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Sander vitreus (Mitchill 1818)

catalan ; valencien
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Sander vitreus ( catalan ; valencien )

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Sander vitreus és una espècie de peix de la família dels pèrcids i de l'ordre dels perciformes present a les conques dels Grans Llacs d'Amèrica del Nord,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11] del riu Sant Llorenç, de l'Oceà Àrtic[12] i del riu Mississipí des del Quebec fins als Territoris del Nord-oest al Canadà[13][14][15][16][17] i Alabama i Arkansas als Estats Units. Ha estat extensament introduït a les conques atlàntiques, pacífiques i del golf de Mèxic dels Estats Units.[18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]

Morfologia

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Representació d'aquest peix a Garrison (Minnesota), Estats Units)
Pescador a Pennsilvània

Els mascles poden assolir 107 cm de longitud total (normalment, en fa 54)[52] i 11,3 kg de pes.[53] Té 13-17 espines i 18-22 radis tous a l'aleta dorsal i 2 espines i 11-14 radis tous a l'anal i 44-48 vèrtebres.[54][55]

Ecologia

És un peix d'aigua dolça i salabrosa, demersal, potamòdrom[56] i de clima temperat (55°N-35°N ), el qual viu fins als 27 m de fondària[57][58] als llacs, llacunes, masses d'aigües estancades i rius mitjans i grans. Prefereix els grans llacs poc fondos i amb una alta terbolesa.[59][60][55]

Menja de nit principalment peixos (com ara Perca flavescens[61] i Aplodinotus grunniens) i insectes, i, en menor mesura, crancs, caragols, granotes i petits mamífers quan peixos i insectes esdevenen escassos.[62][63][64][65][66][67]

Al Canadà és depredat pel lluç de riu (Esox lucius), Esox masquinongy, Stizostedion canadense i Stizostedion vitreum, i als Estats Units per Morone americana[68] i la llampresa de mar (Petromyzon marinus).[69][70]

És inofensiu per als humans i la seua esperança de vida és de 29 anys.[71][72][55]

Ús comercial i gastronòmic

No és molt conreat comercialment per al consum humà, però si que ho és per a omplir llacs destinats a la pesca esportiva.[73] Es comercialitza fresc o congelat i es menja fregit, rostit, enfornat i fet al forn microones.[74][55]

Referències

  1. ↑ Oken L., 1817. V. Kl. Fische. Isis (Oken) v. 8 (núm. 148). 1779-1782 (for 1179-1182 + -1182a-).
  2. ↑ Mitchill, S. L., 1818. Memoir on ichthyology. The fishes of New York... In a supplement to the Memoir... Am. Monthly Mag. Crit. Rev. v. 2: 241-248, 321-328.
  3. ↑ BioLib
  4. ↑ Catalogue of Life (anglès)
  5. ↑ Wolfert, D.R., 1981. The commercial fishery for walleyes in New York waters of Lake Erie, 1959-1978. N. Am. J. Fish. Manage. 1:112-126.
  6. ↑ Shuter, B.J., J.F. Koonce i H.A. Regier, 1979. Modeling the western Lake Erie walleye population: a feasibility study. Tech. Rep. No.32, Great Lakes Fishery Commission. Abril del 1979; 40 p.
  7. ↑ Petit, G.D., 1973. Effects of dissolved oxygen on survival and behavior of selected fishes of western Lake Erie. Bull. Ohio Biol. Survey 4:1-76.
  8. ↑ Knight, R.L. i B. Vondracek, 1993. Changes in prey fish populations in western lake Erie, 1969-1988, as related to walleye, Stizostedion vitreum, predation. Can. J. Fish. Aquat Sci. 50 :1289-1298.
  9. ↑ Hubbs, C.L. i K.F. Lagler, 1941. Guide to the fishes of the Great Lakes and tributary waters. Cranbook Inst. Sci. Bull. 18:100 p.
  10. ↑ Hubbs, C.L., 1926. A check-list of the fishes of the Great Lakes and tributary waters, with nomenclatorial notes and analytic keys. Univ. Mich. Mus. Zool. Misc. Publ. 15:77 p.
  11. ↑ Hohn, M.H., 1966. Analysis of plankton ingested by Stizostedium vitreum vitreum (Mitchill) fry and concurrent vertical plankton tows from Southwestern Lake Erie, May 1961 and May 19621-2. The Ohio J. Sci. 66(2):193.
  12. ↑ Pennant, T., 1792. Arctic zoology. Segona edició. Londres 1(1):1-334; 2:1-418.
  13. ↑ Rawson, D.S., 1956. The life history of the yellow walleye, Stizostedion vitreum, in Lac La Ronge, Saskatchewan. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 86(1):15-37.
  14. ↑ Nelson, J.S. i M.J. Paetz, 1992. The fishes of Alberta. The University of Alberta Press, el Canadà.
  15. ↑ Coker, G.A., C.B. Portt i C.K. Minns, 2001. Morphological and ecological characteristics of Canadian freshwater fishes. Can. Manuscr. Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. Núm. 2554. 89 p.
  16. ↑ Coad, B.W., 1995. Encyclopedia of Canadian fishes. Canadian Museum of Nature and Canadian Sportfishing Productions Inc. Singapur.
  17. ↑ Carl, G.C., W.A. Clemens i C.C. Lindsey, 1959. The freshwater fishes of British Columbia (3a. revisió). B.C. Prov. Mus. Handb. 5:192 p.
  18. ↑ FishBase (anglès)
  19. ↑ Albert, G.E., 1995. Completion report 1994: Lake Pepin. Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources. F-29-R(P)-14.
  20. ↑ Albert, G.E., 1995. Completion report 1994: Lake Winnibigoshish. Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources. F-29-R(P)-14.
  21. ↑ Barron, M.G., M.J. Anderson, D. Cacela, J. Lipton, S.J. The, D.E. Hinton, J.T. Zelikoff, A.L. Dikkeboom, D.E. Tillitt, M. Holey i N. Denslow, 2000. PCBs, liver lesions and biomarker responses in adult walleye (Stizostedium vitreum vitreum) collected from Green Bay, Wisconsin. J. Great Lakes Res. 26:250-771.
  22. ↑ Boe, S.J., 1995. Completion report 1994: Cass Lake. Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources. Report F-29-R(P)-14.
  23. ↑ Boe, S.J., 1995. Completion report 1994: Upper Red Lake. Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources. F-29-R(P)-14.
  24. ↑ Carlander, K.D., 1945. Age, growth, sexual maturity, and population fluctuations of the yellow pike-perch, Stizostedion vitreum vitreum (Mitchill), with reference to the commercial fisheries, Lake of the Woods, Minnesota. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 73:90-107.
  25. ↑ Carlander, K.D. i L.E. Hiner, 1943. Fisheries investigation and management report for Lake Vermilion, St. Louis County. Minn. Bur. Fish. Res. Invest. 54:1-175.
  26. ↑ Chevalier, J.R., 1977. Changes in walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitrem) population in Rainy Lake and factors in abundance, 1924-1975. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 34:1696-1702.
  27. ↑ Cleary, R.E., 1949. Life history and management of the yellow pikeperch, Stizostedion v. vitreum (Mitchill), of Clear Lake, Iowa. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 23(2):195-208.
  28. ↑ Eibler, J., 1995. Completion report 1994: Lake Kabetogama. Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources. F-29-R(P).
  29. ↑ Eibler, J., 1995. Completion report 1994: Rainy Wood. Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources. Report F-29-R(P)-14.
  30. ↑ Haukos, N.A., 1995. Completion report 1994: Leech Lake. Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources. F-29-R(P)-14.
  31. ↑ Heinrich, T., 1995. Completion report 1994: Lake of the Woods. Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources. Report F-29-R(P)-14.
  32. ↑ Jelks, H.L., S.J. Walsh, N.M. Burkhead, S. Contreras-Balderas, E. Díaz-Pardo, D.A. Hendrickson, J. Lyons, N.E. Mandrak, F. McCormick, J.S. Nelson, S.P> Platania, B.A. Porter, C.B. Renaud, J.J. Schmitter-Soto, E.B. Taylor i M.L. Warren, Jr., 2008. Conservation status of imperiled North American freshwater and diadromous fishes. Fisheries 33(8): 372-407.
  33. ↑ Jordan, D.S. i B.W. Evermann, 1896. The fishes of North and Middle America: a descriptive catalogue of the species of fish-like vertebrates found in the waters of North America, north of the isthmus of Panama. Part I. Bull. U.S. Nat. Mus. 47:1-1240.
  34. ↑ McAllister, D.E., 1964. Fish Collections from eastern Hudson bay. Can. Field-Nat. 78:167-178.
  35. ↑ McPhail, J.D. i C.C. Lindsey, 1970. Freshwater fishes of northwestern Canada and Alaska. Fish. Res. Board Can. Bull. 173:381 p.
  36. ↑ Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea i J.D. Williams, 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda (Maryland)|Bethesda, Maryland, Estats Units.
  37. ↑ Page, L.M. i B.M. Burr, 1991. A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Estats Units. 432 p.
  38. ↑ Poe, T.P., H.C. Hansel, S. Vigg, D.E. Palmer i L.A. Predergast, 1991. Feeding of predaceous fishes on out-migrating juvenile salmonids in John Day Reservoir, Columbia River. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 120(4):405-420.
  39. ↑ Quist, M.C., J.L. Stephen, C.S. Guy i R.D. Schultz, 2004. Age structure and mortality of walleyes in Kansas reservoirs: use of mortality caps to establish realistic management objectives. North Am. J. Fish. Manage. 24(3):990-1002.
  40. ↑ Rempel, L.L. i D.G. Smith, 1998. Postglacial fish dispersal from the Mississippi refuge to the Mackenzie River basin. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 55:893-899.
  41. ↑ Richardson, J., 1836. The fish. Fauna Boreali-Americana; or the zoology of of the northern parts of British America. (3):327 p.
  42. ↑ Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174.
  43. ↑ Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Pub. (20):183 p.
  44. ↑ Roseberry, D.A., 1951. Fishery management of Claytor Lake, an impoundment on the New River in Virginia. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 80:194-209.
  45. ↑ Sakamoto, C.J. i D.A. White, 1974. A growth and fecundity study of Utah Lake walleye spawning on the Provo River, spring 1974. Proc. Utah Acad. Sci. Arts Lett. 51(2):69-72.
  46. ↑ Schueller, A.M., M.J. Hansen, S.P. Newman i C.J. Edwards, 2005. Density dependence of walleye maturity and fecundity in Big Crooked Lake, Wisconsin, 1997-2003. N. Am. J. Fish. Manage. 25:841-847.
  47. ↑ Serns, S.D., 1982. Influence of various factors on density and growth of age-0 walleyes in Escanaba Lake, Wisconsin, 1958-1980. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 111(3):299-306.
  48. ↑ Stroud, R.H., 1959. Rate of growth and condition of game and pan fish in Cherokee and Douglas Reservoirs, Tennessee, and Hiwassee Reservoir, North Carolina. J. Tenn. Acad. Sci. 24(1):60-74.
  49. ↑ Tomelleri, J.R. i M.E. Eberle, 1990. Fishes of the central United States. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas. 226 p.
  50. ↑ VanderKooy, S.J. i M.S. Peterson, 1998. Critical current speeds for young Gulf Coast walleyes. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 127(1):137-140
  51. ↑ Willams, D., 1995. Completion report 1994: Lake Vermilion. Minnesota Dept. of Natural Resources. Report F-29-R(P)-14
  52. ↑ Hugg, D.O., 1996. MAPFISH georeferenced mapping database. Freshwater and estuarine fishes of North America. Life Science Software. Dennis O. i Steven Hugg, 1278 Turkey Point Road, Edgewater, Maryland, Estats Units.
  53. ↑ IGFA, 1991. World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, els Estats Units
  54. ↑ Scott, W.B. i E.J. Crossman, 1973. Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 184:1-966.
  55. ↑ 55,0 55,1 55,2 55,3 FishBase (anglès)
  56. ↑ Riede, K., 2004. Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Alemanya. 329 p.
  57. ↑ Regier, H.A., V.C. Applegate, R.A. Ryder, J.V. Manz, R.G. Ferguson, H.D. Van Meter i J.R. Wolfert, 1969. The ecology and management of the walleye in western Lake Erie. Great Lakes Fish. Comm. Tech. Rep. 15:101 p.
  58. ↑ Eaton, J.G., J.H. McCormick, B.E. Goodno, D.G. O'Brien, H.G. Stefany, M. Hondzo i R.M. Scheller, 1995. A field information-based system for estimating fish temperature tolerances. Fisheries 20(4):10-18
  59. ↑ Frimodt, C., 1995. Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, Anglaterra. 215 p.
  60. ↑ Etnier, D.A. i W.C. Starnes, 1993. The fishes of Tennessee. The University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, Tennessee, Estats Units.
  61. ↑ Smith, L.L. Jr., 1977. Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) and yellow perch (Perca flavescens) populations and fisheries of the Red Lakes, Minnesota, 1930-1975. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 34:1774-1783
  62. ↑ Scott, W.B. i E.J. Crossman, 1973
  63. ↑ Hokanson, K. i G. Lein, 1986. Effects of diet on growth and survival of larval walleyes. Prog. Fish. Cult. 48:250-258
  64. ↑ Stephenson, S.A. i W.T. Momot, 1991. Food habits and growth of walleye, Stizostedion vitreum, smallmouth bass, Micropterus dolomieui, and northern pike, Esox lucius, in the Kaministiquia River, Ontario. Can. Field Nat. 105(4):517-521.
  65. ↑ Vigg, S., T.P. Poe, L.A. Prendergast i H.C. Hansel, 1991. Rates of consumption of juvenile salmonids and alternative prey fish by northern squawfish, walleyes, smallmouth bass, and channel catfish in John Day Reservoir, Columbia River. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 120(4):421-438.
  66. ↑ Wolfert, D.R., 1966. Food of young-of the-year walleyes in Lake Erie. Fish. Bull. 65(2):489-494.
  67. ↑ Zimmerman, M.P., 1999. Food habits of smallmouth bass, walleyes, and northern pikeminnow in the lower Columbia river basin during outmigration of juvenile anadromous salmonids. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 128(6):1036-1054.
  68. ↑ Schaeffer, J.S. i F.J. Margraf, 1987. Predation on fish eggs by white perch, Morone americana, in western lake Erie. Environ. Biol. Fish. 18(1):77-80
  69. ↑ Farmer, J.G., 1980. Biology and physiology of feeding in adult lampreys. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37:1751-1761
  70. ↑ FishBase (anglès)
  71. ↑ Hugg, D.O., 1996.
  72. ↑ Rose, E.T., 1951. Notes on the age and growth of Spirit Lake yellow pikeperch (Stizostedion v. vitreum). Proc. Iowa Acad. Sci. 58:517-526.
  73. ↑ Li, S. i J.A. Mathias, 1982. Causes of high mortality among cultured larval walleye. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 111(6):710-721.
  74. ↑ Frimodt, C., 1995.

Bibliografia

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  • Billington, N., P.D.N. Hebert i R.D. Ward, 1990. Allozyme and mitochondrial DNA variation among three species of Stizostedion (Percidae): phylogenetic and zoogeographical implications. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 47:1093-1102.
  • Carlander, K.D., 1950. Handbook of freshwater fishery biology. Wm. C. Brown Co., Dubuque, Iowa. 427 p.
  • Carlander, K.D., 1953. First supplement to the Handbook of freshwater fishery biology. Wm. C. Brown, Dubuque, Iowa. p. 277-429.
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Sander vitreus: Brief Summary ( catalan ; valencien )

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Sander vitreus és una espècie de peix de la família dels pèrcids i de l'ordre dels perciformes present a les conques dels Grans Llacs d'Amèrica del Nord, del riu Sant Llorenç, de l'Oceà Àrtic i del riu Mississipí des del Quebec fins als Territoris del Nord-oest al Canadà i Alabama i Arkansas als Estats Units. Ha estat extensament introduït a les conques atlàntiques, pacífiques i del golf de Mèxic dels Estats Units.

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cc-by-sa-3.0
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