Pseudocurimata peruana (Eigenmann 1922)

Dorsal soft rays (total): 11 - 12; Analsoft rays: 9 - 10

Pseudocurimata peruana (Eigenmann)

Curimatus peruanus Eigenmann, 1920a:15 [Peru: Río Chira basin]; 1921:514 [Peru: Paita]; 1922:104, pl. 18: fig. 4 [type locality: Peru, Río Chira at Sullana].—Fowler, 1945:117 [reference].—Ringuelet, 1975:94 [Peru, Lambayeque, San Jose near Lambayeque].—Vari, 1989, tables 2, 3 [phylogenetic relationships; shift of species to Pseudocurimata] [not Saul, 1975:113].

Curimata peruana.—Fowler, 1950:290, fig. 347 [literature compilation].—Ortega and Vari, 1986:11 [Peru; common name].

Curimatorbis peruanus.—Fernández-Yépez, 1948:43 [assignment to Curima torbis].—Fowler, 1975:370 [reference].

Pseudocurimata peruana.—Vari, 1988:337, fig. 13 [historical biogeography].

DIAGNOSIS.—The discrete small spot of dark pigmentation at the base of the middle rays of the caudal fin distinguishes Pseudocurimata peruana from all other members of the genus. The possession of 35 to 37 vertebrae in P. peruana further distinguishes that species from P. boulengeri, P. boehlkei, and P. patiae, which have 34 or fewer vertebrae. Finally P. peruana differs from P. lineopunctata in a variety of pigmentation features (Figures 10, 11 versus 5 to 8).

DESCRIPTION.—Body moderately elongate, somewhat compressed, more so in larger specimens. Dorsal profile of head straight or more typically very slightly convex. Dorsal profile of body smoothly curved from rear of head to origin of dorsal fin; straight and slightly posteroventrally slanted at base of dorsal fin, straight or gently convex from base of last dorsal-fin ray to caudal peduncle. Dorsal surface of body with indistinct median keel anterior to dorsal fin, smoothly rounded transversely posterior to fin. Ventral profile of body gently curved from tip of lower jaw to caudal peduncle. Pre-pelvic region rounded, without enlarged scales. Obtuse median keel posterior to pelvic fin insertion.

Greatest body depth at origin of dorsal fin, depth 0.30–0.34 [0.30]; snout tip to origin of dorsal fin 0.48–0.52 [0.48]; snout tip to origin of anal fin 0.78–0.82 [0.81]; snout tip to insertion of pelvic fin 0.54–0.56 [0.54]; snout tip to anus 0.75–0.79 [0.77]; origin of dorsal fin to hypural joint 0.52–0.56 [0.55]. Dorsal fin obtusely pointed; anteriormost rays three to three-and-one-half times length of ultimate ray. Pectoral-fin margin obtusely pointed, short; length of pectoral fin 0.16 0.18 [0.16], extends approximately one-third distance to vertical through insertion of pelvic fin. Pelvic-fin margin pointed, length of pelvic fin 0.16–0.18 [0.16], reaches about one-half distance to origin of anal fin. Caudal fin forked. Adipose fin well developed. Anal fin slightly emarginate, anteriormost branched rays two to two-and-one-half times length of ultimate ray. Caudal peduncle depth 0.13–0.14 [0.13].

Head profile obtusely pointed, head length 0.23–0.27 [0.23]; upper jaw slightly longer than lower, mouth subterminal; snout length 0.28–0.32 [0.28]; nostrils very close, anterior circular, posterior crescent-shaped with aperture closed by thin flap of skin separating nares; orbital diameter 0.23–0.25 [0.23]; adipose eyelid poorly developed, with broad opening over center of eye; length of postorbital portion of head 0.46–0.49 [0.49]; gape width 0.25–0.31 [0.25]; interorbital width 0.42 0.46 [0.43].

Pored lateral line scales from supracleithrum to hypural joint 47 to 52 [52]; all scales of lateral line pored, canals in scales straight; 4 to 6 series of scales extend beyond hypural joint onto caudal-fin base; 9 to 11 [10] scales in transverse series from origin of dorsal fin to lateral line; 7 to 9 [9] scales in transverse series from lateral line to origin of anal fin.

Dorsal-fin rays ii,9 or iii,9 [ii,9]; anal-fin rays ii,7 or iii,7 [ii,7]; pectoral-fin rays 14 to 16 [16]; pelvic-fin rays i,8 or 9 [i,8].

Total vertebrae 35 (7), 36 (1).

COLOR IN ALCOHOL,—Specimens retaining guanine on scales silvery-golden, darker on dorsal portions of head and body. Specimens lacking guanine on scales tan, with dorsal two-thirds of head and body peppered by small chromatophores. Distinct longitudinally elongate dark mid-lateral band on caudal peduncle. Band commencing three to five scales anterior of vertical line through insertion of adipose fin and extending posteriorly one or two scales beyond hypural joint. Caudal peduncle band becoming progressively wider posteriorly, approximately three scales high at posterior terminus. Second vertically elongate spot of dark pigmentation overlapping margin of posteriormost mid-lateral scales and proximate portion of middle rays of caudal fin. Caudal spot distinct from mid-lateral stripe on caudal peduncle. All fins with scattered small dark chromatophores on membranes.

DISTRIBUTION.—Río Chira and Río Piura of northwestern Peru (Figure 11). The single lot of Pseudocurimata peruana from Tinajones on the Río Piura is only the second report of additional specimens of the species since its description, and the first reported occurrence in the Río Piura system. That river and the Río Chira, the type locality of the species, are now connected by an irrigation canal system. Thus it is no longer possible to determine whether the species was originally common to the two basins, or has migrated into the Río Piura system through the canal. Ringuelet (1975:94) reported on a specimen of Curimatus peruanus collected at San Jose, close to Lambayeque in the department of the same name in northwestern Peru. That record represents the most southerly record on the western versant of the Andes for the species or any curimatid and, if correct, increases the likelihood that the Río Piura was originally part of the natural range of Pseudocurimata peruana. Dr. Ramiro Barriga (MEPN) informs me (inlitt.) that P. peruana occurs in the Río Maraca of the upper Río Chira basin in Ecuador.

MATERIAL EXAMINED.—9 specimens (9, 79.3–127.3).

PERU. Piura. Río Chira at Sullana, CAS 41722, 1 (127.3, holotype of Curimatus peruanus; formerly IU 15162); CAS 41723, 1 (79.3, paratype of Curimatus peruanus; formerly IU 15162); FMNH 58673, 1 (116.2, paratype of Curimatus peruanus; formerly CM 7684). Tinajones, Río Piura basin, USNM 285667, 6 (85.6–104.9, one specimen cleared and counterstained for cartilage and bone.

Pseudocurimata peruana és una espècie de peix de la família dels curimàtids i de l'ordre dels caraciformes.

Pseudocurimata peruana es una especie de peces de la familia Curimatidae en el orden de los Characiformes.

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Pseudocurimata peruana Pseudocurimata generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Curimatidae familian sailkatzen da.

秘魯擬無齒脂鯉，為輻鰭魚綱脂鯉目脂鯉亞目無齒脂鯉科的其中一個種，分布於南美洲秘魯Chira與Piura河流域，體長可達12.7公分，棲息在底層水域，以生活習性不明。