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Carangue Monique

Carangoides malabaricus (Bloch & Schneider 1801)

Trophic Strategy ( anglais )

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Pelagic species which occurs in inshore waters of the continental shelf (Ref. 75154).
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Morphology ( anglais )

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Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 20 - 23; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 17 - 19
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Migration ( anglais )

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Amphidromous. Refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea (in both directions), but not for the purpose of breeding, as in anadromous and catadromous species. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.Characteristic elements in amphidromy are: reproduction in fresh water, passage to sea by newly hatched larvae, a period of feeding and growing at sea usually a few months long, return to fresh water of well-grown juveniles, a further period of feeding and growing in fresh water, followed by reproduction there (Ref. 82692).
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Diagnostic Description ( anglais )

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Description: Body strongly compressed. Dorsal profile of head strongly elevated to nape, nearly straight. Body bluish grey dorsally, shading to silvery on sides with small black spot on upper rear margin of opercle (Ref. 90102). Lateral line with 19-36 weak scutes and 31-35 total elements (including anterior scales). Pectoral fins falcate; 1st dorsal lobe slightly falcate. No scales on breast to behind pelvic origin and laterally to pectoral base, including the small area anteriorly just above fin.
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Biology ( anglais )

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Adults occur in the continental shelf, near rocks and coral reefs (Ref. 7300). They feed on crustaceans, small squids, and fishes (Ref. 5213). Juveniles are found in sandy bays (Ref. 2334). Marketed fresh, may be dried or salted (Ref. 5284).
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Importance ( anglais )

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fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes
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分布 ( anglais )

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廣泛分布於印度-澳洲間之海域,西起非洲東岸,北迄日本,南到澳洲。台灣西部及南部沿海有產,是偶見之魚種。
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利用 ( anglais )

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一般漁法以延繩釣、一支釣、底拖網捕獲。清蒸或煎食皆宜。
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描述 ( anglais )

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體呈卵圓形,側扁而高。背、腹部輪廓約相等。吻鈍,吻長大於眼徑。下頜略突出於上頜,上頜末端延伸至眼前緣之下方。胸部裸露區,自胸鰭基部向下延伸,其後緣延伸至腹鰭基底後端;另向上延伸,沿著肩帶呈一窄區域。側線直走部始於第二背鰭12-14鰭條下方,稜鱗佔有直走部之後大半部。第二背鰭與臀鰭同形,其前方鰭條呈新月形,不延長如絲狀。背鰭軟條數20-22;臀鰭18;鰓耙數(含瘤狀鰓耙)35-38。體背藍綠色,腹部銀色。鰓蓋後緣上方具一小黑點。背鰭、尾鰭及臀鰭淡黃色至暗色。臀鰭鰭膜具一列白色小點。舌頭灰褐色或褐色。
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棲地 ( anglais )

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主要棲息於大陸棚礁岩區,幼魚可發現於砂泥底質的內灣。以捕食甲殼類、小烏賊及小魚為生。
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Carangoides malabaricus ( catalan ; valencien )

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Carangoides malabaricus és un peix teleosti de la família dels caràngids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.[2]

Morfologia

Pot arribar als 60 cm de llargària total.[3]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba des de les costes de l'Àfrica Oriental fins a les de Sri Lanka, Golf de Tailàndia, Japó i Austràlia.[3]

Referències

  1. MarineSpecies.org (anglès)
  2. The Taxonomicon (anglès)
  3. 3,0 3,1 FishBase (anglès)

Bibliografia

  • Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River (Nova Jersey, Estats Units): Prentice-Hall. Any 2000.
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a edició. Nova York, Estats Units: John Wiley and Sons. Any 1994.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985.

Enllaços externs

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Carangoides malabaricus: Brief Summary ( catalan ; valencien )

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Carangoides malabaricus és un peix teleosti de la família dels caràngids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

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Malabar trevally ( anglais )

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The Malabar trevally (Carangoides malabaricus), also known as the Malabar jack, Malabar kingfish or nakedshield kingfish, is a species of large inshore marine fish of the jack family, Carangidae. It is distributed throughout the Indian and west Pacific Oceans from South Africa in the west to Japan and Australia in the east, inhabiting reefs and sandy bays on the continental shelf. The Malabar trevally is similar to many of the other species in the genus Carangoides, with the number of gill rakers and the grey-brown colour of the tongue being the diagnostic features. The Malabar trevally is a predator, taking a variety of small fish, cephalopods and crustaceans. The species is of minor economic importance throughout its range, caught by a variety of net and handline methods.

Taxonomy and naming

The Malabar trevally is one of 21 species in the genus Carangoides which falls into the jack and horse mackerel family Carangidae, the Carangidae are part of the order Carangiformes.[2]

The Malabar trevally was first scientifically described by German ichthyologists Marcus Elieser Bloch and Johann Gottlob Schneider in the massive 1801 volume of Systema Ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum, a book which is the taxonomic authority of many fish species. The species was first published under the name Scomber malabaricus, implying the species was related closely to the true mackerels. This was found to be incorrect, and the species was first transferred to Caranx, another genus of jack, and finally to Carangoides by Williams and Venkataramani in 1978, remaining there since.[3] The species was also completely redescribed twice in its history, the first time by Williams in 1958 under the name Carangoides rectipinnus, and again in 1974 by Kotthaus, who named the species Carangoides rhomboides. These two names are considered junior synonyms under the ICZN rules for classification and therefore are discarded.[4] In English, the species nearly always goes under the common name of Malabar trevally, with the name Malabar kingfish rarely used. A wide number of local names in other languages are also in use. Malabar is a region of southern India, from where the type locality of the fish, Tranquebar, was recorded.[3]

Description

The Malabar travally is best distinguished from C. talamparoides be the lack of breast scales

The Malabar trevally has the typical body profile of a jack, with a strongly compressed body almost ovate in shape with long dorsal and anal fins.[5] The top of the head is strongly elevated to nape, and almost straight. Both jaws have bands of small villiform teeth, although the anterior teeth may be conical in shape. The gill rakers number eight to 12 on the upper limb and 21 to 27 on the lower limb of the first gill arch.[6] The species has 24 vertebrae, 10 upper and 14 lower. The dorsal fin is divided into two segments; a short, high fin containing eight spines and a second, long fin consisting of one spine followed by 20 to 23 soft rays. The anal fin has 2 detached spines followed by a single spine connected to 17 to 19 soft rays.[7] The lateral line has a moderate anterior curve before, intersecting the straight section between the twelfth and fourteenth soft rays of the second dorsal fin. The straight section of the lateral line contains 19 to 36 weak scutes, and 31 to 55 combined scutes and scales on the entire line.[6] The breast area of the fish is devoid of any scales, reaching from each pectoral fin back to the pelvic fin and occasionally to the origin of the anal fin. The species reaches a maximum known length 60 cm (24 in), although is much more common below 30 cm (12 in).[8]

The colour of the Malabar trevally is usually a silver overlain by a bluish-grey hue on the upper side of the fish fading to a silvery white on the underside and lower flanks. The opercle has a single small black spot on the upper margin, and the tongue is a distinctive greyish brown to brown.[7] The caudal fin, soft dorsal and anal fins are pale greenish yellow to dusky, while other fins are hyaline in appearance. The tips of the dorsal, anal and caudal fins are occasionally edged in a shade of white.[8]

Distribution and habitat

The Malabar trevally is broadly distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It occurs from South Africa and Madagascar in the west,[5] north along the east African coast and into the Persian Gulf, but has not been recorded from the Red Sea[9] since 1860, where a capture was reported under the name Caranx malabaricus.[10] Its range stretches east to Sri Lanka, Thailand, Indonesia, and a number of small Pacific islands including Vanuatu and New Caledonia. It reaches as far north as Japan, and south to northern Australia. The species is rare in a number of Pacific nations, including Taiwan and Japan, with only a few recorded captures.[11]

The species lives in a variety of inshore habitats, generally present in waters 30 to 140 m deep[9] on coral and rocky reefs. Juveniles tend to school in shallow sandy bays and are able to tolerate moderately turbid waters.[11] At least one recorded capture from an estuary in Thailand has been reported.[12]

Biology

An anglers catch of Malabar trevally

The Malabar trevally often schools, especially as juveniles in shallow bays, becoming more solitary as they age.[6]

The species is not particularly aggressive, feeding on small planktonic and pelagic crustaceans such as krill, prawns, shrimp, and mysids, as well as small squids and fishes. Geographical variation in diet is common, with fish in Malaysia taking species of polychaete worms as the preferred species.[13] Studies on gill filtering mechanisms has shown the Malabar trevally's anatomy lies between two extremes, one which is a high filtration area characteristic of planktivorous species and the other of very low area which is associated with species which take large prey items. This further suggests the Malabar trevally can filter the small krill type prey, as well as taking larger fishes and squid.[14] Seasonal diet fluctuation in the species has been observed in northern Australia, where a seasonal abundance of squid causes the preferred prey to change from paenid shrimp to these squid.[15]

Little is known of its breeding cycle, with the only publication on the subject part of a 1984 study in Indian waters. The Malabar trevally's breeding period was reported as between February and October in this location, with the main peak from July to September.[16] Each individual spawned only once per year. The size at which the species is first able to breed is 161 mm (6.3 in) for both sexes, with the number of eggs produced related to each individual's length and weight.[16] In South Africa, seasonal small shoals of juveniles are known from parts of the coast, suggesting a single spawning event, also.[8] The species is relatively short-lived like many tropical species, but has a fairly rapid population turnover.[17]

Relationship to humans

The Malabar trevally is of minor importance to fisheries in most regions it inhabits, often considered too small to be worth actively targeting.[8] In these regions, it still forms a considerable proportion of the bycatch, and studies have shown that at the current level of removal, the species is ecologically sustainable.[18] In India and parts of Southeast Asia, however, the species is more commercially important and taken in larger quantities than elsewhere.[13] The FAO recorded a total of 278 t (274 long tons; 306 short tons) of the fish were caught as bycatch from the Persian Gulf in 2001.[4] The species is caught by a variety of methods - hook-and-line, bottom trawls, gill nets, and traps.[7] In South Africa, the species is often caught by anglers using light tackle and baits such as prawns and small fish, as well as occasionally being speared by divers.[8] It is considered, like most carangids, to be poor to fair table food, becoming dryer at larger sizes with larger fish having an increased chance of carrying ciguatera poisoning.[19]

References

  1. ^ Smith-Vaniz, W.F. & Williams, I. (2017) [errata version of 2016 assessment]. "Carangoides malabaricus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T20429800A115374938. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T20429800A46664079.en. Retrieved 19 February 2022.
  2. ^ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 380–387. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  3. ^ a b Hosese, D.F.; Bray, D.J.; Paxton, J.R.; Alen, G.R. (2007). Zoological Catalogue of Australia Vol. 35 (2) Fishes. Sydney: CSIRO. p. 1150. ISBN 978-0-643-09334-8.
  4. ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2007). "Carangoides malabaricus" in FishBase. November 2007 version.
  5. ^ a b Gunn, John S. (1990). "A revision of selected genera of the family Carangidae (Pisces) from Australian waters". Records of the Australian Museum Supplement. 12: 1–78. doi:10.3853/j.0812-7387.12.1990.92.
  6. ^ a b c Randall, John Ernest; Roger C. Steene; Gerald R. Allen (1997). Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press. p. 161. ISBN 0-8248-1895-4.
  7. ^ a b c Carpenter, Kent E.; Volker H. Niem, eds. (2001). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae) (PDF). Rome: FAO. p. 2684. ISBN 92-5-104587-9.
  8. ^ a b c d e van der Elst, Rudy; Peter Borchert (1994). A Guide to the Common Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. New Holland Publishers. p. 142. ISBN 1-86825-394-5.
  9. ^ a b Randall, John E. (1995). Coastal Fishes of Oman. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. p. 183. ISBN 0-8248-1808-3.
  10. ^ Ludwig, Albert Carl; Gotthilf Günther (1860). Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Museum. The Trustees. p. 437.
  11. ^ a b Lin, Pai-Lei; Shao, Kwang-Tsao (16 April 1999). "A Review of the Carangid Fishes (Family Carangidae) From Taiwan with Descriptions of Four New Records". Zoological Studies. 38 (1): 33–68. Retrieved 2007-12-03.
  12. ^ Vidthayanon, Chavalit; Siraprapha Premcharoen (2002). "The status of estuarine fish diversity in Thailand". Marine and Freshwater Research. CSIRO. 53 (2): 471–478. doi:10.1071/MF01122.
  13. ^ a b Ibrahim, Sakri; Muhammad, Muhaimi; Ambak, Mohd Azmi; et al. (2003). "Stomach contents of six commercially important demersal fishes in the South China Sea". Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. 3 (1): 11–16. ISSN 1303-2712.
  14. ^ Salman, Nadir A.; Al-Mahdawi, Ghaith J.; Heba Hassan M.A. (2005). "Gill rakers morphometry and filtering mechnism [mechanism] in some marine teleosts from Red Sea coasts of Yemen". Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research. 31: 286–296.
  15. ^ Salini, J. P.; S. J. M. Blaber; D. T. Brewer (1994). "Diets of Trawled Predatory Fish of the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia, with Particular Reference to Predation on Prawns". Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. CSIRO. 45 (3): 397–411. doi:10.1071/MF9940397.
  16. ^ a b Venkataramani, V.K.; Natarajan, R. (1984). "Breeding biology of carangid fishes Carangoides malabaricus (Bloch and Schn.) and Alepes kalla (Cuv. and Val.) along Porto Novo Coast". Indian Journal of Marine Sciences. New Delhi. 13 (1): 14–18. ISSN 0379-5136.
  17. ^ Silvestre and, Geronimo T.; Len R. Garces (2004). "Population parameters and exploitation rate of demersal fishes in Brunei Darussalam". Fisheries Research (Amsterdam). Elsevier. 69 (1): 73–90. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2004.03.004.
  18. ^ Stobutzki, Ilona; Margret Miller; David Brewer (2001). "Sustainability of fishery bycatch: a process for assessing highly diverse and numerous bycatch". Environmental Conservation. Foundation for Environmental Conservation. 28 (2): 167–181. doi:10.1017/S0376892901000170.
  19. ^ Davidson, Alan (2004). Seafood of South-East Asia: A Comprehensive Guide with Recipes. Ten Speed Press. p. 70. ISBN 1-58008-452-4.

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Malabar trevally: Brief Summary ( anglais )

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The Malabar trevally (Carangoides malabaricus), also known as the Malabar jack, Malabar kingfish or nakedshield kingfish, is a species of large inshore marine fish of the jack family, Carangidae. It is distributed throughout the Indian and west Pacific Oceans from South Africa in the west to Japan and Australia in the east, inhabiting reefs and sandy bays on the continental shelf. The Malabar trevally is similar to many of the other species in the genus Carangoides, with the number of gill rakers and the grey-brown colour of the tongue being the diagnostic features. The Malabar trevally is a predator, taking a variety of small fish, cephalopods and crustaceans. The species is of minor economic importance throughout its range, caught by a variety of net and handline methods.

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Carangoides malabaricus ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Carangoides malabaricus es una especie de peces de la familia Carangidae en el orden de los Perciformes.

Morfología

• Los machos pueden llegar alcanzar los 60 cm de longitud total.[1]

Distribución geográfica

Se encuentra desde las costas del África Oriental hasta las de Sri Lanka, Golfo de Tailandia, Japón y Australia.

Referencias

  1. FishBase (en inglés)

Bibliografía

  • Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, California, Estados Unidos. 2905. ISBN 0-940228-47-5.
  • Fenner, Robert M.: The Conscientious Marine Aquarist. Neptune City, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos : T.F.H. Publications, 2001.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette y D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos , 1997.
  • Hoese, D.F. 1986: . A M.M. Smith y P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlín, Alemania.
  • Maugé, L.A. 1986. A J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse y D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB Bruselas; MRAC, Tervuren, Flandes; y ORSTOM, París, Francia. Vol. 2.
  • Moyle, P. y J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a. edición, Upper Saddle River, Nueva Jersey, Estados Unidos: Prentice-Hall. Año 2000.
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a. edición. Nueva York, Estados Unidos: John Wiley and Sons. Año 1994.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a. edición, Londres: Macdonald. Año 1985.

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Carangoides malabaricus: Brief Summary ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Carangoides malabaricus es una especie de peces de la familia Carangidae en el orden de los Perciformes.

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Carangoides malabaricus ( basque )

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Carangoides malabaricus Carangoides generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Carangidae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Espezie hau Agulhasko itsaslasterran aurki daiteke.

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Carangoides malabaricus FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Carangoides malabaricus: Brief Summary ( basque )

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Carangoides malabaricus Carangoides generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Carangidae familian sailkatzen da.

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Ikan Cupak ( malais )

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Ikan Cupak atau nama saintifiknya Carangoides Malabaricus merupakan ikan air masin.

Ia merupakan ikan yang penting secara komersial dan dijual di pasar-pasar sebagai makanan. Penangkapannya memerlukan lesen bagi memastikan ia tidak terancam oleh tangkapan melampau oleh nelayan komersial.[1].

Rujukan

Pautan luar

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Ikan Cupak: Brief Summary ( malais )

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Ikan Cupak atau nama saintifiknya Carangoides Malabaricus merupakan ikan air masin.

Ia merupakan ikan yang penting secara komersial dan dijual di pasar-pasar sebagai makanan. Penangkapannya memerlukan lesen bagi memastikan ia tidak terancam oleh tangkapan melampau oleh nelayan komersial..

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Carangoides malabaricus ( néerlandais ; flamand )

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Vissen

Carangoides malabaricus is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van horsmakrelen (Carangidae).[2] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1801 door Bloch & Schneider.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Carangoides malabaricus op de IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  2. (en) Carangoides malabaricus. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
Geplaatst op:
22-10-2011
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Cá khế mõm ngắn ( vietnamien )

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Cá khế mõm ngắn[1] (danh pháp hai phần: Carangoides malabaricus) là một loài cá biển thuộc họ Cá khế. Nó phân bố khắp Ấn Độ Dương và phía tây Thái Bình Dương từ Nam Phi ở phía tây đến Nhật BảnÚc về phía đông, chúng sinh sống ở những rạn san hô vịnh cát trên thềm lục địa. Cá khế mõm ngắn tương tự như nhiều của những loài khác trong chi Carangoides, với số lượng lược mang và màu xám nâu của lưỡi. Cá khế mõm ngắn là một động vật ăn thịt, ăn một loạt các loài cá nhỏ, cephalopodagiáp xác. Là loài có tầm quan trọng kinh tế nhỏ trong suốt phạm vi của nó

Cá khế mõm ngắn là một trong 20 loài trong chi Carangoides.[2] Loài này được miêu tả khoa học lần đầu bởi các nhà ngư học người Đức Marcus Elieser BlochJohann Gottlob Schneider trong tập năm 1801 Systema Ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum, một cuốn sách phân loài có hiệu lực cho nhiều loài cá. Loài này ban đầu được xuất bản dưới danh pháp Scomber malabaricus, nhưng đã tỏ ra sai và được chuyển sang chi Caranx, và cuối cùng là chi Carangoides bởi Williams và Venkataramani vào năm 1978, và giữ nguyên từ đó.[3] Loài này cũng được miêu tả lại hoàn toàn hai lần trong lịch sử, lần đầu tiên bởi Williams vào năm 1958 dưới cái tên Carangoides rectipinnus, và một lần nữa vào năm 1974 bởi Kotthaus, người đã đặt tên cho loài Carangoides rhomboides. Các danh pháp này được xem là đồng nghĩa theo quy định ICZN và do đó bị bỏ qua.[4]

Chú thích

  1. ^ Thái Thanh Dương (chủ biên), Các loài cá thường gặp ở Việt Nam, Bộ Thủy sản, Hà Nội, 2007. Tr.25.
  2. ^ Carangoides malabaricus (TSN 641946) tại Hệ thống Thông tin Phân loại Tích hợp (ITIS).
  3. ^ Hosese, D.F.; Bray, D.J., Paxton, J.R. and Alen, G.R. (2007). Zoological Catalogue of Australia Vol. 35 (2) Fishes. Sydney: CSIRO. tr. 1150. ISBN 978-0-643-09334-8. Chú thích sử dụng tham số |coauthors= bị phản đối (trợ giúp)
  4. ^ Thông tin "Carangoides malabaricus" trên FishBase, chủ biên Ranier Froese và Daniel Pauly. Phiên bản tháng November năm 2007.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết chủ đề bộ Cá vược này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Cá khế mõm ngắn: Brief Summary ( vietnamien )

fourni par wikipedia VI

Cá khế mõm ngắn (danh pháp hai phần: Carangoides malabaricus) là một loài cá biển thuộc họ Cá khế. Nó phân bố khắp Ấn Độ Dương và phía tây Thái Bình Dương từ Nam Phi ở phía tây đến Nhật BảnÚc về phía đông, chúng sinh sống ở những rạn san hô vịnh cát trên thềm lục địa. Cá khế mõm ngắn tương tự như nhiều của những loài khác trong chi Carangoides, với số lượng lược mang và màu xám nâu của lưỡi. Cá khế mõm ngắn là một động vật ăn thịt, ăn một loạt các loài cá nhỏ, cephalopodagiáp xác. Là loài có tầm quan trọng kinh tế nhỏ trong suốt phạm vi của nó

Cá khế mõm ngắn là một trong 20 loài trong chi Carangoides. Loài này được miêu tả khoa học lần đầu bởi các nhà ngư học người Đức Marcus Elieser BlochJohann Gottlob Schneider trong tập năm 1801 Systema Ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum, một cuốn sách phân loài có hiệu lực cho nhiều loài cá. Loài này ban đầu được xuất bản dưới danh pháp Scomber malabaricus, nhưng đã tỏ ra sai và được chuyển sang chi Caranx, và cuối cùng là chi Carangoides bởi Williams và Venkataramani vào năm 1978, và giữ nguyên từ đó. Loài này cũng được miêu tả lại hoàn toàn hai lần trong lịch sử, lần đầu tiên bởi Williams vào năm 1958 dưới cái tên Carangoides rectipinnus, và một lần nữa vào năm 1974 bởi Kotthaus, người đã đặt tên cho loài Carangoides rhomboides. Các danh pháp này được xem là đồng nghĩa theo quy định ICZN và do đó bị bỏ qua.

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馬拉巴若鰺 ( chinois )

fourni par wikipedia 中文维基百科
二名法 Carangoides malabaricus
Bloch & Schneider,1801 Range of the Malabar trevally
Range of the Malabar trevally

馬拉巴若鰺,又稱瓜子鰺,俗名為甘仔魚,為輻鰭魚綱鱸形目鱸亞目鰺科的其中一個

分布

本魚分布在印度西太平洋區,包括紅海東非馬達加斯加模里西斯斯里蘭卡印度馬爾地夫日本台灣中國沿海、菲律賓印尼越南馬來西亞澳洲所羅門群島密克羅尼西亞諾魯馬里亞納群島馬紹爾群島等海域。

深度

水深20至140公尺。

特徵

本魚第二備鰭的第一鰭條或前方鰭條不為絲狀延長。第二背鰭、臀鰭的前方鰭條有若干延長。稜鱗隨側線而走,不像絕大部分鰺類的稜鱗隨側線直走部而行,側線改開弧行時,即與之分離。第一背鰭有硬棘8枚,第二背鰭有軟條22至24枚;臀鰭有硬棘2枚、軟條18枚;稜鱗細小,有25至26枚。體長可達55公分。

生態

本魚生活於大陸棚的岩礁區,每年秋天時常大群集結,可能是為了產卵的緣故。以甲殼類頭足類等為食。

經濟利用

食用魚,用豆豉末、豬油清蒸甚美味。

参考文献

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维基百科作者和编辑

馬拉巴若鰺: Brief Summary ( chinois )

fourni par wikipedia 中文维基百科

馬拉巴若鰺,又稱瓜子鰺,俗名為甘仔魚,為輻鰭魚綱鱸形目鱸亞目鰺科的其中一個

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维基百科作者和编辑

タイワンヨロイアジ ( japonais )

fourni par wikipedia 日本語
タイワンヨロイアジ Malabar trevally 2.JPG 分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 条鰭綱 Actinopterygii : スズキ目 Perciformes 亜目 : スズキ亜目 Percoidei : アジ科 Carangidae : ヨロイアジ属 Carangoides : タイワンヨロイアジ
C. malabaricus 学名 Carangoides malabaricus
(Bloch & Schneider, 1801) シノニム
  • Scomber malabaricus,
    Bloch & Schneider, 1801
  • Caranx malabaricus,
    (Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
  • Carangoides rectipinnus,
    Williams, 1958
  • Carangoides rhomboides,
    Kotthaus, 1974
和名 タイワンヨロイアジ 英名 Malabar trevally C. malabaricus distribution.PNG
おおよその生息域

タイワンヨロイアジ(学名:Carangoides malabaricus)はアジ科に属する比較的大型の海水魚である。体長は最大で全長60cmに達した記録があるが、通常みられるのは全長30cmほどの個体である。インド洋太平洋熱帯亜熱帯域に広く生息し、その生息域は西は南アフリカ、東は日本台湾オーストラリアにまで広がっている。大陸棚上の岩礁サンゴ礁、砂底のなどでみられる。同じヨロイアジ属の多くの種と類似した外見をもつが、鰓耙数、そしてが灰褐色であることなどから他種と識別できる。肉食魚であり、様々な種類の小魚や甲殻類頭足類を捕食する。生息域のほとんどにおいて漁業における重要性は小さいが、様々な漁法で混獲されることがある。

分類[編集]

スズキ目アジ科のヨロイアジ属(Carangoides)に属する[1][2]

タイワンヨロイアジは2人のドイツ魚類学者マルクス・エリエゼル・ブロッホヨハン・ゴットロープ・テアエヌス・シュナイダーによる大著である『110の画像付分類魚類学』の1801年版の中で、他の多くの魚類とともに初記載された。この時の学名Scomber malabaricus であり、サバ属Scomber)に分類されている。後にこの分類は誤りだと判明し、まずアジ科のギンガメアジ属(Caranx)に、そして最終的にはWilliamsとVenkataramaniによって1978年にヨロイアジ属に移された[3]。本種は現在までに2度独立に再記載されている。最初は1958年にWilliamsによってCarangoides rectipinnus として、そして二度目はKotthausによってCarangoides rhomboides として記載されている。このいずれの学名も国際動物命名規約先取権の原則に基づいて無効なシノニムとされている[4]。なお、種小名のmalabaricus および英名のMalabar trevallyはタイプ標本が採集された、インドケララ州北部のマラバール地域(Malabar region)にちなむ[3]

形態[編集]

 src=
胸には無鱗域があり、この特徴で同属種のC. talamparoidesと識別できる。

アジ科に典型的な強く側扁したほぼ楕円形の体、そして長い背鰭臀鰭をもつ[5]。体高は高く、体長の約半分になる[6]頭頂部から項部にかけては急峻で、輪郭はほぼ直線となっている。両顎に小さい絨毛状歯からなる歯列があり、前方の歯は犬歯状になることもある。第一鰓弓の鰓耙数は上枝が8本から12本、下枝が21本から27本となっている[7]。口は大きく斜位で開く[8]椎骨数は24でありその内訳は腹椎が10、尾椎が14である。背鰭は2つの部分に分かれる。前方にある短く高い第一背鰭は8棘、後方にある第二背鰭は1棘、20-23軟条である。臀鰭は前方に2本の遊離棘があり、それを除くと1棘、17-19軟条である[9]胸鰭は鎌形になる。尾柄は細く、尾鰭は深く二叉する[8]側線は前方でゆるやかな曲線を描き、曲線部と直線部の交点は第二背鰭の第12から第14軟条の下部にある。側線直線部には19から36の弱い稜鱗(ぜいご)が存在し、側線全体での稜鱗数は31から55になる[7]。胸部にはが全くなく、無鱗域は両胸鰭から腹鰭まで後方に広がり時として臀鰭の始部にまで達する。体長は最大で全長60cmに達した記録があるが、普通にみられるのは30cm以下の個体である[10]

体色は背部では銀色に青灰色が混じるが、腹部にかけて色あせて銀白色になる。鰓蓋の上縁には黒い班が存在する。が特徴的な灰褐色から褐色になる[9]。尾鰭や背鰭軟条部、臀鰭は薄い緑色を帯びた黄色あるいは浅黒い色で、他の鰭は無色透明である。背鰭、尾鰭の端は白色に縁取られることもある[10]

分布[編集]

インド洋太平洋熱帯亜熱帯域に広く生息する。生息域は西は南アフリカマダガスカル[5]から、北へアフリカ東海岸やペルシャ湾に広がっているが、紅海からは1860年にCaranx malabaricus という学名で記録[11]されて以降捕獲の記録が無い[12]。生息域はそのまま東へスリランカタイ、インド、そしてバヌアツニューカレドニアなどの数々の太平洋の島々へと広がっている。北は日本、南はオーストラリア北部まで生息する。台湾や日本を含むいくつかの太平洋の国々では稀種であり、捕獲の記録はわずかである[13]

日本においては三重県尾鷲市場で採取されたことが記録されている[14]

本種は沿岸海域の様々な環境でみられ、一般的には水深30mから140mに位置する事が多い[12]岩礁サンゴ礁でよくみられる。幼魚は浅い砂底のでよく見られ、やや濁った水域でもみられることがある[13]エスチュアリーから発見された記録も、タイにおいて少なくとも一件ある[15]

生態[編集]

 src=
釣り上げられたタイワンヨロイアジ

しばしば群れをつくる。特に幼魚は浅い湾で群れを作って泳ぐのがよくみられるが、加齢につれ単独で行動することが多くなる[7]

それほど攻撃性は強くなく、小型の浮遊性、漂泳性のオキアミエビといった甲殻類を捕食するほか、イカも捕食することがある。食性にはしばしば地域差があり、マレーシアでは多毛類の蠕虫を好んで捕食する事が知られている[16]の濾過のメカニズムに関する研究を通し、本種の濾過領域は、プランクトンを濾過摂食するような種にみられる目の細かい領域と、大きな生物を捕食する種にみられる目の粗い領域、という2つのタイプの中間にあることが分かった。このことは本種が比較的大型の魚やイカを捕食するのに加えて、小さなオキアミのような獲物も濾過して捕食することができることを示している[17]。オーストラリア北部では季節によって食性が周期的に変化する事が知られている。当地では通常はエビ類を主に捕食するが、イカの個体数が増える季節はイカを好んで捕食するようになるという[18]

繁殖についてはほとんど分かっておらず、1984年にインド沖で行われた研究の一部で言及されている程度である。この研究によれば本種の繁殖期は2月から10月で、そのピークは7月から9月だという。各個体は1年に1回産卵していた。性成熟に達する際の体長は両性ともに161mmであった。また、産卵数は個体の体重とサイズに比例していた[19]。南アフリカ沿岸の一部では特定の季節に幼魚の群れが現れることが観察されており、こちらも一年に一度産卵が起きることを示唆している[10]。本種は他の熱帯性の種と同様に比較的短命で、個体群ターンオーバーは速い[20]

人間との関係[編集]

生息するほとんどの地域で漁業における重要性は小さく、漁業の主対象とするほどの価値はない[10]。こういった地域でも本種が混獲による漁獲量のかなりの割合を占めている事はあるが、2001年時点での本種の漁獲量は持続可能な水準にあることが分かっている[21]。ただしインドおよび東南アジアの一部では本種が商業的に重要であり、他のどの地域よりも多量の漁獲がある[16]FAOの統計によれば、2001年の1年間でペルシャ湾では本種の混獲による漁獲量が278tに達したという[4]。本種はトロール網刺し網延縄定置網など様々な漁法で捕獲される[9][6]。南アフリカでは釣り人によって軽めのタックルエビや小魚を餌にして釣られるほか、スピアフィッシングで捕獲される事もある[10]。食用にはそれほど適しておらず、成長するにつれ身がぱさ付く。大型個体ではシガテラ毒を持つ可能性も高まる[22]

出典[編集]

  1. ^ Carangoides malabaricus, ITIS, http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=641946 2007年11月30日閲覧。
  2. ^ タイワンヨロイアジ”. JODC Dataset. 日本海洋データセンター(海上保安庁) (2016年1月13日閲覧。
  3. ^ a b Hosese, D.F.; Bray, D.J.; Paxton, J.R.; Alen, G.R. (2007). Zoological Catalogue of Australia Vol. 35 (2) Fishes. Sydney: CSIRO. pp. 1150. ISBN 978-0-643-09334-8.
  4. ^ a b Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2007). "Carangoides malabaricus" in FishBase. November 2007 version.
  5. ^ a b Gunn, John S. (1990). “A revision of selected genera of the family Carangidae (Pisces) from Australian waters”. Records of the Australian Museum Supplement 12: 1–78. doi:10.3853/j.0812-7387.12.1990.92.
  6. ^ a b 阿部宗明、落合明 『原色魚類検索図鑑 2』 北隆館、ISBN 4832600303。
  7. ^ a b c Randall, John Ernest; Roger C. Steene; Gerald R. Allen (1997). Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press. pp. 161. ISBN 0-8248-1895-4.
  8. ^ a b 阿部宗明 『原色魚類大圖鑑』 北隆館、ISBN 4832600087。
  9. ^ a b c Carpenter, Kent E., ed (2001) (PDF). FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 5. Bony fishes part 3 (Menidae to Pomacentridae). Rome: FAO. pp. 2684. ISBN 92-5-104587-9. ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/y4160e/y4160e00.pdf.
  10. ^ a b c d e van der Elst, Rudy; Peter Borchert (1994). A Guide to the Common Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. New Holland Publishers. pp. 142. ISBN 1-86825-394-5.
  11. ^ Ludwig, Albert Carl; Gotthilf Günther (1860). Catalogue of the Fishes in the British Museum. The Trustees. pp. 437.
  12. ^ a b Randall, John E. (1995). Coastal Fishes of Oman. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. pp. 183. ISBN 0-8248-1808-3.
  13. ^ a b Lin, Pai-Lei; Shao, Kwang-Tsao (16 April 1999). “A Review of the Carangid Fishes (Family Carangidae) From Taiwan with Descriptions of Four New Records”. Zoological Studies 38 (1): 33–68. http://cat.inist.fr/?aModele=afficheN&cpsidt=10055944
  14. ^ 益田一ほか 『日本産魚類大図鑑』《解説》、東海大学出版会、ISBN 4486050533。
  15. ^ Vidthayanon, Chavalit; Siraprapha Premcharoen (2002). “The status of estuarine fish diversity in Thailand”. Marine and Freshwater Research (CSIRO) 53 (2): 471–478. doi:10.1071/MF01122.
  16. ^ a b Ibrahim, Sakri; Muhammad, Muhaimi; Ambak, Mohd Azmi (2003). “Stomach contents of six commercially important demersal fishes in the South China Sea”. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 3 (1): 11–16. ISSN 1303-2712.
  17. ^ Salman, Nadir A.; Al-Mahdawi, Ghaith J., Heba Hassan M.A. (2005). “Gill rakers morphometry and filtering mechnism [mechanism] in some marine teleosts from Red Sea coasts of Yemen”. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research: Special Issue 31: 286–296.
  18. ^ Salini,, J. P.; S. J. M. Blaber; D. T. Brewer (1994). “Diets of Trawled Predatory Fish of the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia, with Particular Reference to Predation on Prawns”. Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research (CSIRO) 45 (3): 397–411. doi:10.1071/MF9940397.
  19. ^ Venkataramani, V.K.; Natarajan, R. (1984). “Breeding biology of carangid fishes Carangoides malabaricus (Bloch and Schn.) and Alepes kalla (Cuv. and Val.) along Porto Novo Coast”. Indian Journal of Marine Sciences (New Delhi) 13 (1): 14–18. ISSN 0379-5136.
  20. ^ Silvestre and, Geronimo T.; Len R. Garces (2004). “Population parameters and exploitation rate of demersal fishes in Brunei Darussalam”. Fisheries Research (Amsterdam) (Elsevier) 69 (1): 73–90. doi:10.1016/j.fishres.2004.03.004.
  21. ^ Stobutzki, Ilona; Margret Miller; David Brewer (2001). “Sustainability of fishery bycatch: a process for assessing highly diverse and numerous bycatch”. Environmental Conservation (Foundation for Environmental Conservation) 28 (2): 167–181. doi:10.1017/S0376892901000170.
  22. ^ Davidson, Alan (2004). Seafood of South-East Asia: A Comprehensive Guide with Recipes. Ten Speed Press. pp. 70. ISBN 1-58008-452-4.
 src= ウィキメディア・コモンズには、タイワンヨロイアジに関連するカテゴリがあります。
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タイワンヨロイアジ: Brief Summary ( japonais )

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タイワンヨロイアジ(学名:Carangoides malabaricus)はアジ科に属する比較的大型の海水魚である。体長は最大で全長60cmに達した記録があるが、通常みられるのは全長30cmほどの個体である。インド洋太平洋熱帯亜熱帯域に広く生息し、その生息域は西は南アフリカ、東は日本台湾オーストラリアにまで広がっている。大陸棚上の岩礁サンゴ礁、砂底のなどでみられる。同じヨロイアジ属の多くの種と類似した外見をもつが、鰓耙数、そしてが灰褐色であることなどから他種と識別できる。肉食魚であり、様々な種類の小魚や甲殻類頭足類を捕食する。生息域のほとんどにおいて漁業における重要性は小さいが、様々な漁法で混獲されることがある。

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Description ( anglais )

fourni par World Register of Marine Species
Occurs in the continental shelf (Ref. 7300). Found near rocks and coral reefs, juveniles in sandy bays. Feeds on crustaceans, small squids, and fish (Ref. 5213). Marketed fresh, may be dried or salted (Ref. 5284).

Référence

Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2023). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (02/2023).

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