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Diagnostic Description ( anglais )

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Body of adult dark grayish brown; juveniles yellow; posterior to upper end of gill opening is a bright orange horizontal band, with purplish black border. Head and anterior half of body usually abruptly paler than the posterior half. Anterior gill rakers 24-28; posterior 23-27. Large adult males (about 17 cm) with more definite convexity of snout profile.Description: Characterized further by having caudal spine length of 2.5 in head length; greatest depth of body 2.0-2.4 in SL (Ref. 90102).
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Estelita Emily Capuli
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Diseases and Parasites ( anglais )

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Gas-bubble Disease (e.). Others
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Morphology ( anglais )

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Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 23 - 25; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 22 - 24
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Trophic Strategy ( anglais )

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Species usually found in fairly deep water, about 30 feet or more.
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Biology ( anglais )

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Inhabit seaward reefs, in areas of bare rock or mixed rubble and sand, from 9 to at least 46 m depth; juveniles inhabit protected bays and lagoons, singly or in small groups in as little as 3 m (Ref. 1602, 48637). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Adults occur singly or in schools and feed on surface film of detritus, diatoms, and fine filamentous algae covering sand and bare rock (Ref. 1602). Rarely poisonous (Ref. 4795).
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Importance ( anglais )

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fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial
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分布 ( anglais )

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廣泛分布於印度-太平洋區,西起東印度洋之聖誕島,東至馬貴斯及土木土群島,北至日本,南至羅得豪島。台灣各地海域及離島均曾發現,以南部、北部、東北部海域最多。
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利用 ( anglais )

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一般以流刺網、延繩釣或潛水鏢魚法等捕獲。觀賞及食用兼具。剝皮後,煮薑絲湯,肉質鮮美。尾柄上骨質盾板非常銳利,易傷人,處理時需小心。
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描述 ( anglais )

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體呈橢圓形而側扁。頭小,頭背部輪廓隨著成長而凸出。口小,端位,上下頜各具一列扁平齒,齒固定不可動,齒緣具缺刻。背鰭及臀鰭硬棘尖銳,分別具XI棘及III棘,各鰭條皆不延長;胸鰭近三角形;尾鰭彎月形,隨著成長,上下葉逐漸延長。6公分以下之幼魚身體一致呈黃色,隨著成長,體色逐漸轉呈灰褐色,成魚呈暗褐色,體側不具任何線紋,但在鰓蓋上方,眼正後方具「一」字形鑲深藍色緣之橘黃斑,斑長大於頭長,寬於眼徑。背鰭及臀鰭灰褐色,鰭緣為淡藍色,基底各具1條黑色線紋;尾鰭灰褐色,具許多深色不規則斑點或線紋,末端鰭緣具寬白色帶;胸鰭及腹鰭灰褐色;尾柄棘溝緣為黑褐色。
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棲地 ( anglais )

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成魚主要棲息於近潮池之礁區或礁砂混合區,棲息深度一般在9-46公尺以內;幼魚則棲息於遮蔽的內灣或潟湖外側,棲息深度在水表層至水深3公尺處。個別或成小群的活動,以攝取被沙土覆蓋的附著性藻類、矽藻或有機碎屑等為食。
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Acanthurus olivaceus ( anglais )

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Acanthurus olivaceus, also known as the orange-band surgeonfish, the orange-shoulder surgeonfish or the orangebar tang,[1] is a member of the family Acanthuridae, the surgeonfishes. It lives in the tropical waters of the Indo-west Pacific.[3]

Description

The orange band surgeonfish is a deep-bodied, laterally-compressed oval fish, rather over twice as long as it is deep, with a maximum length of 35 cm (14 in), although a more typical length is 25 cm (10 in). Both dorsal and anal fins are long and low, extending as far as the caudal peduncle. The dorsal fin has nine spines and 23 to 25 soft rays while the anal fin has three spines and 22 to 24 soft rays. The tail fin is crescent-shaped, the points growing longer as the fish gets older. The adult fish is greyish-brown; a sharp vertical line usually separates the paler front half of the fish from the darker hind portion. There is a distinctive orange bar, surrounded by a purplish-black margin, immediately behind the top of the gill cover, and blue and orange lines at the bases of the fins. Like all surgeonfish, this species has a pair of scalpel-like scales that project upward from the caudal peduncle. Larger males develop a convex snout which clearly differentiates them from females. Juvenile fish are yellow.[4][5]

Distribution and habitat

This fish is found in the tropical eastern Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean. Its range extends from Christmas Island and the Cocos Keeling Islands to southern Japan, Western, Northern and Eastern Australia, Indonesia, the Philippines and Hawaii. It is associated with reefs, often on outer slopes and in more exposed locations. As an adult, it is a solitary fish or sometimes joins schools, with a depth range of between about 9 and 46 m (30 and 150 ft), but juveniles are found in shallower water in sheltered locations in small groups.[1]

Ecology

The orange band surgeonfish feeds on detritus and on algae growing on the seabed, as well as the film of diatoms and filamentous algae that grows on sand and other substrates.[5] It often forms schools with parrotfish, tangs and other species of surgeonfish, which all have similar diets; their grazing is important in maintaining biodiversity by keeping rocks free from excessive growth of algae so that coral larvae can find suitable habitat to settle. The fish can change colour from dark to pale almost instantaneously.[6]

Status

The orange band surgeonfish has a wide distribution in the tropical Indo-Pacific region and is moderately common. It is sometimes found in fish markets and in the aquarium trade but is not a species targeted by fisheries. No particular threats have been recognised, so the International Union for Conservation of Nature has listed its conservation status as being of least concern.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d Russell, B.; McIlwain, J.; Choat, J.H.; Abesamis, R.; Clements, K.D.; Myers, R.; Nanola, C.; Rocha, L.A. & Stockwell, B. (2012). "Acanthurus olivaceus". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2012: e.T177991A1514102. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2012.RLTS.T177991A1514102.en. Retrieved 10 January 2018.
  2. ^ Bailly, Nicolas (2020). "Acanthurus olivaceus Bloch & Schneider, 1801". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  3. ^ "Acanthurus olivaceus: Distribution". Encyclopedia of Life. Retrieved 3 May 2014.
  4. ^ "Acanthurus olivaceus: fiche poisson" (in French). AquaPortail. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  5. ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2020). "Acanthurus olivaceus" in FishBase. April 2020 version.
  6. ^ Lillie, Terry (28 April 2019). "Meet Na'ena'e the orange band surgeonfish". The Garden Island. Retrieved 13 April 2020.

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Acanthurus olivaceus: Brief Summary ( anglais )

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Acanthurus olivaceus, also known as the orange-band surgeonfish, the orange-shoulder surgeonfish or the orangebar tang, is a member of the family Acanthuridae, the surgeonfishes. It lives in the tropical waters of the Indo-west Pacific.

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Habitat ( anglais )

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Known from seamounts and knolls

Référence

Stocks, K. 2009. Seamounts Online: an online information system for seamount biology. Version 2009-1. World Wide Web electronic publication.

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