Body fusiform, vasiform, roughly cylindrical, or tapering towards toes. Usually illoricate, rarely semiloricate. Head and trunk separated by neck-fold. Trunk usually tapering towards base of foot. Foot varying greatly in length and shape with different species: indistinct or short, medium long to very long, pseudosegments present or absent. Two ± short toes (except P. doliaris with one toe). Corona usually an oblique disc, with well-developed marginal cilia and 2 lateral tufts of densely set, long cilia; without retractile ciliated auricles. Buccal field large, evenly ciliated, with mouth at ventral margin. Apical field not usually enclosed by marginal ciliation, sometimes dorsal. Rostrum slightly developed in some species. Eyespot usually on or near brain, rarely frontal or absent. Retrocerebral organ present, rudimentary or absent.
Mastax often very small; trophi malleate, a modification of the malleate type or virgate. Rami roughly triangular, usually with teeth at their inner margins, basal apophyses large. Fulcrum usually wedge-shaped, short to medium long, ± in line with the flattened rami. Unci with 1-7 teeth. Manubria ± long. Epipharynx two rodor irregular, wedge-shaped pieces.
Cosmopolitan.
Freshwater to halophile.
Free-living, epiphytic, epizoic or parasitic.
Die Schmarotzer-Rädertierchen (Proales) sind eine Gattung der Rädertierchen (Rotatoria). Sie sind wurmähnlich und weichhäutig. Der Fuß ist lediglich schwach entwickelt. Das Räderorgan ist eine schräge, bewimperte Fläche, welche bauchwärts verlagert ist. Proales ist eine Sammelgattung, die wenig einheitliche Arten umfasst.
Die Schmarotzer-Rädertierchen (Proales) sind eine Gattung der Rädertierchen (Rotatoria). Sie sind wurmähnlich und weichhäutig. Der Fuß ist lediglich schwach entwickelt. Das Räderorgan ist eine schräge, bewimperte Fläche, welche bauchwärts verlagert ist. Proales ist eine Sammelgattung, die wenig einheitliche Arten umfasst.
Proales is a genus of rotifers belonging to the family Proalidae.[1]
The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.[1]
Species:[1]
Proales is a genus of rotifers belonging to the family Proalidae.
The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.
Species:
Proales adenodis Myers, 1933 Proales alba Wulfert, 1939 Proales ardechensis De Smet & Verolet, 2009 Proales baradlana Varga, 1959 Proales bemata Myers, 1933 Proales christinae De Smet, 1994 Proales cognita Myers, 1940 Proales commutata Althaus, 1957 Proales coryneger Proales cryptopus Wulfert, 1935 Proales daphnicola Thompson, 1892 Proales decipiens (Ehrenberg, 1830) Proales doliaris (Rousselet, 1895) Proales fallaciosa Wulfert, 1937 Proales francescae De Smet, 2015 Proales gammaricola De Smet & Verolet, 2016 Proales germanica Tzschaschel, 1979 Proales gigantea (Glascott, 1893) Proales gladia Myers, 1933 Proales globulifera (Hauer, 1921) Proales gonothyraeae Remane, 1929 Proales granulosa Myers, 1933 Proales halophila Remane, 1929 Proales indirae Wulfert, 1966 Proales kostei Nogrady & Smol, 1989 Proales laticauda De Smet & Verolet, 2009 Proales latrunculus Penard, 1909 Proales lenta Vlastov, 1956 Proales lenta Wlastow, 1956 Proales litoralis De Smet, 1996 Proales macrura Myers, 1933 Proales micropus (Gosse, 1886) Proales minima (Montet, 1915) Proales oculata Tzschaschel, 1979 Proales ornata Myers, 1933 Proales othodon Proales paguri Thane-Fenchel, 1966 Proales palimmeka Myers, 1940 Proales parasita (Ehrenberg, 1838) Proales phaeopis Myers, 1933 Proales prehensor Proales provida Wulfert, 1938 Proales pugio Nogrady, 1983 Proales reinhardti (Ehrenberg, 1834) Proales segnis Myers, 1938 Proales similis de Beauchamp, 1907 Proales simplex Wang, 1961 Proales sordida Gosse, 1886 Proales syltensis Tzschaschel, 1979 Proales theodora (Gosse, 1887) Proales werneckii (Ehrenberg, 1834) Proales wesenbergi Wulfert, 1960
