Comprehensive Description
(
anglais
)
fourni par Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology
Pseudocurimata troschelii (Günther)
Anodus troschelii Günther, 1859:418 [type locality: “Western Andes of Ecuador”].—Vari, 1989, tables 2, 3 [phylogenetic relationships].
Curimatus troschelii Günther, 1864:290 [based on type series].—Steindachner, 1880:101 [Ecuador: Guayaquil].—Eigenmann and Eigenmann, 1889:421 [reference].—Eigenmann, 1910:421 [reference]; 1920a;16 [Ecuador: Guayaquil basin]; 1921:514 [Ecuador: Guayas basin]; 1922:106, pl. 17: fig. 4 [rivers of western slopes of Ecuador].—Rendahl, 1937:5 [Ecuador, Río de Clementina, northwest of Babahoyo].
Curimatus troscheli..—Steindachner, 1902:142 [Ecuador: Río de Bodegas at Babahoyo].
Curimatus brevipes Eigenmann and Ogle, 1907:3, fig. 1 [type locality: Peru].—Eigenmann, 1910:422 [reference].—Fowler, 1945:119 [reference].
Curimatus aureus Pellegrin, 1908:342 [type locality: Ecuador: Río Guayas].—Eigenmann, 1910:422 [reference]; 1922:106 [placed as a synonym of Anodus troschelii Günther, 1859].—Fernández-Yépez, 1948:73 [reference].—Fowler, 1975:373 [as a synonym of Anodus troschelii Günther].
Curimata brevipes.—Eigenmann and Allen, 1942:299 [reference].—Fowler, 1950:279, fig. 338 [literature compilation].
Pseudocurimata troscheli.—Fernández-Yépez, 1948:46 [assignment to Pseudocurimata].—Fowler, 1975:373 [reference].—Vari, 1988:337, fig. 13 [historical biogeography].
Pseudocurimata brevipes.—Fernández-Yépez, 1948:46 [assignment to Pseudocurimata].—Fowler, 1975:372 [reference].
Curimatorbis troscheli.—Böhlke, 1958:108, pl. 7: figs. 3–4 [Ecuador: Río Santa Rosa, Río Balao; Pseudocurimata placed as a synonym of Curimatorbis Fernández-Yépez].—Ovchynnyk, 1968:250 [Ecuador: Río Vinces, Río Clementina, Río Santa Rosa, Colimes, Río Barranca Alta, Río Chanchan, Río Guayas].
Curimatus patiae.—Chirichigno, 1963:19, fig. 19 [Peru: Departamento Tumbes; Río Tumbes, Río Zarumilla].—Ortega and Vari, 1986:11 [Peru; on Chirichigno, 1963].
Curimata aureus.—Ovchynnyk, 1968:250 [Ecuador: Río Guayas].
Curimata troscheli.—Géry, 1972:96 [Ecuador: Guayaquil].
DIAGNOSIS.—The absence of discrete dark spots aligned in longitudinal rows on the scales along the lateral and dorsolateral surfaces of the body distinguishes Pseudocurimata troschelii from P. lineopunctata and P. patiae, which are characterized by that pigmentation pattern. The 35 to 37 vertebrae of P. troschelii further separate it from those two species, which have 31 to 33 vertebrae, and from P. boehlkei, which has 33 or 34 vertebrae. Pseudocurimata troschelii also lacks the discrete spot at the base of the middle caudal-fin rays characteristic of P. peruana, and has 39 to 47 scales along the lateral line to the hypural joint contrary to the 50 to 57 that typify P. boulengeri.
DESCRIPTION.—Body moderately elongate, somewhat compressed. Dorsal profile of head straight or very slightly concave in larger specimens. Dorsal profile of body distinctly convex from rear of head to origin of dorsal fin; straight and slightly posteroventrally slanted at base of dorsal fin, gently convex from base of last dorsal-fin ray to caudal peduncle. Dorsal surface of body with indistinct median keel anterior to dorsal fin, smoothly rounded transversely posterior to fin. Ventral profile of body gently curved from tip of lower jaw to caudal peduncle. Pre-pelvic region rounded without enlarged scales. Obtuse median keel posterior to pelvic fin insertion.
Greatest body depth at or somewhat anterior of origin of dorsal fin, depth 0.33–0.36 [0.33]; snout tip to origin of dorsal fin 0.50–0.54 [0.51]; snout tip to origin of anal fin 0.78–0.83 [0.80]; snout tip to insertion of pelvic fin 0.51–0.56 [0.53]; snout tip to anus 0.75–0.80 [0.76]; origin of dorsal fin to hypural joint 0.51–0.55 [0.53]. Dorsal fin pointed, less so in larger specimens, anteriormost rays two-and-one-half to three times length of ultimate ray. Pectoral-fin margin pointed; length of pectoral fin 0.17–0.20 [0.19], extends approximately two-thirds distance to vertical through insertion of pelvic fin. Pelvic-fin margin pointed, length of pelvic fin 0.20–0.23 [0.21], reaches about two-thirds distance to origin of anal fin. Caudal fin forked. Adipose fin well developed. Anal fin emarginate, anteriormost branched rays about three times length of ultimate ray. Caudal peduncle depth 0.12–0.14 [0.13].
Head distinctly pointed, head length 0.27–0.32 [0.28]; upper jaw longer, mouth subterminal; snout length 0.27–0.31 [0.31]; nostrils very close, anterior circular, posterior crescent-shaped with aperture closed by thin flap of skin separating nares; orbital diameter 0.26–0.31 [0.27]; adipose eyelid present, with vertically ovoid opening over center of eye; length of postorbital portion of head 0.42–0.48 [0.46]; gape width 0.24–0.30 [0.28]; interorbital width 0.40–0.43 [0.41].
Pored lateral line scales from supracleithrum to hypural joint 42 to 47 [43]; all scales of lateral line pored, canals in scales straight; 4 to 6 series of scales extend beyond hypural joint onto caudal-fin base; 7 to 8 [7] scales in transverse series from origin of dorsal fin to lateral line; 5 to 7 [6] scales in transverse series from lateral line to origin of anal fin.
Dorsal-fin rays ii,9 or 10, or iii,9 (ii,10 and iii,9 rare) [ii,9]; anal-fin rays ii,7, or iii,7 (iii,7 rare) [ii,7]; pectoral-fin rays 13 to 15 [14]; pelvic-fin rays i,8 [i,8].
Total vertebrae 35 (10), 36 (19), 37 (13).
LIFE COLORATION.—(Based on a series of specimens collected in the Río Tumbes system of northwestern Peru, August 1986). Overall coloration bright silver, darker on dorsal portions of head and body. Mid-lateral band on caudal peduncle largely masked by guanine on scales, more apparent posteriorly. Lateral surface of head at level of orbit light yellow, similar pigmentation present on ventral surface of lower jaw, and across branchiostegal membranes. Adipose fin distinctly yellow. Dorsal and anal fins with faint yellow coloration. Caudal-fin rays yellow basally.
COLOR IN ALCOHOL.—Overall coloration of specimens retaining guanine on scales golden to golden-tan, darker on dorsal portions of head and body. No pronounced pigmentation pattern on head. Specimens up to 30 mm SL with an indefinite mid-lateral round patch of dark chromatophores on posterior portion of caudal peduncle. Pigmented area on caudal peduncle becoming more intense and horizontally elongate with age, forming an elongate dark spot in specimens of 50 to 90 mm SL. Caudal peduncle spot more diffuse in larger specimens. Surface chromatophores underlain by a deeper-lying, longitudinally elongate area of dark pigmentation. Fins with scattered small, dark chromatophores on membranes.
DISTRIBUTION.—Rivers draining into Gulf of Guayaquil, southwestern Ecuador, and Río Zarumilla and Río Tumbes in northern Peru (Figure 14).
MATERIAL EXAMINED.—227 specimens (38, 51.4–155.3)
ECUADOR. “Western Andes of Ecuador,” BMNH 1860.6.16:173, 1 (102.8, lectotype of Anodus troschelii); BMNH 1860.6.16:174–178 and BMNH 1860.6.16:199–200, 7 (70.4–91.2, paralectotypes of Anodus troschelii). Río Guayas, MNHN 9774, 1 (122.5, lectotype of Curimatus aureus); MNHN 1988–798, 2 (123.5–128.2, paralectotypes of Curimatus aureus). Los Ríos. Vinces, BMNH 1920.12.20:73–74, 2 (91.8–94.5); CAS 60758, 6 (89.3–116.9, formerly IU 13535); USNM 76953, 6 (77.6–107.5). Río Vinces, BMNH 1898.11.4:47–49, 3; NMW 68762, 1. Bababoyo, NRM 10360, 4 (142.8155.3). Río Palenque at Centro Cienufico, FMNH 93104, 41; FMNH 92671, 132. Guayaquil. Guayaquil. NMW 68763, 1; NMW 68764, 2. Guayas. Colimes, BMNH 1924.3.3:61–63, 3 (70.7–92.5); AMNH 5368, 3 (44.6100.1); UMMZ 160221, 3.
PERU. No specific locality, USNM 35333, 1 (120.9, holotype of Curimatus brevipes); NMW 67044, 4. Tumbes. Provincia Zarumilla, middle Río Zarumilla at Pozo Lajas, USNM 280642, 2 (1, 98.1). Provincia Tumbes, Río Tumbes, north of town of Francos, USNM 280644, 1. Provincia Tumbes, Río Tumbes, south of Garbanzal, USNM 280643, 1. Provincia Tumbes, Río Tumbes, Rico Playa, USNM 280640, 2. Provincia Tumbes, Río Tumbes, vicinity of Boca Tumbes irrigation dam, USNM 280639, 11 (7.92.1–119.8).
- citation bibliographique
- Vari, Richard P. 1989. "Systematics of the Neotropical characiform genus Pseudocurimata Fernández-Yépez (Pisces:Ostariophysi)." Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 1-28. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.490
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