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Comments ( anglais )

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Flower color of Echinocereus dasyacanthus is spectacularly polymorphic. Unlike E. pectinatus var. wenigeri, however, the inner tepals are never white proximally. No hybrids are known to occur where the tetraploid E. dasyacanthus grows sympatrically with the diploid E. pectinatus, near the Pecos River. The names E. pectinatus var. neomexicanus and var. minor pertain to the hybrids with E. coccineus, E. ×roetteri, including E. ×lloydia. L. D. Benson (1969) misapplied the epithet neomexicanus to E. dasyacanthus. In Big Bend National Park, a few populations with unusually short spines are the basis for erroneous reports of E. pectinatus var. wenigeri, E. pectinatus var. pectinatus, and E. ctenoides (Engelmann) Lemaire. Reports from Arizona were apparently misidentifications of E. pseudopectinatus.
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Description ( anglais )

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Plants unbranched or few branched, forming loose clumps of fewer than 20 stiff branches in old age. Stems erect, ovoid, becoming cylindric with age, 11-23(-40) × (4.5-)5.5-7(-10) cm; ribs (13-)15-19(-21), crests rather sharply undulate; areoles 5-11 mm apart. Spines 19-28 per areole, straight, appressed (radial spines) or spreading in all directions (central spines), presenting relatively bristly appearance (except when spines very short, and then having relatively smooth appearance as in E. pectinatus), pink to pale yellow, white, or tan, less often dark brown or purplish, annual growth increments marked (often vaguely) by rings of spines with contrasting colors; radial spines (16-)17-25(-28) per areole, 5-15(-25) mm; central spines (2-)8-12(-15) per areole, terete, largest spines 4.5-9.5(-14) mm. Flowers 7-8.5(-10) × 7-12 cm; flower tube 10-20 × to 10 mm; flower tube hairs 1-3 mm; inner tepals either yellow (rarely orange-yellow, sometimes becoming salmon- or rose-pink with age), or rose-pink to magenta, proximal 5-30% green in either case, (25-)32-69(-77) × 8-23 mm, tips relatively thin and delicate; anthers yellow; nectar chamber 2-6 mm. Fruits dark dull purplish to maroon (sometimes remaining green), 2-3.5 cm, pulp white to purplish pink. 2n = 44.
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Flora of North America Vol. 4: 163 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Distribution ( anglais )

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N.Mex., Tex.; Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila).
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Flowering/Fruiting ( anglais )

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Flowering Mar-May; fruiting Jun-Aug.
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Flora of North America Vol. 4: 163 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Habitat ( anglais )

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Chihuahuan desert scrub, valleys to rocky canyonsides, limestone; 600-1500m.
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Flora of North America Vol. 4: 163 in eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden. Accessed Nov 12, 2008.
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Synonym ( anglais )

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Echinocereus pectinatus (Scheidweiler) Engelmann var. dasyacanthus (Engelmann) W. Earle ex N. P. Taylor
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Echinocereus dasyacanthus ( allemand )

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 src=
Echinocereus dasyacanthus
Tafel 81 von 1906 aus Blühende Kakteen

Echinocereus dasyacanthus ist eine Pflanzenart in der Gattung Echinocereus aus der Familie der Kakteengewächse (Cactaceae). Das Artepitheton dasyacanthus leitet sich von den griechischen Worten „δασύς“ (dasys) für ‚dicht‘, ‚rau‘, ‚struppig‘ und „άκανθα“ (akantha) für ‚Dorn‘ ab.[1] Englische Trivialnamen sind Golden Rainbow „Hedgehog Cactus“, „Texas Rainbow Cactus“, „Texas Rainbow Hedgehog“ und „Yellow-Flowered Pitaya“.

Beschreibung

Echinocereus dasyacanthus wächst meist einzeln mit mehrheitlich zylindrischen Trieben, die zu ihrer Spitze hin verjüngt sind. Die Triebe sind bis zu 35 Zentimeter lang und weisen Durchmesser von 13 Zentimeter auf. Es sind zwölf bis 21 Rippen vorhanden, die in niedrige Höcker gegliedert sind. Die gelben bis etwas rosafarbenen bis dunkelbraunen Dornen lassen sich häufig nicht in Mittel- und Randdornen unterscheiden. Die zwei bis fünf oder mehr Mitteldornen sind abstehend oder spreizend und weisen eine Länge von 0,2 bis 2,5 Zentimeter auf. Die zwölf bis 25 spreizenden Randdornen greifen mit denen der benachbarten Areolen ineinander und sind 0,5 bis 1,5 Zentimeter lang.

Die Blüten sind meist gelb, gelegentlich weißlich, orange-, rosa- oder purpurfarben. Sie erscheinen häufig an den Seiten der Triebe und erreichen Durchmesser von 5 bis 15 Zentimeter. Die grünen bis purpurfarbenen, meist kugelförmigen Früchte sind fleischig und mit abfallenden Dornen besetzt.

Verbreitung, Systematik und Gefährdung

Echinocereus dasyacanthus ist in den Vereinigten Staaten in den Bundesstaaten Arizona, New Mexico und Texas sowie in den benachbarten mexikanischen Bundesstaaten Sonora, Chihuahua und Coahuila verbreitet.

Die Erstbeschreibung durch George Engelmann wurde 1848 veröffentlicht.[2] Nomenklatorische Synonyme sind Cereus dasyacanthus (Engelm.) Engelm. (1849)[3] und Echinocereus pectinatus var. dasyacanthus (Engelm.) N.P.Taylor (1984).

In der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN wird die Art als „Least Concern (LC)“, d. h. als nicht gefährdet geführt.[4]

Nachweise

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

  1. Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-05597-3, S. 61.
  2. George Engelmann: Botanical Appendix. In: Friedrich Adolph Wislizenus: Memoir of a Tour to Northern Mexico: Connected with Col. Doniphan's Expedition, in 1846 and 1847. Tippin & Streeper, Washington 1848, S. 100 (online).
  3. In: Asa Gray: Plantae Fendlerianae Novi-Mexicanae: An Account of a Collection of Plants made chiefly in the Vicinity of Santa Fé, New Mexico, by Augustus Fendler; with Descriptions of the New Species, Critical Remarks, and Characters of other undescribed or little known Plants from surrounding Regions. In: Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 2. Folge, Band 4, Nummer 1, 1849, S. 50 (online).
  4. Echinocereus dasyacanthus in der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN 2013.2. Eingestellt von: Terry, M., Heil, K., Gómez-Hinostrosa, C. & Corral-Díaz, R., 2009. Abgerufen am 24. Januar 2014.

Weblinks

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Echinocereus dasyacanthus: Brief Summary ( allemand )

fourni par wikipedia DE
 src= Echinocereus dasyacanthus
Tafel 81 von 1906 aus Blühende Kakteen

Echinocereus dasyacanthus ist eine Pflanzenart in der Gattung Echinocereus aus der Familie der Kakteengewächse (Cactaceae). Das Artepitheton dasyacanthus leitet sich von den griechischen Worten „δασύς“ (dasys) für ‚dicht‘, ‚rau‘, ‚struppig‘ und „άκανθα“ (akantha) für ‚Dorn‘ ab. Englische Trivialnamen sind Golden Rainbow „Hedgehog Cactus“, „Texas Rainbow Cactus“, „Texas Rainbow Hedgehog“ und „Yellow-Flowered Pitaya“.

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Echinocereus dasyacanthus ( anglais )

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Echinocereus dasyacanthus is a member of the cactus family, Cactaceae. It is one of about 2000 total species belonging to this family. The cactus is commonly known as Texas rainbow cactus because of the subtle rings or bands of contrasting colors along the stem of the plant. Not all Texas rainbow cacti have the "rainbow" coloration on their stems. Another common name is spiny hedgehog cactus.

E. dasyacanthus can be identified as a tetraploid with predominantly yellow flowers. Experiments suggest this is due to the hybridization of E. dasyacanthus and E. coccineus. The E. dasyacanthus received its specific epithet from the two Greek words dasys and akantha, which mean "shaggy" and "thorns" respectively.[1]

Description

Echinocereus dasyacanthus plants are usually found with a single stem or 2-3 basal branches. Though it is not uncommon to find plants with 3-10 stems. The stems of Texas rainbow cactus are between 11–24 cm long and 5.5–7 cm wide and usually have 15-18 ribs. The spines usually overlap making the stem not visible. There is a great amount of variation in the spines characteristics. There are typically 4-12 central spines that are .5-1.2 cm long and 14-25 radial spines that are .7–2 cm long. The basic coloration of the spines are tan to yellow to pink. Some spines may be ashy-white to reddish brown, but that is less common.[1]

Flowers

Flower of E. dasyacanthus or Texas Rainbow Cactus

The flowering season for E. dasyacanthus is between the months of March and May. The large flower of the plant grow at the sides of the stem above the areoles close to the stem apex. The flowers are typically 8–12 cm long and 7–11 cm wide. The flowers smell sweet and are pollinated by bees. In the Trans-Pecos region of Texas the flowers are usually bright yellow with a green throat. Other color the flowers may be include dark to pale yellow, canary yellow, golden yellow or deep red to rose pink. Since this taxon of cacti are mostly yellow flowered, flowers that are beta cyanic and orange are less common. The tepals are relatively thick and durable compared to E. reichenbachii, but thin and soft compared to E. coccineus. The stamens of the flowers have filaments resulting in the floral throat being filled with a funnel of yellow anthers.[1]

Fruits

Texas Rainbow Cactus

The fruits of E. dasyacanthus are usually green or greenish purple at first. As they mature the fruits become a darker purple. The pulp is very juicy and can be white to purplish-pink in color. The fruit are globose to ellipsoid and relatively large measuring at 6 cm long and 4.5 cm wide. The spines on the fruit are deciduous.[1]

Distribution

Echinocereus dasyacanthus can be found on rocky slopes of arid mountains, desert floor, in desert grasslands and more mesic habitats. They are distributed throughout New Mexico and Texas. It occurs in every county of Texas's Trans-Pecos region except for Val Verde. Texas rainbow cactus can also be spotted as far south as Chihuahua, and Coahuila, Mexico.[1]

Cultivation

Echinocereus dasyacanthus is cultivated as an ornamental plant, for use in desert native plant natural landscaping, or as a house plant and in a greenhouse. As the Texas Rainbow cactus is a smaller cacti species, it can be easier to care for.

Growing conditions
Texas Rainbow Cactus

Texas rainbow cactus requires little to no maintenance for growing. It requires little water and a lot of sunlight to partial shade. It can grow in soil or rocky sandy substrate. Seeds of Texas rainbow cactus will germinate between 5–180 days.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Powell, A. Michael (2008). Cacti of Texas A Field Guide. Texas Tech University Press. pp. 144–147.

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Echinocereus dasyacanthus: Brief Summary ( anglais )

fourni par wikipedia EN

Echinocereus dasyacanthus is a member of the cactus family, Cactaceae. It is one of about 2000 total species belonging to this family. The cactus is commonly known as Texas rainbow cactus because of the subtle rings or bands of contrasting colors along the stem of the plant. Not all Texas rainbow cacti have the "rainbow" coloration on their stems. Another common name is spiny hedgehog cactus.

E. dasyacanthus can be identified as a tetraploid with predominantly yellow flowers. Experiments suggest this is due to the hybridization of E. dasyacanthus and E. coccineus. The E. dasyacanthus received its specific epithet from the two Greek words dasys and akantha, which mean "shaggy" and "thorns" respectively.

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Echinocereus dasyacanthus ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Echinocereus dasyacanthus es una especie de plantas en la familia Cactaceae. Es endémica de Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza en México y Nuevo México, Arizona y Texas en Estados Unidos. Es una especie común que se ha extendido por todo el mundo.

 src=
Ilustración
 src=
Vista de la planta

Descripción

Echinocereus dasyacanthus suele crecer individualmente con tallos cilíndricos, que se estrechan en la punta. Los brotes son de hasta 35 cm de largo y tienen un diámetro de 13 centímetros. Tiene de 12 a 21 costillas presentes, que se dividen en bajas jorobas. Las espinas amarillo al rosa ligeramente a marrón oscuro a menudo no se pueden distinguir de los dientes centrales y marginales. Los dos a cinco o más espinas centrales están proyectando o son transzonales y tienen una longitud de 0,2 a 2,5 centímetros. Las 12 a 25 espinas radiales en propagación de agarre con las de las areolas adyacentes, cada una mide de 0,5 a 1,5 cm de largo. Las flores son generalmente de color amarillo, de vez en cuando blanquecinas, naranja, rosa o púrpura. A menudo aparecen en los lados y alcanzan diámetro de 5 a 15 centímetros. El fruto es verde a púrpura, generalmente esférico, carnoso y lleno de espinas en descomposición.

Taxonomía

Echinocereus dasyacanthus fue descrita por George Engelmann y publicado en Memoir of a Tour to Northern Mexico: connected with Col. Doniphan's Expedition in 1846 and 1847 100. 1848.[1]

Etimología

Echinocereus: nombre genérico que deriva del griego antiguo: ἐχῖνος (equinos), que significa "erizo", y del latín cereus que significa "vela, cirio" que se refiere a sus tallos columnares erizados.

dasyacanthus: epíteto latino que significa "con densas espinas".[2]

Sinonimia
  • Cereus dasyacanthus
  • Cereus ctenoides
  • Echinocereus ctenoides
  • Echinocereus hildmannii
  • Echinocereus steereae.[3]

Referencias

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Echinocereus dasyacanthus: Brief Summary ( espagnol ; castillan )

fourni par wikipedia ES

Echinocereus dasyacanthus es una especie de plantas en la familia Cactaceae. Es endémica de Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza en México y Nuevo México, Arizona y Texas en Estados Unidos. Es una especie común que se ha extendido por todo el mundo.

 src= Ilustración  src= Vista de la planta
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Echinocereus dasyacanthus ( vietnamien )

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Echinocereus dasyacanthus là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cactaceae. Loài này được Engelm. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1848.[1]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Echinocereus dasyacanthus. Truy cập ngày 19 tháng 8 năm 2013.

Liên kết ngoài


Bài viết liên quan đến phân họ xương rồng Cactoideae này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Echinocereus dasyacanthus: Brief Summary ( vietnamien )

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Echinocereus dasyacanthus là một loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Cactaceae. Loài này được Engelm. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1848.

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