Dipteris is a genus of about seven species of ferns, native to tropical regions across the world, particularly Asia, with a species in northeastern Queensland in Australia. It is one of two genera in the family Dipteridaceae.
Species of Dipteris grow from creeping rhizomes,[1] and have large stalks to the sporangium and annulus.[2] The rhizomes have bristles (or hairs) and the fronds have uniseriate hairs (having one line or series).[3] All species of Dipteris have spore-capsules that are carried on the lower surface of the broad lobed frond.[4] The fronds can reach up to 50 cm long.[5]
Caspar Georg Carl Reinwardt first published the genus in 1825,[6] by describing Dipteris conjugata Reinw.[7] which is the best known species.[8]
In 1839, R. Brown reduced the genus to a subgenus of Polypodium.[9] In 1901, Konrad Christ published Die Farnkrauter der Erde't, within which he included the genus Dipteris in the family Polypodiaceae, (a subdivision of the Polypodiacea).[10] It was then later placed into a separate genus,[4][5] Bower (1928), Ching (1940) and Pichi-Sermolli (1958) all having recreated the family Dipteridaceae, then comprising only one genus, Dipteris,[11] due to the differences in sporangium, stomata and gametophte.[3]
The Latin genus name Dipteris refers to an amalgamation of two terms: di meaning two, and pteris Greek word used for ferns generally, meaning wing-like.[12]
D. conjugata Reinwardt
D. lobbiana (Hooker) Moore
D. wallichii (Brown ex Wallich 1828) Moore
D. chinensis Christ
D. shenzhenensis Yan & Wei 2021
As of October 2019, Plants of the World Online and the Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World recognized seven species:[15][16]
Dipteris polyphyllus, a species from New Guinea has not been fully accepted as a species.[17]
Many species are found in Malaysia, Philippines, Samoa and New Guinea, growing beside Matonia (another fern species).[5][10] Most of the species grow on rocks, exposed places, clearings and in thickets.[18]
The genus has been found to have been widely distributed during the Jurassic period,[2] of the Mesozoic Era when much of the genus was widely distributed around Europe. Such fossils have been found in England, Germany, France, Belgium, Austria, Switzerland, Bornholm (island), Greenland, and Poland.[10]
Dipteris is a genus of about seven species of ferns, native to tropical regions across the world, particularly Asia, with a species in northeastern Queensland in Australia. It is one of two genera in the family Dipteridaceae.
Dipteris is een geslacht met acht soorten varens uit de familie Dipteridaceae.
Het zijn varens van tropische streken te vinden van India, Zuid-China en de Riukiu-eilanden tot in Queensland (Australië) en Fiji, die te vinden zijn op beschaduwde plaatsen op de grond of op rotsen.
De botanische naam Dipteris is een samenstelling van Oudgrieks δίς, dis (tweemaal) en πτερίς, pteris (varen), naar de tweelobbige bladen.
Dipteris zijn terrestrische of lithofytische varens met een stevige, kruipende, donker behaarde rizoom die verscheidene lange, slanke bladstelen dragen. De bladen zijn tweelobbig, beide lobben op hun beurt handspletig. De nerven vertakken zich herhaaldelijk dichotoom, de kleinere nerven vormen een opvallend rechthoekig netwerk.
De sporenhoopjes zitten in twee rijen langs de hoofdnerven aan de onderzijde van de bladen en bezitten geen dekvliesje.
Het geslacht telt acht soorten:
Dipteris is een geslacht met acht soorten varens uit de familie Dipteridaceae.
Het zijn varens van tropische streken te vinden van India, Zuid-China en de Riukiu-eilanden tot in Queensland (Australië) en Fiji, die te vinden zijn op beschaduwde plaatsen op de grond of op rotsen.
