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Brief Summary ( anglais )

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The Broad-barred Goby (Gobiodon histrio) is found in the Indo-West Pacific from the Red Sea to Samoa, north to southern Japan and south to the Great Barrier Reef off eastern Australia (Lieske and Myers 2001).

Gobiodon gobies are among the most habitat-specialized fishes on coral reefs, living among the branches of scleratinian corals (stony corals) and having specific associations with one or more species of coral, mostly from the genus Acropora. In a study in Papua New Guinea, the Broad-barred Goby was observed in corals belonging to a number of different Acropora species, but only A. nasuta was actively favored, i.e., used more frequently than expected based simply on its availability. (Munday 2000)Different Acropora species were favored in the Gulf of Aqaba in the northern Red Sea (Dirnwöber and Herler 2007). On the Great Barrier Reef in Australia, where there are two color morphs of A. nasuta, Broad-barred Gobies usually inhabit colonies of the "blue-tip" morph and only rarely the "brown-tip" morph, although these color forms seem truly to be members of the same species (Mackenzie et al. 2004).

In their investigations in the Gulf of Aqaba, Wall and Herler (2008) found that each coral colony is typically occupied by a single breeding pair of Broad-barred Gobies. Only very rarely do juveniles share colonies with adult fishes. Gobies may switch corals in their search for optimal breeding habitat or mates. Breeding pairs exhibit higher home-coral fidelity. (Wall and Herler 2008 and references therein)

Broad-barred Gobies rarely leave the shelter of their host coral colony. However, oxygen levels in this environment can drop very low and at very low tide the entire coral can be exposed to the air. The high tolerance of Broad-barred Gobies for hypoxia and their limited ability to obtain oxygen even when exposed to the air may be essential adaptations for their lifestyle. (Nilsson et al. 2004)

Broad-barred Gobies are among the substantial fraction of coral reef fishes that can change sex in the course of their lives. Although most fish species in which individuals change their sex in the course of their lifetime change in just one direction, i.e., either from female to male (protogyny) or male to female (protandry), in some species, including the Broad-barred Goby, sex can change in either direction (Kroon et al. 2003).

Dixson and Hay (2012) documented a remarkable mutualistic relationship between a coral, Acropora nasuta, and the Broad-barred Goby. These gobies are recruited by the coral to keep it free of the green filamentous macroalga Turtleweed (Chlorodesmis fastigiata), which can harm the coral. Within minutes of Turtleweed (or even a chemical extract from the Turtleweed) contacting the coral, the coral releases an odor that recruits gobies to snack on the Turtleweed and dramatically reduce coral damage that would otherwise occur. Broad-barred Gobies normally produces toxic skin secretions that repel predators and contact with the Turtleweed appears to increase their toxicity.

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Associations ( anglais )

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Dixson and Hay (2012) documented a remarkable mutualistic relationship between the Broad-barred Goby and the coral Acropora nasuta. Broad-barred Gobies are recruited by the coral to keep it free of the green filamentous macroalga Turtleweed (Chlorodesmis fastigiata), which can harm the coral. Within minutes of Turtleweed (or even a chemical extract from the Turtleweed) contacting the coral, the coral releases an odor that recruits gobies to snack on the Turtleweed and dramatically reduce coral damage that would otherwise occur. Broad-barred Gobies normally produces toxic skin secretions that repel predators and contact with the Turtleweed appears to increase their toxicity.

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Morphology ( anglais )

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Dorsal spines (total): 6 - 7; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10; Analspines: 1; Analsoft rays: 9
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Diagnostic Description ( anglais )

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Characterized by mainly green body color with red to violet stripes or forming broken lines or row of spots on side; 4-5 reddish bars on head; absence of scales; complete pelvic fin frenum and basal membrane; depth of body at level of pelvic fins 2.2-2.7 in SL (Ref. 90102).
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Biology ( anglais )

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Found among branches of Acropora corals; a coral-commensal species (Ref. 72446). Solitary or in pairs, also found in reef crests and lagoons to 15 m (Ref 90102).
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Importance ( anglais )

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aquarium: commercial
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Gobiodon histrio ( catalan ; valencien )

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Gobiodon histrio és una espècie de peix de la família dels gòbids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

Morfologia

Els mascles poden assolir els 3,5 cm de longitud total.[3][4]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba des del Mar Roig fins a Samoa, el sud del Japó i la Gran Barrera de Corall.[3][5]

Referències

  1. Bleeker P. 1856. Bijdrage tot de kennis der ichthyologische fauna van het eiland Boeroe. Natuurkd. Tijdschr. Neder. Indië v. 11. 383-414.
  2. BioLib (anglès)
  3. 3,0 3,1 FishBase (anglès)
  4. Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen i R.C. Steene 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p.
  5. Lieske, E. i R. Myers 1994. Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p.

Bibliografia

  • Cuvier, G. & Valenciennes, A. 1837. Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome douzième. Suite du livre quatorzième. Gobioïdes. Livre quinzième. Acanthoptérygiens à pectorales pédiculées. Historie naturelle des poissons. v. 12: i-xxiv + 1-507 + 1 p., Pls. 344-368.
  • Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. 2905. ISBN 0-940228-47-5.
  • Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts (Estats Units), 1997.
  • Hoese, D.F. 1986: Gobiidae. p. 774-807. A M.M. Smith i P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlín, Alemanya.
  • Larson, H.K. i E.O. Murdy 2001. Gobiidae. Gobies. p. 3578-3603. A K.E. Carpenter i V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae). FAO, Roma, Itàlia.
  • Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a edició, Upper Saddle River, Nova Jersey, Estats Units: Prentice-Hall. Any 2000.
  • Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a edició. Nova York, Estats Units: John Wiley and Sons. Any 1994.
  • Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985.


Enllaços externs

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Gobiodon histrio: Brief Summary ( catalan ; valencien )

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Gobiodon histrio és una espècie de peix de la família dels gòbids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

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Blaupunkt-Korallengrundel ( allemand )

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Die Blaupunkt-Korallengrundel (Gobiodon histrio) ist ein bis zu 3,5 cm großer Meerwasserfisch. Sie lebt weit verbreitet in den Korallenriffen des Pazifiks und ist von Süd-Japan über Melanesien, das Great Barrier Reef bis Samoa in einer Tiefe von 2 bis 15 Metern anzutreffen.

Merkmale

Die stumpfschnäuzigen, seitlich leicht abgeflachten Fische besitzen eine charakteristische blau/grün-rote Zeichnung. Männchen und Weibchen unterscheiden sich äußerlich nicht. In ihrer Haut produzieren sie einen giftigen Schleim, der Fressfeinde abhalten soll.

Lebensweise

Die Blaupunkt-Korallengrundel lebt eng gebunden an Steinkorallen der Gattung Acropora, nutzt deren Verästelungen zum Schutz und verbringt den Tag meist bewegungslos auf einer erhöhten Position eines Acroporenstocks. Sie ernährt sich von Zooplankton. Auch der Laich wird zwischen den Korallenästen abgelegt.

Sie wird für die Aquarienhaltung gefangen und wurde bisher nicht nachgezogen. Sie benötigt Wassertemperaturen von 23 bis 28 °C.

Literatur

Weblinks

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Blaupunkt-Korallengrundel: Brief Summary ( allemand )

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Die Blaupunkt-Korallengrundel (Gobiodon histrio) ist ein bis zu 3,5 cm großer Meerwasserfisch. Sie lebt weit verbreitet in den Korallenriffen des Pazifiks und ist von Süd-Japan über Melanesien, das Great Barrier Reef bis Samoa in einer Tiefe von 2 bis 15 Metern anzutreffen.

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Gobiodon histrio ( anglais )

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Gobiodon histrio, the Broad-barred goby, is a species of goby native to the Indian Ocean from the Red Sea to the western Pacific Ocean to southern Japan, Samoa and the Great Barrier Reef. This species is a reef dweller, being found at depths of from 2 to 15 metres (6.6 to 49.2 ft). It can reach a length of 3.5 centimetres (1.4 in) TL. This species can also be found in the aquarium trade.[3]

This fish produces a toxin that deters predators. When disturbed, it releases compounds that inhibit the locomotion of other fish. At high enough concentrations, the toxin causes the predator to lose equilibrium and tip over.[4][5] It takes part in a mutualistic relationship with a species of coral, Acropora nasuta. When the coral is damaged by toxic Chlorodesmis algae, it produces a compound that attracts the fish. The fish eat the alga and this enhances their toxicity.[5]

G. histrio can change sex in either direction. When a pair of gobies of the same sex colonize a new coral patch, one of them changes to the opposite sex.[6][7]

References

  1. ^ Acero, A.; Fricke, R.; Larson, H.K.; Murdy, E. & Van Tassell, J. (2010). "Gobiodon histrio". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T154641A4595289. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T154641A4595289.en.
  2. ^ Herler, J., Bogorodsky, S.V. & Suzuki, T. (2013): Four new species of coral gobies (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Gobiodon), with comments on their relationships within the genus. Zootaxa, 3709 (4): 301–329.
  3. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2013). "Gobiodon histrio" in FishBase. June 2013 version.
  4. ^ Schubert, M.; Munday, P. L.; Caley, M. J.; Jones, G. P.; Llewellyn, L. E. (2003). "The Toxicity of Skin Secretions from Coral-Dwelling Gobies and their Potential Role as a Predator Deterrent". Environmental Biology of Fishes. 67 (4): 359. doi:10.1023/A:1025826829548.
  5. ^ a b Dixson, D. L.; Hay, M. E. (2012). "Corals Chemically Cue Mutualistic Fishes to Remove Competing Seaweeds". Science. 338 (6108): 804–807. doi:10.1126/science.1225748. PMC 3691814. PMID 23139333.
  6. ^ Kroon, F. J.; Munday, P. L.; Pankhurst, N. W. (2003). "Steroid hormone levels and bi-directional sex change in Gobiodon histrio". Journal of Fish Biology. 62: 153–167. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00017.x.
  7. ^ Munday, P. (2002). "Bi-directional sex change: Testing the growth-rate advantage model". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 52 (3): 247–254. doi:10.1007/s00265-002-0517-8.
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Gobiodon histrio: Brief Summary ( anglais )

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Gobiodon histrio, the Broad-barred goby, is a species of goby native to the Indian Ocean from the Red Sea to the western Pacific Ocean to southern Japan, Samoa and the Great Barrier Reef. This species is a reef dweller, being found at depths of from 2 to 15 metres (6.6 to 49.2 ft). It can reach a length of 3.5 centimetres (1.4 in) TL. This species can also be found in the aquarium trade.

This fish produces a toxin that deters predators. When disturbed, it releases compounds that inhibit the locomotion of other fish. At high enough concentrations, the toxin causes the predator to lose equilibrium and tip over. It takes part in a mutualistic relationship with a species of coral, Acropora nasuta. When the coral is damaged by toxic Chlorodesmis algae, it produces a compound that attracts the fish. The fish eat the alga and this enhances their toxicity.

G. histrio can change sex in either direction. When a pair of gobies of the same sex colonize a new coral patch, one of them changes to the opposite sex.

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Gobiodon histrio ( basque )

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Gobiodon histrio Gobiodon generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Gobiidae familian.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez) FishBase

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Gobiodon histrio: Brief Summary ( basque )

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Gobiodon histrio Gobiodon generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Actinopterygii klasean sailkatzen da, Gobiidae familian.

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Tulitäplätokko ( finnois )

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Tulitäplätokko (Gobiodon histrio) on tokkoihin kuuluva kala.

Koko ja ulkonäkö

Tulitäplätokko jää alle 4 cm pitkäksi.[2] Sen päässä silmistä alkaen taaksepäin on pystyjuovia. Vartalossa, varsinkin kyljen yläosassa on vihertävällä pohjalla punaisia täpliä, jotka muodostavat vaakasuoria jonoja.[3] Joillakin yksilöillä on kyljessään musta silmätäplä, toisilta se puuttuu, eikä tiedetä, ovatko nämä ehkä eri lajia.[4] Tulitäplätokkojen ihosta erittyy kitkerää limaa, minkä takia isommat kalat eivät syö niitä.[3]

Alkuperä ja elinympäristö

Tulitäplätokkoja elää luonnossa Indopasifisella merialueella ja Punaisellamerellä. Ne pysyttelevät usein Acropora-korallien oksiston suojissa.[2] Se pysyy paikallaan vaikka vuorovesi paljastaisi korallin tilapäisesti kuiville, ja kykenee silloin hengittämään ilmaa.[5]

Lähteet

  1. Acero, A., Fricke, R., Larson, H.K., Murdy, E. & Van Tassell, J.: Gobiodon histrio IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.1. 2010. International Union for Conservation of Nature, IUCN, Iucnredlist.org. Viitattu 12.08.2013. (englanniksi)
  2. a b Gobiodon histrio (peilipalvelin) FishBase. Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (toim.). (englanniksi)
  3. a b Meerwasser lexocon (saksaksi) (paljon kuvia)
  4. Let's Clown Around With More Gobies Reefkeeping 2002 (englanniksi)
  5. Wild Singapore (englanniksi)
Tämä kaloihin liittyvä artikkeli on tynkä. Voit auttaa Wikipediaa laajentamalla artikkelia.
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Tulitäplätokko: Brief Summary ( finnois )

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Tulitäplätokko (Gobiodon histrio) on tokkoihin kuuluva kala.

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Gobiodon histrio ( néerlandais ; flamand )

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Vissen

Gobiodon histrio is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van grondels (Gobiidae).[2] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1837 door Valenciennes.

De soort staat op de Rode Lijst van de IUCN als niet bedreigd, beoordelingsjaar 2009.[1]

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. a b (en) Gobiodon histrio op de IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
  2. (en) Gobiodon histrio. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
Geplaatst op:
22-10-2011
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Gobiodon histrio ( vietnamien )

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Gobiodon histrio là một loài cá bống biển phân bố ở vùng Ấn Độ Dương, Biển Đỏ và Tây Thái Bình Dương. Đây là loài được ghi nhận rằng là loài cá bống giúp san hô chống lại tảo độc.

Cộng sinh

Chúng sống giữa các nhánh san hô, cá bống Gobiodon histrio sẽ phản ứng với một tín hiệu hóa học được giải phóng từ san hô, khi san hô tiếp xúc với một loại tảo độc màu xanh lá cây rực rỡ và cắn lại những tán lá xâm lấn này. Khi một sát thủ tảo biển chạm vào một loại san hô có bông, san hô sẽ giải phóng ra một chất hóa học lôi kéo các cư dân cá nhỏ bé đến cứu vì nếu không được kiểm soát, tảo biển có thể tàn phá một rạn san hô. Trong vòng 15 phút tiếp xúc với rong biển độc, san hô Acropora nasuta đã giải phóng ra hợp chất thúc đẩy cá bống tìm ra và cắn lại rong biển

Cá bống Gobiodon histrio khi san hô thu nhỏ lại, cá và các sinh vật rạn khác tìm thấy ít ngóc ngách an toàn và vết nứt để sống trong đó. Rạn san hô sau đó có ít cá ăn tảo hơn, tức là có ít sự bảo về cho san hô hơn. Hai loài cá bống nhỏ màu sắc sặc sỡ định cư trong các san hô đã giống như những máy xén hàng rào. Cả cá bống Gobiodon histrio và cá bống Paragobiodon echinocephalus cắn lại rong biển cho đến khi nó không còn chạm vào ngôi nhà san hô của chúng. Việc kích hoạt là một chất được sản sinh bởi chính san hô.

Những con cá bống bỏ qua các dải băng giống rong biển quệt vào các san hô của chúng, trừ khi dải băng đã được xử lý bằng nước thu bên cạnh san hô mới bị tấn công. Nhìn chung, san hô có những con cá bống cảnh giác trú ngụ chỉ bị thiệt hại bằng khoảng ¼ bởi rong biển so với các san hô không có cá bống. Da cá bống Gobiodon histrio tiết ra một số loại độc tố làm những con cá ăn cá bống phải bỏ đi. Thay vì cắn và không nuốt rong biển như những loài cá bống không có độc khác, nó nuốt rong biển. Sau mỗi lần trợ giúp san hô chống lại rong biển, chất độc trên da cá bống Gobiodon histrio đã tăng mạnh làm choáng kẻ săn môi gấp đôi so với bình thường. Cá bống histrio đã nuốt rong biển khi cắn vào nó.

Chú thích

  1. ^ Acero, A., Fricke, R., Larson, H.K., Murdy, E. & Van Tassell, J. 2010. Gobiodon histrio. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on ngày 25 tháng 8 năm 2013.
  2. ^ Herler, J., Bogorodsky, S.V. & Suzuki, T. (2013): Four new species of coral gobies (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Gobiodon), with comments on their relationships within the genus. Zootaxa, 3709 (4): 301–329.

Tham khảo

  •  src= Dữ liệu liên quan tới Gobiodon histrio tại Wikispecies
  • Acero, A., Fricke, R., Larson, H.K., Murdy, E. & Van Tassell, J. 2010. Gobiodon histrio. In: IUCN 2013. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.1. . Downloaded on ngày 25 tháng 8 năm 2013.
  • Herler, J., Bogorodsky, S.V. & Suzuki, T. (2013): Four new species of coral gobies (Teleostei: Gobiidae: Gobiodon), with comments on their relationships within the genus. Zootaxa, 3709 (4): 301–329.
  • Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2013). "Gobiodon histrio" in FishBase. June 2013 version.
  • Schubert, M.; Munday, P. L.; Caley, M. J.; Jones, G. P.; Llewellyn, L. E. (2003). Environmental Biology of Fishes 67 (4): 359. doi:10.1023/A:1025826829548. edit
  • Dixson, D. L.; Hay, M. E. (2012). "Corals Chemically Cue Mutualistic Fishes to Remove Competing Seaweeds". Science 338 (6108): 804–807. doi:10.1126/science.1225748. PMID 23139333. edit
  • Kroon, F. J.; Munday, P. L.; Pankhurst, N. W. (2003). "Steroid hormone levels and bi-directional sex change in Gobiodon histrio". Journal of Fish Biology 62: 153. doi:10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00017.x. edit
  • Munday, P. (2002). "Bi-directional sex change: Testing the growth-rate advantage model". Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 52 (3): 247–254. doi:10.1007/s00265-002-0517-8. edit
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Gobiodon histrio: Brief Summary ( vietnamien )

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Gobiodon histrio là một loài cá bống biển phân bố ở vùng Ấn Độ Dương, Biển Đỏ và Tây Thái Bình Dương. Đây là loài được ghi nhận rằng là loài cá bống giúp san hô chống lại tảo độc.

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