厘米，向下渐粗。纯黄白鬼伞的黄色来自于其中所含的羟基吲哚类物质，纯黄白鬼伞有毒，能引起剧烈胃痛。有一個常見的誤解就是，手碰到菇類就會中毒，這是錯誤的概念，除非你是對菇類過敏，只有部分人士碰到特定菇類會發生過敏性皮炎，所以基本上你用手是可以觸碰劇毒的菇類像是“死亡天使”(Death Angel)，學名：Amanita bisporigera，你必須吃了幾克的毒菇才會引起中毒，不太可能經由皮膚吸收攝取到如此的克數。
分類 界 : 菌界 Fungi 門 : 担子菌門 Basidiomycota 亜門 : ハラタケ亜門 Agaricomycotina 綱 : ハラタケ綱 Agaricomycetes 亜綱 : ハラタケ亜綱 Agaricomycetidae 目 : ハラタケ目 Agaricales 科 : ハラタケ科 Agaricaceae 属 : キヌカラカサタケ属 Leucocoprinus 種 : コガネキヌカラカサタケ L. birnbaumii 学名 Leucocoprinus birnbaumii (Corda) Singer (1962) 和名 コガネキヌカラカサタケ 英名 flowerpot parasolコガネキヌカラカサタケ (黄金絹唐傘茸 Leucocoprinus birnbaumii) は、ハラタケ目ハラタケ科に属するキノコである。
熱帯性であり、沖縄などで夏から秋にかけ植え込み、芝生上、室内の植木鉢などあらゆる場所に発生する。傘は綿くず状の片鱗に覆われ、高さは7cmほど。腐葉土など養分の多い土壌を好み、本州でも見られるが自生はせず、熱帯地方から持ち込まれた腐葉土に混ざった菌から発生することが多い。子実体の色はおおむね白褐色から黄色になる。
本種に関する詳しい文献はまだ少なく、食毒不明として扱われているが、その一方で非常に美味であるともいわれる。詳しいことはわかっていないので食べるべきではない。
この項目は、菌類に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めています（P:生き物と自然／PJ生物）。 
