Biology
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anglais
)
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Little is known about the reproductive biology of the bastard quiver tree (6), but the species' flowers appear in early summer (around October) (2), and their structure suggests that they may be pollinated by sunbirds (6). If this is the case, then the bastard quiver tree is one of very few species in the area that is bird-pollinated and therefore plays a key role within the ecosystem (6).
These trees are a keystone species of this region; many animals rely on their existence for a variety of different reasons (6). It is one of very few high points in this desolate vegetation that can act as a vantage point for birds of prey and as nesting sites for other birds. The succulent nature of the leaves and flowers is also an important source of moisture for a range of different animals (6).
Due to the absence of growth rings in this monocot species, it is very difficult to tell how long trees live. It is suspected, however, that they grow very slowly and live between 250 and 350 years (7).
Conservation
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Bastard quiver trees are protected in South Africa and Namibia (11), and are listed on Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), effectively banning international trade in wild plants of this species (1). Further research into this important species is vitally needed, together with the careful monitoring of existing populations (6). Bastard quiver trees are a vital component of the Succulent Karoo ecosystem and an important tourist draw to the region, thus making conservation efforts imperative for the area.
Description
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The bastard quiver tree casts a dramatic shape on the desolate skyline of the Succulent Karoo in southern Africa. This succulent tree can be up to ten metres tall; there are only a few branches high up on the trunk and reaching skywards, whilst the leaves tend to droop down (2). The bark is pale and smooth, often flaking off in large sections (2). The bright yellow flowers are produced on branched inflorescences that are located below the leaf rosettes (2).
Habitat
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anglais
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The bastard quiver tree is mainly confined to intensely hot and arid areas of the Succulent Karoo biome which receive winter rainfall which may be supplemented with fog precipitation (2) (4). It grows on rocky, gravel slopes of mountain summits and occasionally on sandy plains (4).
Range
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anglais
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Found mainly in the Richtersveld region of the Northern Cape Province of South Africa, reaching north into southern Namibia (1).
Status
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anglais
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Classified as Endangered (EN) on the latest Red List of South African Plants (3), as well as on the Red List of Namibian Plants (4) and listed on Appendix I of CITES (5).
Threats
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Recent surveys of the bastard quiver tree in the Richtersveld region of the Northern Cape Province of South Africa, as well as in Namibia, suggest that there has been very little successful reproduction in the last 100 years. In addition, many of the older trees are dying, indicating that the population does not appear to be naturally regenerating (6) (8). The rarity of the bastard quiver tree may be partly attributed to their habitat; in harsh environments the problems of survival are amplified (6). Similar declines in population regeneration in sister species Aloe dichotoma, (the quiver tree), have been attributed to climate change (9) and it is very likely that the bastard quiver tree is being affected similarly. These effects are worsened by the removal of plants by horticultural collectors, as well as through herbivory by baboon, porcupines, rock rabbits and livestock, which also trample young plants (3) (4) (6) (8). Populations may also be affected by damage caused by leaf scale insects, and by base metal mining in Namibia (10).
Aloe pillansii
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azéri
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Aloe pillansii: Brief Summary
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azéri
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Aloe pillansii (lat. Aloe pillansii) - asfodelinakimilər fəsiləsinin əzvay cinsinə aid bitki növü.
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Aloe pillansii
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allemand
)
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Aloe pillansii ist eine Pflanzenart der Gattung der Aloen in der Unterfamilie der Affodillgewächse (Asphodeloideae). Das Artepitheton pillansii ehrt den südafrikanischen Botaniker Neville Stuart Pillans (1884–1964).[1]
Beschreibung
Vegetative Merkmale
Aloe pillansii wächst stammbildend und verzweigt ab etwa der Mitte dichotomisch. Der Stamm erreicht Wuchshöhen von bis 10 Metern oder mehr. Er hat an der Basis Durchmesser von 1 bis 2 Meter und verjüngt sich nach oben hin auf etwa 20 Zentimeter. Die glatten, lanzettlich verschmälerten, graugrünen bis bräunlich grünen Laubblätter sind leicht sichelförmig und sitzen rosettenförmig zusammen. Die Blattspreite ist 50 bis 60 Zentimeter lang und 10 bis 12 Zentimeter breit. Die weißen Blattränder sind mit 1 bis 2 Millimeter großen weißen Zähnchen besetzt, die 5 bis 8 Millimeter voneinander entfernt stehen.
Blütenstände und Blüten
Der bis 50 mal verzweigte traubige Blütenstand erreicht eine Höhe von etwa 50 Zentimetern. Die lockeren, zylindrischen Blütentrauben sind bis 15 Zentimeter lang und bestehen aus etwa 30 Einzelblüten. Die Blütenstiele besitzen eine Länge von 10 Millimetern. Die gelben Blüten sind bis 35 Millimeter lang und an der Basis verschmälert. Die Tepalen sind auf einer Länge von 25 Millimetern nicht verwachsen. Die Staubblätter und der Griffel ragen 10 bis 15 Millimeter aus der Blütenhülle heraus.
Systematik, Verbreitung und Gefährdung
Aloe pillansii ist in Namibia und der südafrikanischen Provinz Nordkap auf heißen, trocknen und felsigen Hängen verbreitet. Die Erstbeschreibung durch Louise Guthrie (1879–1966) wurde 1928 veröffentlicht.[2] Ein Synonym ist Aloidendron pillansii (L.Guthrie) Klopper & Gideon F.Sm. (2013).[3]
Aloe pillansii wird in Anhang I des Washingtoner Artenschutz-Übereinkommen geführt.[4] In der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN wird die Art als „Critically Endangered (CR)“, d. h. vom Aussterben bedroht, eingestuft.[5]
Nachweise
Literatur
-
Susan Carter, John J. Lavranos, Leonard E. Newton, Colin C. Walker: Aloes. The definitive guide. Kew Publishing, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 2011, ISBN 978-1-84246-439-7, S. 693.
- Leonard Eric Newton: Aloe pillansii. In: Urs Eggli (Hrsg.): Sukkulenten-Lexikon. Einkeimblättrige Pflanzen (Monocotyledonen). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3662-7, S. 169–170.
Einzelnachweise
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↑ Gideon F. Smith, Colin C. Walker, Estrela Figueiredo: What’s in a name: epithets in Aloe L. (Asphodelaceae) and what to call the next new species. In: Bradleya. Band 28, 2010, S. 87.
-
↑ Journal of Botany, British and Foreign. Band 66, London 1928, S. 15.
-
↑ Olwen Megan Grace, Ronell R. Klopper, Gideon F. Smith, Neil R. Crouch, Estrela Figueiredo, Nina Ronsted, Abraham E. van Wyk: A revised generic classification for Aloe (Xanthorrhoeaceae subfam. Asphodeloideae). In: Phytotaxa. Band 76, Nummer 1, 2013, S. 7–14 (doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.76.1.1).
-
↑ Appendices I, II and III valid from 3 April 2012. (abgerufen am 10. August 2012).
-
↑ Aloe pillansii in der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN 2010. Eingestellt von: Hilton-Taylor, C., 1998. Abgerufen am 10. April 2010.
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Aloe pillansii: Brief Summary
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allemand
)
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Aloe pillansii ist eine Pflanzenart der Gattung der Aloen in der Unterfamilie der Affodillgewächse (Asphodeloideae). Das Artepitheton pillansii ehrt den südafrikanischen Botaniker Neville Stuart Pillans (1884–1964).
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Aloidendron pillansii
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anglais
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Aloidendron pillansii, formerly Aloe pillansii, the giant quiver tree or bastard quiver tree, is a large, branching species of succulent plant indigenous to southern Africa. It is regarded as critically endangered.
Description
Aloidendron pillansii grows up to 15 m in height. It branches dichotomously, and superficially resembles Aloidendron dichotomum. It can be distinguished by its paler, wider, recurved leaves, and its taller, more sparsely branched growth form. The branches are made of a fiber that is soft and penetrable, which allows them to store water. Because of its habitat, the Aloidendron pillansii can shed itself of its branches and leaves if they deem detrimental to its survival.
Its round, bright yellow flowers are pendant, and hang down below the rosette (unlike those of the other tree aloes). They appear in Spring.
Distribution
It is found around the border between Namibia and South Africa, where its natural habitat is upper mountain slopes, in the arid winter-rainfall Richtersveld shrubland. It is severely threatened by habitat loss, illegal collecting, and livestock grazing. The species will not survive without intervention.
Cultivation
It rarely appears in cultivation, as it is an extremely slow growing species, and difficult to cultivate.
It requires full sun, extremely well-drained rocky mineral soil, and very dry conditions. In habitat, it grows on rocky slopes in a desert region which receives its sparse rainfall predominantly in the winter.
References
- "Bastard quiver tree". ARKive. Archived from the original on 2009-06-17. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
- "Aloidendron pillansii". Namibian Biodiversity Database. Retrieved 2023-06-01.
- "Aloe pillansii". Desert plants. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
- "Aloe pillansii". Be-Amazed Gardening. Archived from the original on 2009-08-11. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
- "Aloe pillansii". The Cactus and succulent plant mall. Archived from the original on 7 February 2010. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
- "Aloe pillansii". Succulent Plant Site South Africa. Retrieved 2010-02-13.
- Vernon, Trail, Jesse. Quiver Trees, Phantom Orchids & Rock Splitters : The Remarkable Survival Strategies of Plants, ECW Press, 2015. ProQuest Ebook Central, ProQuest 2134869252
- Duncan, J., Hoffman, T., Rohde, R. et al. Long-term population changes in the Giant Quiver Tree, Aloe pillansii in the Richtersveld, South Africa. Plant Ecol 185, 73–84 (2006).doi:10.1007/s11258-005-9085-0
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Aloidendron pillansii: Brief Summary
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Aloidendron pillansii, formerly Aloe pillansii, the giant quiver tree or bastard quiver tree, is a large, branching species of succulent plant indigenous to southern Africa. It is regarded as critically endangered.
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Aloidendron pillansii
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espagnol ; castillan
)
fourni par wikipedia ES
Aloidendron pillansii es una especie de planta fanerógama perteneciente a la familia Xanthorrhoeaceae.
Aloidendron pillansii no es fácil de confundir con Aloidendron dichotomum. Aloidendron pillansii puede distinguirse fácilmente mirando a la inflorescencia que se ve casi horizontalmente en la roseta. Aloidendron pillansii es también mucho más robusta que el Aloidendron dichotomum.[2]
Descripción
El tronco amarillo-gris se divide en ramas erectas, que terminan en grandes rosetas de grosor carnoso y con hojas de color verde grisáceo de (600 mm de longitud). Las hojas son de color blanquecino-cartilaginoso con bordes de dientes cartilaginosos. La inflorescencia es ramificada y las flores son de color amarillo y ligeramente hinchadas en el centro. Florece en octubre.[3]
Distribución y hábitat
Se encuentran en Namibia y Sudáfrica. Su hábitat natural son las praderas tropicales y subtropicales. Está tratado en peligro de extinción por pérdida de hábitat. Aloidendron pillansii se produce en Cornell's Kop Richtersveld en el norte de Brandberg, en Namibia.[4]
Taxonomía
Aloidendron pillansii fue descrita por Adolf Engler y publicado en Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 10: 2, en el año 1889.[5]
- Etimología
Aloidendron: nombre genérico de origen muy incierto: podría ser derivado del griego άλς, άλός (als, alós), "sal" - dando άλόη, ης, ή (aloé, oés) que designaba tanto la planta como su jugo - debido a su sabor, que recuerda el agua del mar.[6] De allí pasó al Latín ălŏē, ēs con la misma aceptación, y que, en sentido figurado, significaba también "amargo". Se ha propuesto también un origen árabe, alloeh, que significa "la sustancia amarga brillante"; pero es más probablemente de origen complejo a través del hébreo: ahal (אהל), frecuentemente citado en textos bíblicos.[7][8] La parte de "dendron" viene del griego "dɛndrɒn" que significa "árbol".
pillansii: epíteto otorgado en honor de Neville Stuart Pillans, un conocido botánico de El Cabo recopilador de Aloe pillansii.
- Sinonimia
Referencias
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Aloidendron pillansii: Brief Summary
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espagnol ; castillan
)
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Aloidendron pillansii es una especie de planta fanerógama perteneciente a la familia Xanthorrhoeaceae.
Aloidendron pillansii no es fácil de confundir con Aloidendron dichotomum. Aloidendron pillansii puede distinguirse fácilmente mirando a la inflorescencia que se ve casi horizontalmente en la roseta. Aloidendron pillansii es también mucho más robusta que el Aloidendron dichotomum.
![src=]()
Vista de la planta
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Aloe pillansii
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basque
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(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Aloe pillansii: Brief Summary
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Aloe pillansii Aloe generoko landare loreduna da, Xanthorrhoeaceae familiakoa.
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Aloe pillansii
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Aloidendron pillansii
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Aloidendron pillansii (L.Guthrie) Klopper & Gideon è una pianta succulenta della famiglia Asphodelaceae.[2][3]
Descrizione
È una specie arborea con fusti alti sino a 10 m, che si ramificano dicotomicamente.[4]
Le foglie, curve e lanceolate, dal margine dentato, sono addensate in rosette apicali.
L'infiorescenza è un racemo lungo circa 15 cm, che raggruppa una trentina di fiori di colore giallo.
Il frutto è una capsula sferica, deiscente, che contiene semi di consistenza cartacea, a disseminazione anemocora.
Distribuzione e habitat
La specie è un endemismo ristretto del Richtersveld, nella provincia sudafricana del Capo Settentrionale.[1]
Conservazione
La Lista rossa IUCN classifica Aloidendron pillansii come specie in pericolo critico di estinzione (Critically Endangered).[1]
Note
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^ a b c (EN) Hilton-Taylor, C. 1998, Aloe pillansii, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020. URL consultato il 25/1/2020.
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^ (EN) Aloidendron pillansii, in Plants of the World Online, Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. URL consultato il 15/7/2021.
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^ (EN) The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the ordines and families of flowering plants: APG IV, in Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, vol. 181, n. 1, 2016, pp. 1–20.
-
^ (EN) Aloidendron pillansii, in PlantZAfrica.com, South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI). URL consultato il 5 settembre 2019.
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Aloidendron pillansii: Brief Summary
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Aloidendron pillansii (L.Guthrie) Klopper & Gideon è una pianta succulenta della famiglia Asphodelaceae.
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Aloe pillansii
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portugais
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Aloe pillansii é uma espécie de liliopsida do gênero Aloe, pertencente à família Asphodelaceae.
Referências
Bibliografia
- Moran, R. 1992. Aloe wild in California. Cact. Succ. J. (Los Angeles) 64: 55-56.
- Reynolds, G. W. 1982. The Aloes of South Africa, ed. 4. Rotterdam.
- Urs Eggli (Hrsg.): Sukkulenten-Lexikon. Einkeimblättrige Pflanzen (Monocotyledonen). Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3662-7, S. 104–193.
- Walter C. Holmes & Heather L. White: Aloaceae in der Flora of Northern America, Volume 26, S. 410: Aloe - Online.
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Aloe pillansii: Brief Summary
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portugais
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Aloe pillansii é uma espécie de liliopsida do gênero Aloe, pertencente à família Asphodelaceae.
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