Isopterygium byssobolax Paris 1900

Isopterygium byssobolax

Isopterygium byssobolax (Müll. Hal.) Paris, Index Bryol. Suppl. 218. 1900. Taxicaulis byssobolax Müll. Hal., Hedwigia 36: 114. 1897. Type: Argentina. Tucumanensis, Siambón near Tucumán, Sierra de Tucumán, 1873, Lorentz s.n. (lectotype: JE!, designated by Ireland, 1991a); Cuesto de Siambón, Lorentz s.n. (syntype: JE!).

Taxicaulis pyrrhopus Müll. Hal., Hedwigia 36: 116. 1897; Isopterygium pyrrhopum (Müll. Hal.) Paris, Index Bryol. Suppl. 220. 1900. Type: Argentina. Chaco, between Sn. Andrés and Orán, 17 Sep 1873, Lorentz s.n. (lectotype: M!, designated by Ireland, 1991a; isolectotypes: H!, JE!).

Taxicaulis saprophilus Müll. Hal., Hedwigia 36: 115. 1897; Isopterygium saprophilum (Müll. Hal.) Paris, Index Bryol. Suppl. 220. 1900. Type: Argentina. Campochico, Aug 1873, Lorentz s.n. (lectotype: H!, designated by Ireland, 1991a).

Plants in dense mats, light green to yellowish green. Stems up to 1.3 cm long, 0.5–1.0 mm wide, simple or irregularly and freely branched. Asexual reproductive bodies lacking. Leaves 0.4–0.8 mm long, 0.2–0.3 mm wide, somewhat rigid, close, concave, erect to slightly spreading at tips, smooth, somewhat contorted when dry, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, symmetric, acuminate; margins erect, entire to minutely serrulate; costa none or weak, short and double; median cells 28–52 × 5–7 μm, smooth; alar cells strongly differentiated, short-rectangular to quadrate or transversely elongate, in 2–4 rows with 4–10 cells on margins. Autoicous. Setae 0.6–1.0 cm long, yellow to reddish brown; capsules 0.5–1.0 mm long, inclined to horizontal, ovoid to ellipsoid, contracted below the mouth when dry;

operculum short-rostrate; peristome teeth up to 0.2 mm long. Spores 7–9 μm in diameter.

Distribution and ecology: Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, and Argentina (Figure 12); usually in forests on rotten wood and tree bases, sometimes on soil and rock, at 30–1180 m.

Discussion: Isopterygium byssobolax is recognized in part because it is one of the smallest of the Latin American species (I. subbrevisetum is the other). The small stems reach only 1.3 cm long, 0.5–1.0 mm wide, the minute leaves are ovate to ovate-lanceolate, symmetric, acuminate, rigid, close, concave, less than 1 mm long, with distinct alar regions of short-rectangular to quadrate or transversely elongate cells in 2–4 rows with 4–10 cells on margins, setae 0.6–1.0 cm long, capsules ovoid to ellipsoid, contracted below the mouth when dry, 0.5–1.0 mm long.

Specimens examined: BRAZIL. Espírito Santo: Domingos Martins, Reserva Florestal Pedra Azul, 1180 m, Schäfer-Verwimp & Verwimp 10078 (CANM). Mato Grosso: Palmeiras, Serra do Chapada, Lindman B413 (BM). Paraná: Mpio. Ponta Grossa, Rio Tibagi, Kummrow 02990 (NY). Rio Grande do Sul: São Francisco de Paula, Casuza Ferreira, 800 m, Grazziotin et al. 3661 (NY); Vila Gonzaga, São Leopoldo, Sehnem 77 (TENN). Rondônia: Ridges of Serra dos Pacaás Novos, along Rio Pacaás Novos, ˜400 m, Reese 13550, 13553 (NY). Santa Catarina: Mpio. de Lajes, 27°48'S, 50°21'W, Vital 9397 (CANM, SP). São Paulo: Itapecirica, near Barra Mansa, ˜1000 m, Schiffner 1572 (BM); Parque Estadual das Fontes do Ipiranga, São Paulo city, Yano 269 (MO). BOLIVIA. Chuquisaca: Prov. Luis Calvo, “Inca Huasi 2,” W slope of Serrania Inca Huasi, 7 km NNE of Muyupampa (Vaca Guzman), 19°50'S, 63°43'W, Lewis 84-1050 (LPB). Cochabamba: Prov. Chapare, “Puerto San Francisco,” between Puerto San Francisco and the alligator ranch near Río Salbasuma, 16°41'S, 65°10'W, Lewis 83-1346 (LPB). Santa Cruz: Prov. Chiquitos, “Río Natividad,” 17 km S and 15 km W from San José de Chiquitos, 17°53'S, 60°53'W, Lewis 85-1139 (LPB); Prov. Cordillera, 28 km SW of Abapo, 19°06'S, 63°32'W, Lewis 84-1173 (NY). Prov. Florida, Canton Samaipata, Laguna Volcán, above Bermejo, 1150 m, 18°07'S, 63°38'W, Churchill et al. 20893 (MO); Tarija: Prov. Acre, along trail from Communidad Salado to Cambari, 3.5 km N of YPFB Campamento Conchas and 53 km N of Bermejo, 22°16'S, 64°24'W, Lewis 84-2442, 84-2448 (LPB); ridge N of Tunel, 2 km E of Comunidad Emborozu, 55 km NW of Bermejo, 22°17'S, 64°31'W, Lewis 84-2368 (LPB); headwater area of Quebrada Toro, 1 km SE of YPFB Campo Toro, 11 km N of Bermejo, 22°38'S, 64°19'W, Lewis 84-2424 (LPB); slope of Cerro Nogal, parallel to and 0.5 km N of Quebrada Nogal, 2–5 km NW of Communidad La Mamora, 22°09'S, 64°41'W, Lewis 84-2169 (LPB); S 15°W of summit of Cerro La Puñalada on slopes between Río Bermejo and summit, 6 km SW of Communidad La Mamora, 22°12'S, 64°37'W, Lewis 84-2269 (LPB). PARAGUAY. Caaguazú: Coronel Oviedo, Barrio Azucena, 25°25'S, 56°27'W, Bordas 238 (NY). Paraguarí: Macizo Acahay, 500 m, 25°54'S, 57°09'W, Zardini & Cuevas 5397 (NY); Cordillera de Ybytyruzú, Cerro Peró, 25°55'S, 56°15'W, Zardini & Velásquez 9377 (NY). ARGENTINA. Corrientes: Dept. Mercedes: Macrosistema Iberá, Estancia Rincón del Diablo, 28°44'S, 58°02'W, Arbo et al. 8008 (NY). Jujuy: Arroyo de los Matos ad Sierra Santa Barbara, Fries 43 (H, MO). Tucumán: Quebrada de Lules, Garolera 6971 (FH).

Isopterygium byssobolax là một loài Rêu trong họ Hypnaceae. Loài này được (Müll. Hal.) Paris mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1900.