Sepia prashadi, common name hooded cuttlefish, is a widely distributed species of cuttlefish.[3] It has a thin, oval body and grows from 5 to 11 cm. The tips of the tentacles have a distinct club shape. S. prashadi is a migratory, demersal cuttlefish living in shallow waters at depths of approximately 40 to 50 metres. It is found in many locations including the east coast of Africa, around India, in the Red Sea, and Persian Gulf.
The species was first reported in 1936 by Ronald Winckworth.[1][2][3]
The common mantle of this species grows from 5 to 11 cm.[4] It has an elongate, thin, oval body. It has tapering, subequal arms, and fins of medium width. At the end of the tentacles are broad, short, club shapes. There is a series of suckers on these clubs that are organized into eight oblique transverse rows. These suckers are of different sizes with three being enlarged on the third series. The dorsal surface of the cuttle bone is pink, making it highly distinct.[5] Off Mumbai, India, the dorsal mantle lengths measured from 55 to 95 mm.[5]
Sepia prashadi is very widely distributed, chiefly in the Indian Ocean.[1][2][3] It is found all along the east coast of Africa, around Madagascar, the waters of India, the Bay of Bengal, in the Red Sea, Persian Gulf, Gulf of Oman, and in the Andaman Sea.[1][6] It is native to almost two dozen countries.[A]
This is a demersal species that lives in shallow waters at depths of roughly 40 meters to 50 meters. It is migratory as evidenced by a very notable seasonal occurrence pattern.[5] In the waters of northeastern India the greatest numbers are seen between January and June. However, during some years it is most abundant between October and December. In more southern Indian waters such as those of Chennai, it occurs in greater numbers between January and April. It becomes abundant during times when there is an upwelling of deep water.[1][7]
Males exhibit various displays to attract females for coitus. While copulating, female is held by male, which puts his hectocotylus in the female's mantle cavity. Fertilization is the common outcome. Males die shortly after spawning. Females die after brooding.[4] Hooded cuttlefish may act more curious and confident around divers compared to the behavior of squid or octopus.[B]
Analysis of specimens off the coast of Mumbai showed that they were feeding mainly on prawns.[5]
This species is caught in the Red Sea and also in India off the northeast coast by trawlers.[1] It is also caught unintentionally as bycatch in comparatively small amounts off the northeast coast of India, which is not reflected independently in catch statistics.[1] In 2005 in the Gulf of Suez, stock assessment studies identified Sepia prashadi as an "under-exploited resource."[1] Population and density are unknown[9] as there have been no studies, and catch statistics are merely anecdotal and under reported.[1] Ideally, in some habitats fishing needs to be curtailed.
Increased carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere causes ocean acidification. This "is potentially a threat to all cuttlefish", which respond by having a "denser cuttlebone" likely to negatively affect buoyancy regulation.[1][10]
Sepia prashadi, common name hooded cuttlefish, is a widely distributed species of cuttlefish. It has a thin, oval body and grows from 5 to 11 cm. The tips of the tentacles have a distinct club shape. S. prashadi is a migratory, demersal cuttlefish living in shallow waters at depths of approximately 40 to 50 metres. It is found in many locations including the east coast of Africa, around India, in the Red Sea, and Persian Gulf.
Sepia prashadi is een soort in de taxonomische indeling van de inktvissen, een klasse dieren die tot de stam der weekdieren (Mollusca) behoort. De inktvis komt enkel in zout water voor en is in staat om van kleur te veranderen. Hij beweegt zich voort door water in zijn mantel te pompen en het er via de sifon weer krachtig uit te persen. De inktvis is een carnivoor en zijn voedsel bestaat voornamelijk uit vis, krabben, kreeften en weekdieren die ze met de zuignappen op hun grijparmen vangen.
De inktvis komt uit het geslacht Sepia en behoort tot de familie Sepiidae. Sepia prashadi werd in 1936 beschreven door Winckworth.[1]
Bronnen, noten en/of referentiesSepia prashadi là một loài mực có phân bố rộng khắp.[3] Loài này được ghi nhận lần đầu năm 1936 bởi Ronald Winckworth.[1][2][3] Nang loài mực này dài từ 5 đến 11 cm.[4]
Sepia prashadi phân bố chủ yếu ở Ấn Độ Dương.[1][2][3] Chúng được tìm thấy dọc theo bờ đông châu Phi, xung quanh Madagascar, các vùng biển Ấn Độ, vịnh Bengal, Biển Đỏ, vịnh Ba Tư, vịnh Oman,[5] và biển Andaman.[1][6] Nó là loài bản địa hậu như hàng chục quốc gia.[a]
Lỗi chú thích: Đã tìm thấy thẻ với tên nhóm “lower-alpha”, nhưng không tìm thấy thẻ tương ứng tương ứng, hoặc thẻ đóng bị thiếu
Sepia prashadi là một loài mực có phân bố rộng khắp. Loài này được ghi nhận lần đầu năm 1936 bởi Ronald Winckworth. Nang loài mực này dài từ 5 đến 11 cm.
Sepia prashadi phân bố chủ yếu ở Ấn Độ Dương. Chúng được tìm thấy dọc theo bờ đông châu Phi, xung quanh Madagascar, các vùng biển Ấn Độ, vịnh Bengal, Biển Đỏ, vịnh Ba Tư, vịnh Oman, và biển Andaman. Nó là loài bản địa hậu như hàng chục quốc gia.
