Leptodactylus griseigularis (Henle 1981)

Leptodactylus grieseigularis is a leptodactylid frog that inhabits tropical lowland and montane forests on the east side of the Andes in southern Bolivia and northern Peru, up to altitude of 1,800 m.While not a common frog, it has a fairly wide distribution and is present in multiple protected areas, including Madidi and Carrasco in Brazil, and is not considered to be a threatened species. The etymology of its name reflect its grey (Latin: griseus) throat (Latin: gula; de Sá et al. 2014).

Leptodactylus grieseigularis is medium in size, with males reaching 51 mm (2 inches) and females larger at sizes up to 58 mm (2.3 inches) in snout vent length.This species can be found sympatrically with several other Leptodactylus species: the larger L. boliviana, and L. wagnerii, the smaller L. pascoensis and L. petersoni, and L. leptodactyloides with which it is most likely to be confused (Heyer 1994).Before 1994 L. grieseigularis was considered a synonym of L. wagneri (Heyer 1984; 1994).Molecular analyses help to establish it as part of the L. melanonotus group (de Sá et al. 2014). Its lightly mottled belly pattern and light stripes on the thighs are distinguishing characteristics, and almost all males have large black thumb spines.Its advertisement call is also distinguishing, Heyer and Morales (1995) note it is the shortest call of all species in the genus. Heyer and Morales (1995; see also de Sá et al. 2014; Köhler 2000) described and compared its call to closely related L. leptodactyloides and L. petersii, finding all three calls very distinct.

Like other leptodactilid frogs, L. grieseigularis lays eggs into a foam nest.It breeds in stagnant water but larval stages are as yet unknown (Köhler 2000; de Sá et al. 2014).

Leptodactylus griseigularis (Henle, 1981)

Adenomera griseigularis Henle, 1981:139, fig. 2 [type locality: Botanischer Garten in Tingo Maria, Huanuco, Peru, 641 m; holotype: ZFMK 31800. juvenile].

Leptodactylus wagneri.—Heyer, 1984 [first association of griseigularis with the genus Leptodactylus; griseigularis considered a synonym of L. wagneri].

DIAGNOSIS.—Leptodactylus griseigularis occurs in the same region as the following Leptodactylus species with toe fringes (except for L. ocellatus and its closest relatives): L. bolivianus, leptodactyloides, pascoensis, petersii, and wagneri. Leptodactylus griseigularis is a moderate-size species (females 39–58 mm SVL, males 35–51 mm SVL) in which most individuals have irregular, moderate-length dorsolateral folds; Leptodactylus bolivianus is a large species (females to 88 mm SVL, males to 94 mm SVL) in which the dorsolateral folds are smooth, regular, and long. Leptodactylus griseigularis is most likely to be confused with leptodactyloides. The commonest thigh pattern in L. griseigularis is mottled, without any indication of light stripes; the commonest posterior thigh pattern in leptodactyloides is with distinct light stripes. Almost all male L. griseigularis have large black thumb spines; almost all male leptodactyoides have medium-size black thumb spines. Leptodactylus griseigularis is smaller than pascoensis (pascoensis females 52–67 mm SVL, males 60–61 mm SVL). The commonest posterior lip stripe condition in L. griseigularis is indistinct stripes; the commonest condition in pascoensis is with no indication of light lip stripes. Leptodactylus griseigularis is larger than petersii (petersii females 31–51 mm SVL, males 27–41 mm SVL). The commonest belly pattern is a light mottle in L. griseigularis, whereas the commonest belly pattern in petersii is an extensive mottle in an anastomotic pattern. Leptodactylus griseigularis is smaller than wagneri (wagneri females 52–82 mm SVL, males 39–61 mm SVL). The most common dorsolateral-fold condition in L. griseigularis is moderate-length folds, and the commonest belly pattern is a lightly mottled state, whereas in wagneri the commonest conditions are long dorsolateral folds and moderately mottled bellies.

ADULT CHARACTERISTICS (N = 44 females, 31 males).—Light posterior lip stripes distinct in some individuals (9%), usually indistinct (47%), or not discernible (44%), when discernible, stripes extending from posterior corner of eye; light posterior thigh stripes rarely present (4%), sometimes indistinct (10%), but usually not discernible (86%); dorsolateral folds (apparently) absent (12%), short (7%), usually moderate length (76%), or rarely long (5%); toe tips narrow (11%), just swollen (22%), swollen (39%), just expanded (24%), or rarely expanded (4%, including one individual scored as having almost small disks); male black thumb spines rarely medium size (4%), rarely medium-large (4%), or usually large (91%); chin/throat sometimes with light spots on a darker field (11%); belly usually lightly mottled (65%), often moderately mottled (27%), and sometimes extensively mottled (7%).

Females 39.4–57.6 mm SVL (x = 46.6 ± 4.4), males 34.7–51.3 mm SVL (x =42.5 ±4.8); female head length 32%–38% SVL (x = 35 ± 1%), male head length 34%–39% SVL (x = 36 ± 1%); female head width 30%–37% SVL (x = 34 ±2%), male head width 33%–38% SVL (x =35 ± 1%); female tympanum diameter 7%–9% SVL (x = 8 ± 0%), male tympanum diameter 7%–9% SVL (x = 8 ± 1%); female thigh length 40%–49% SVL (x = 43 ± 2%), male thigh length 39%–51% SVL (x = 45 ± 3%); female shank length 41%–51% SVL (x =46 ±3%), male shank length 43%–52% SVL (x = 47 ± 3%); female foot length 47%–58% SVL (x = 53 ± 3%), male foot length 49%–59% SVL (x = 54 ± 2%).

LARVAL CHARACTERISTICS.—Unknown.

ADVERTISEMENT CALL.—Unknown.

KARYOTYPE.—Diploid number 22, 2 pair median, 4 pair submedian, 1 pair subterminal, 4 pair terminal; secondary constriction in chromosome pair 8 (Bogart, 1974; specimens from Huanuco Province, Peru, reported as Leptodactylus wagneri).

GEOGRAPHIC VARIATION.—Variation in adult morphologies has been discussed in the “Region 7—Andean Slopes” analysis.

DISTRIBUTION.—The amazonian slopes of the Andes from central Peru to north-central Bolivia, from known altitudes of 100–1800 m (Figure 36; Appendix 2).

Leptodactylus griseigularis és una espècie de granota que viu a Bolívia i Perú.

Es troba amenaçada d'extinció per la pèrdua del seu hàbitat natural.

Leptodactylus griseigularis is a species of frogs in the family Leptodactylidae. It is found in the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in Bolivia and Peru.

Leptodactylus griseigularis inhabit montane primary and lowland tropical moist forests. Male Leptodactylus griseigularis grow to a snout–vent length of 35–51 mm (1.4–2.0 in) and females to 40–58 mm (1.6–2.3 in).

Leptodactylus griseigularis es una especie de ránidos de la familia Leptodactylidae.

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Leptodactylus griseigularis Leptodactylus generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Leptodactylidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.

Leptodactylus griseigularis est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Leptodactylidae.

Leptodactylus griseigularis é uma espécie de anfíbio da família Leptodactylidae.

Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: Bolívia e Peru.

Os seus habitats naturais são: florestas subtropicais ou tropicais húmidas de baixa altitude, regiões subtropicais ou tropicais húmidas de alta altitude, marismas de água doce e marismas intermitentes de água doce.

Está ameaçada por perda de habitat.

Leptodactylus griseigularis là một loài ếch thuộc họ Leptodactylidae. Loài này có ở Bolivia và Peru. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là rừng ẩm vùng đất thấp nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, vùng núi ẩm nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, đầm nước ngọt, và đầm nước ngọt có nước theo mùa. Chúng hiện đang bị đe dọa vì mất môi trường sống.