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Pholis

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Pholis ( catalan ; valencien )

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Pholis és un gènere de peixos de la família dels fòlids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.[4]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba a l'Atlàntic (des de l'Àrtic[5][6][7] i la península de Kanin fins a la mar Blanca,[8] el mar del Nord,[9][10][11][12][13] la mar Bàltica,[14][15][16][17] La Rochelle -França-, Islàndia,[18][19] l'oest de Groenlàndia,[20][21][22][23][24] la península del Labrador[25] -el Canadà-[26][27][28][29][30] i la badia de Delaware -els Estats Units-),[31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] el Pacífic oriental (des del mar de Bering, les illes Aleutianes i Alaska[47][48][49][50] fins al nord de Califòrnia[51] -els Estats Units-, incloent-hi la Colúmbia Britànica -el Canadà-)[52][53][27][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][58] i el Pacífic nord-occidental (el sud-est de Kamtxatka,[62][63] les illes Kurils, el mar del Japó,[64][65] el Japó -com ara, l'illa de Hokkaido-,[66][67][68][69] el nord del mar de la Xina Oriental, la península de Corea[70][71][72][73][74] i des de la mar Groga fins a la mar de Bohai -la Xina-).[75][76]

Espècies

Estat de conservació

Només Pholis nebulosa[97] i Pholis ornata[98] apareixen a la Llista Vermella de la UICN.

Referències

  1. ↑ uBio (anglès)
  2. ↑ Scopoli J. A., 1777. Introductio ad historiam naturalem, sistens genera lapidum, plantarum et animalium hactenus detecta, caracteribus essentialibus donata, in tribus divisa, subinde ad leges naturae. Praga. Introd. Hist. Nat. i-x + 1-506.
  3. ↑ uBio (anglès)
  4. ↑ The Taxonomicon (anglès)
  5. ↑ Dolgov, A. V., 2000. New data on composition and distribution of the Barents Sea ichthyofauna. ICES CM2000/Mini:12, 12p.
  6. ↑ Andriyashev, A.P. i N.V. Chernova, 1995. Annotated list of fishlike vertebrates and fish of the arctic seas and adjacent waters. J. Ichthyol. 35(1):81-123.
  7. ↑ McAllister, D. E., V. Legendre i J. G. Hunter, 1987. Liste de noms inuktitut (esquimaux), français, anglais et scientifiques des poissons marins du Canada arctique. Rapp. Manus. Can. Sci. Halieut. Aquat, 1932,106 p.
  8. ↑ Nilssen, K. T., T. Haug, V. Potelov, V. A. Stasenkov i Y. K. Timshenko, 1995. Food habits of harp seals (Phoca groenlandica) during lactation and moult in March-May in the southern Barents sea and White sea. ICES. J. Mar. Sci. 52 :33-41.
  9. ↑ Flintegård, H., 1987. Fishes in the North Sea Museum's aquaria. North Sea Museum, North Sea Centre, DK-9850 Hirtshals. Hirtshals Bogtryk/Offset A/S.
  10. ↑ Muus, B. i P. Dahlström, 1978. Meeresfische der Ostsee, der Nordsee, des Atlantiks. BLV Verlagsgesellschaft, Munic. 244 p.
  11. ↑ Muus, B.J. i J.G. Nielsen, 1999. Sea fish. Scandinavian Fishing Year Book, Hedehusene, Dinamarca. 340 p.
  12. ↑ Nijssen, H. i S.J. de Groot, 1974. Catalogue of fish species of the Netherlands. Beaufortia 21(285):173-207.
  13. ↑ Thiel, R., H. Cabral i M.J. Costa, 2003. Composition, temporal changes and ecological guild classification of the ichthyofaunas of large European estuaries - a comparison between the Tagus (Portugal) and the Elbe (Germany). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 19(5):330-342.
  14. ↑ Koli, L., 1990. Suomen kalat (Peixos de Finlàndia). Werner Söderström Osakeyhtiö. Helsinki. 357 p. (en finès).
  15. ↑ Ojaveer, E. i E. Pihu, 2003. Estonian natural fish waters. P. 15-27. A: E. Ojaveer, E. Pihu i T. Saat (eds.). Fishes of Estonia. Estonian Academy Publishers, Tallinn.
  16. ↑ Ojaveer, E., E. Pihu i T. Saat, 2003. Fishes of Estonia. Estonian Academy Publishers, Tallinn. 416 p.
  17. ↑ Winkler, H.M., K. Skora, R. Repecka, M. Ploks, A. Neelov, L. Urho, A. Gushin i H. Jespersen, 2000. Checklist and status of fish species in the Baltic Sea. ICES CM 2000/Mini:11, 15 p.
  18. ↑ 18,0 18,1 Gunnarsson, Á i K. Gunnarsson, 2002. Temperature effects on growth and maturity of butterfish (Pholis gunnellus) in Iceland. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 82(5):903-906.
  19. ↑ Jonsson, G., 1992. Islenskir fiskar. Fiolvi, Reykjavik, Islàndia. 568 pp.
  20. ↑ Jensen, A. S., 1942. Contributions to the ichthyofauna of Greenland, 1-3. p. 1-44. A: Skrifter udgivet af Universitetets zoologiske Museum København. II.
  21. ↑ Schultz-Lorentzen, X., 1927. Dictionary of the West Greenland Eskimo language. Medd. Om Grønland 69:1-303.
  22. ↑ Muus, B., F. Salomonsen i C. Vibe, 1990. Grønlands fauna (Fisk, Fugle, Pattedyr). Gyldendalske Boghandel, Nordisk Forlag A/S København, 464 p. (en danès).
  23. ↑ Nielsen, J. G. i E. Bertelsen, 1992. Fisk i grønlandske farvande. Atuakkiorfik, Nuuk. 65 s.
  24. ↑ Rätz, H-J., 1999. Structures and Changes of the Demersal Fish Assemblage off Greenland, 1982-1996. NAFO Sci. Coun. Studies, 32:1-15.
  25. ↑ Jeddore, R. (ed.), 1976. Labrador Inuit. Uqausingit. Labrador Inuit Committee on Literacy. Department of Education, St. John's, Terranova. 217 pp.
  26. ↑ Coad, B.W. i J.D. Reist, 2004. Annotated list of the arctic marine fishes of Canada. Can. MS Rep. Fish Aquat. Sci. 2674:iv:+112 p.
  27. ↑ 27,0 27,1 Coad, B.W., 1995. Encyclopedia of Canadian fishes. Canadian Museum of Nature and Canadian Sportfishing Productions Inc. Singapur.
  28. ↑ Robins, C.R. i G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Estats Units. 354 p.
  29. ↑ Scott, W.B. i M.G. Scott, 1988. Atlantic fishes of Canada. Can. Bull. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 219: 731 p.
  30. ↑ Story, G. M., W. J. Kirwin i J. D. A. Widdowson, 1990. Dictionary of Newfoundland English. Segona edició. University of Toronto Press, Toronto. 770 p.
  31. ↑ Moring, J. R., 1990. Seasonal absence of fishes in tidepools of a boreal environment (Maine, USA). Hydrobiologia 194(2):163-168.
  32. ↑ Lazzari, M. A., 2001. Dynamics of larval fish abundance in Penobscot Bay, Maine. Fish. Bull. 99(1):81-93.
  33. ↑ Collette, B. B. i G. Klein-MacPhee (eds.), 2002. Bigelow and Schroeder’s fishes of the Gulf of Maine. Tercera edició. Caldwell, Nova Jersey: Blackburn Press, 577 p.: ill.; 27 cm.
  34. ↑ Bowman, R. E., C. E. Stillwell, W. L. Michaels i M. D. Grosslein, 2000. Food of northwest Atlantic fishes and two common species of squid. NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-NE 155, 138 p.
  35. ↑ Bruce, J.R., J.S. Colman i N.S. Jones (1963). Marine fauna of the Isle of Man. Memoir Núm. 36. Liverpool University Press, Liverpool, Gran Bretanya.
  36. ↑ Coull, K.A., A.S. Jermyn, A.W. Newton, G.I. Henderson i W.B. Hall, 1989. Length/weight relationships for 88 species of fish encountered in the North Atlantic. Scottish Fish. Res. Rep. (43):80 p.
  37. ↑ Louisy, P., 2001. Guide d'identification des poissons marins. Europe et Méditerranée. París: Eds. Eugène Ulmer.
  38. ↑ Makushok, V. M., 1979. Pholidae. P. 534-535. A: J.C. Hureau i Th. Monod (eds.). Check-list of the fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and of the Mediterranean (CLOFNAM). UNESCO, París. Vol. 1.
  39. ↑ Makushok, V. M., 1986. Pholididae. P. 1124-1125. A: P. J. P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen i E. Tortonese (eds.). Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, París. Vol. 3.
  40. ↑ Muus, B.J. i P. Dahlstrøm, 1989. Havfisk og Fiskeri i Nordvesteuropa. GEC Gads Forlag, København, 244 p. (en danès).
  41. ↑ Rogers, S.I. i R.S. Millner, 1996. Factors affecting the annual abundance and regional distribution of English inshore demersal fish populations: 1973 to 1995. ICES J. Mar. Sci. 53:1094-1112.
  42. ↑ Rogers, S. I., D. Maxwell, A. D. Rijnsdorp, U. Damm i W. Vanheed, 1999. Fishing effects in northeast Atlantic shelf seas: patterns in fishing effort, diversity and community structure. IV. Can comparisons of species diversity be used to assess human impacts on demersal fish faunas?. Fish. Res. 40 (1999) 135-152.
  43. ↑ Russell, F.S., 1976. The eggs and planktonic stages of British marine fishes. Academic Press, Londres, la Gran Bretanya. 524 p.
  44. ↑ Went, A.E.J., 1957. List of Irish fishes. Department of Lands, Fisheries Division, Dublín. 31 p.
  45. ↑ Wheeler, A., 1992. A list of the common and scientific names of fishes of the British Isles. J. Fish Biol. 41(1):1-37.
  46. ↑ Minchin, D., 1987. Fishes of the Lough Hyne marine reserve. J. Fish Biol. 31:343-352.
  47. ↑ Armstrong, R. H., 1996. Alaska's fish. A guide to selected species. Alaska Northwest Books. 94 p.
  48. ↑ Evermann, B. W. i E. L. Goldsborough, 1907. The fishes of Alaska. Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish. 26: 219-360.
  49. ↑ Mecklenburg, C. W., T. A. Mecklenburg i L. K. Thorsteinson, 2002. Fishes of Alaska. American Fisheries Society, Bethesda, Maryland. xxxvii +1037 p.
  50. ↑ Quast, J. C. i E. L. Hall, 1972. List of fishes of Alaska and adjacent waters with a guide to some of their literature. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS SSRF-658, 47 p.
  51. ↑ Yoshiyama, R. M., C. Sassaman i R. N. Lea, 1986. Rocky intertidal fish communities of California: temporal and spatial variation. Environ. Biol. Fish. 17(1):23-40.
  52. ↑ Clemens, W. A. i G. V. Wilby, 1961. Fishes of the Pacific coast of Canada. Segona edició. Fish. Res. Bd. Canada Bull. (68):443 p.
  53. ↑ Hart, J. L., 1973. Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p.
  54. ↑ Danko, J. P., 1998. Building a reliable database from a native oral tradition using fish-related terms from the Saanich language. P. 29-33. A: D. Pauly, T. Pitcher i D. Preikshot (eds.). Back to the future: reconstructing the Strait of Georgia Ecosystem. 99 p. The Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, la Colúmbia Britànica, el Canadà.
  55. ↑ Eschmeyer, W. N., E. S. Herald i H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Estats Units. 336 p.
  56. ↑ Goodson, G., 1988. Fishes of the Pacific coast. Alaska to Peru including the Gulf of California and the Galapagos Islands. Stanford University Press, Stanford, Califòrnia. 267 p.
  57. ↑ Lamb, A. i P. Edgell, 1986. Coastal fishes of the Pacific northwest. Harbour Publishing Co. Ltd., la Colúmbia Britànica, el Canadà. 224 p.
  58. ↑ 58,0 58,1 Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea i J.D. Williams, 2004. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland, Estats Units.
  59. ↑ Robins, C. R., R. M. Bailey, C. E. Bond, J. R. Brooker, E. A. Lachner, R. N. Lea i W. B. Scott, 1980. A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174.
  60. ↑ Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea i W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Pub. (20):183 p.
  61. ↑ Matarese, A. C., A. W. Kendall, D. M. Blood i M. V. Vinter, 1989. Laboratory guide to early life history stages of Northeast Pacific fishes. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 80:1-652.
  62. ↑ Acadèmia Russa de les Ciències, 2000. Catalog of vertebrates of Kamtxatka and adjacent waters. 166 p.
  63. ↑ Fedorov, V. V., I. A. Chereshnev, M. V. Nazarkin, A. V. Shestakov i V. V. Volobuev, 2003. Catalog of marine and freswater fishes of the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk. Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 2003. 204 p.
  64. ↑ Sokolovskaya, T. G., A. S. Sokolovskii i E. I. Sobolevskii, 1998. A list of fishes of Peter the Great Bay (the Sea of Japan). J. Ichthyol. 38(1):1-11.
  65. ↑ Nóvikov, N. P.; Sokolovski, A. S.; Sokolóvskaia, T. G.; Iàkovlev, I. M., 2002. The fishes of Primorye. Vladivostok, Far Eastern State Tech. Fish. Univ., 552 p.
  66. ↑ Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno i T. Yoshino, 1984. The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tòquio, el Japó. 437 p.
  67. ↑ Nakabo, T., 2002. Fishes of Japan with pictorial keys to the species. Edició en anglès II. Tokai University Press, el Japó, pp. 867-1749.
  68. ↑ Kanou, K., M. Sano i H. Kohno, 2004. Food habits of fishes on unvegetated tidal mudflats in Tokyo Bay, central Japan. Fish. Sci. 70(6):978-987.
  69. ↑ Safran, P. i M. Omori, 1990. Some ecological observations on fishes associated with drifting seaweed off Tohoku coast, Japan. Mar. Biol. 105:395-402.
  70. ↑ Kim, Y.-H., B. S. Jeon i Y. J. Kang, 2000. Seasonal variation in species composition of fish in Suyoung Bay, Korea. J. Korean Fish. Soc. 33(4):320-324.
  71. ↑ An, Y. R. i S.H. Huh, 2002. Species composition and seasonal variation of fish assemblage in the coastal water off Gadeok-do, Korea. J. Korean Fish. Soc. 35(6):715-722.
  72. ↑ Cho, S.-H., J.-G. Myoung, J.-M. Kim i J.H. Lee, 2001. Fish fauna associated with drifting seaweed in the coastal area of Tongyeong, Korea. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 130(6):1190-1202.
  73. ↑ Huh, S. H. i Y. R. An, 2000. Species composition and seasonal variation of fish assemblage in the coastal water off Gadeok-do, Korea. J. Korean Fish. Soc. 33(4):288-301.
  74. ↑ Kim, I.S., Y. Choi, C.L. Lee, Y.J. Lee, B.J. Kim i J.H. Kim, 2005. Illustrated book of Korean fishes. Kyo-Hak Pub Co. Seül, Corea del Sud. 615 p.
  75. ↑ Huang, Z., 2001. Marine species and their distribution in China's seas. p. 404- 463. Vertebrata. Smithsonian Institution, Florida, Estats Units. 598 p.
  76. ↑ GBIF (anglès)
  77. ↑ Rosenblatt, R. H., 1964. A new gunnel, Pholis clemensi, from the coast of western North America. Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada v. 21 (núm. 5): 933-939.
  78. ↑ 78,0 78,1 Temminck, C. J. & Schlegel, H., 1845. Fauna Japonica, sive descriptio animalium quae in itinere per Japoniam ... Parts 7-9: 113-172, Pls. 1-143 + A.
  79. ↑ Wang, K. F. & Wang, S.-C., 1935. Study of the teleost fishes of coastal region of Shantung III. Contributions from the Biological Laboratory of the Science Society of China. (Zoological Series) v. 11 (núm. 6): 165-237.
  80. ↑ Bloch, M. E. & Schneider, J. G., 1801. M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae iconibus cx illustratum. Post obitum auctoris opus inchoatum absolvit, correxit, interpolavit Jo. Gottlob Schneider, Saxo. Berolini. Sumtibus Auctoris Impressum et Bibliopolio Sanderiano Commissum. M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae.: i-lx + 1-584, Pls. 1-110.
  81. ↑ Linnaeus, C., 1758. Systema Naturae, Ed. X. (Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata.) Holmiae. Systema Nat. ed. 10 v. 1: i-ii + 1-824.
  82. ↑ Cope, E. D., 1873. A contribution to the ichthyology of Alaska. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society v. 13: 24-32.
  83. ↑ Peden, A. E. & Hughes, G. W., 1984. Distribution, morphological variation, and systematic relationship of Pholis laeta and Pholis ornata (Pisces: Pholididae) with a description of the related form Pholis nea n. sp. Canadian Journal of Zoology v. 62 (núm. 2): 291-305.
  84. ↑ Girard, C. F., 1854. Observations upon a collection of fishes made on the Pacific coast of the United States, by Lieut. W. P. Trowbridge, U. S. A., for the museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. V. 7: 142-156.
  85. ↑ Kner, R., 1868. Über neue Fische aus dem Museum der Herren Johann Cäsar Godeffroy & Sohn in Hamburg. (IV. Folge). Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 58 (núms. 1-2): 26-31.
  86. ↑ Schultz, L. P., 1931. Key to the fishes of Oregon and Washington, with a glossary of technical terms. University Bookstore, Seattle, Washington. Key to the fishes of Oregon and Washington, with a glossary of technical terms.: 1-63.
  87. ↑ Catalogue of Life (anglès)
  88. ↑ FishBase (anglès)
  89. ↑ Encyclopedia of Life (anglès)
  90. ↑ BioLib (anglès)
  91. ↑ UNEP-WCMC Species Database (anglès)
  92. ↑ Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond i T. A. Dewey, 2012. The Animal Diversity Web (en línia) (anglès)
  93. ↑ Arctos Specimen Database (anglès)
  94. ↑ AQUATAB (txec)
  95. ↑ ITIS (anglès)
  96. ↑ NatureServe (anglès)
  97. ↑ UICN (anglès)
  98. ↑ UICN (anglès)


Bibliografia

  • Anònim, 2000. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica.
  • Anònim, 2001. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution - Division of Fishes.
  • Anònim, 2002. Base de dades de la col·lecció de peixos del American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West, NY 10024-5192, els Estats Units.
  • Anònim, 2003. Col·lecció de peixos del Museu Reial d'Ontàrio. Museu Reial d'Ontàrio.
  • Coleman, R. M., 1999. Parental care in intertidal fishes. P. 165-180. A: M. H. Horn, K. L. Martin i M. A. Chotkowski (eds.). Intertidal fishes: life in two worlds. Academic Press, els Estats Units. 399 p.
  • Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. 2905. ISBN 0940228475.
  • Froese, R. i C. Papasissi, 1990. The use of modern relational databases for identification of fish larvae. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 6:37-45.
  • Froese, R. i C. Binohlan, 2003. Simple methods to obtain preliminary growth estimates for fishes. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 19(6):376-379.
  • Grabda, E. i T. Heese, 1991. Polskie nazewnictwo popularne kraglouste i ryby. Cyclostomata et Pisces. Wyzsza Szkola Inzynierska w Koszalinie. Koszalin, Polònia. 171 pàgines.
  • Kaur, D. i M. D. C. Srivastava, 1965. The structure and behaviour of chromosome in five freshwater teleosts. Caryologia 18:181-191.
  • Makino, S., 1937. Notes on the chromosomes of some teleost fishes. Zool. Mag. 49:75-76. Tòquio.
  • Martin, K. L. M. i C. R. Bridges, 1999. Respiration in water and air. P. 54-78. A: M.H. Horn, K.L.M. Martin i M.A. Chotkowski (eds.) Intertidal fishes. Life in two worlds. Academic Press. 399 p.
  • Mecklenburg, C. W., 2003. Family Pholidae (Gill, 1893) - gunnels. Calif. Acad. Sci. Annotated Checklists of Fishes (9):11.
  • Museu Suec d'Història Natural. Base de dades de la col·lecció d'ictiologia. Secció d'Ictiologia, Departament de Zoologia de Vertebrats. Estocolm, Suècia, 1999.
  • Perlmutter, A., 1961. Guide to marine fishes. Bramhall House, Nova York. 431 p.
  • Ricker, W.E., 1973. Russian-English dictionary for students of fisheries and aquatic biology. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa.
  • Vasil'ev, V.P., 1980. Chromosome numbers in fish-like vertebrates and fish. J. Ichthyol. 20(3): 1-38.
  • Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao i C.F. Lai (eds.), 1999. Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1.028 pàgines.


Enllaços externs

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Pholis: Brief Summary ( catalan ; valencien )

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src= Pholis gunnellus src= Pholis gunnellus capturat als Països Baixos. src= Pholis laeta src= Pholis gunnellus (circa 1795-1797) src= Pholis ornata src= Pholis laeta src= Pholis fasciata

Pholis és un gènere de peixos de la família dels fòlids i de l'ordre dels perciformes.

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Pholis ( olonetsien )

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Pholis on voikaloin heimoh kuului kalasugu.

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Pholis ( anglais )

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Pholis is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Pholidae, the gunnels. These fishes are found in shallow coastal waters of the North Pacific, Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans.

Taxonomy

Pholis was first proposed as a genus in 1777 by the Italian naturalist Giovanni Antonio Scopoli. The type species was later designated to be Blennius gunnellus,[1] which Linnaeus had described in 1758 in the 10th edition of the Systema Naturae.[2] The genus is the only genus in the monotypic subfamily Pholinae, one of two subfamilies in the family Pholidae.[3] The genus name Pholis is an Ancient Greek name for a fish that hides in a hole, the name dating at least as far back in history to Aristotle.[4]

Species

Pholis contains 11 species:[5]

Characteristics

Philos species have the elongate, compressed bodies of other gunnels. They differ on that there is no interorbital pore and that the head lacks scales or has small scales which are only present in larger adults.[6] These fishes vary in maximum published total length varying from 7.9 cm (3.1 in) in P. nea and 31 cm (12 in) in P. picta.[5]

Distribution, habitat and biology

Pholis gunnels are predominantly found in the temperate and boreal wasters of the North Pacific Ocean but P. fasciatus and P. gunnellus are found in the Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans, the only gunnels to occur outside the Pacific Ocean. These fishes are found in rocky areas in the intertidal zone and in the shallow waters below the low tide mark.[7] They feed on invertebrates and fish eggs. They are oviparous, laying eggs in a large mass which is guarded.[8]

References

  1. ^ a b Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Pholidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  2. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Pholis". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  3. ^ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 478–482. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  4. ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (4 July 2021). "Order Perciformes (Part 11): Suborder Cottoidea: Infraorder Zoarcales: Families: Anarhichadidae, Neozoarcidae, Eulophias, Stichaeidae, Lumpenidae, Ophistocentridae, Pholidae, Ptilichthyidae, Zaproridae, Cryptacanthodidae, Cebidichthyidae, Scytalinidae and Bathymasteridae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 31 July 2022.
  5. ^ a b Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2022). Species of Pholis in FishBase. February 2022 version.
  6. ^ Yatsu, A. (1981). "A revision of the gunnel family Pholididae (Pisces, Blennioidei)". Bulletin of the National Science Museum. Series A (Zoology). 7 (4): 165–190.
  7. ^ Mecklenburg, C. W. (2003). Family Pholidae Gill 1893 — gunnels (PDF). California Academy of Sciences. Annotated Checklists of Fishes. Vol. 9. ISSN 1545-150X.
  8. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2022). "Pholis gunnellus" in FishBase. February 2022 version.
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Pholis: Brief Summary ( anglais )

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Pholis is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Pholidae, the gunnels. These fishes are found in shallow coastal waters of the North Pacific, Arctic and North Atlantic Oceans.

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Pholis ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Pholis: Brief Summary ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Pholis es un género de peces perciformes de la familia Pholidae.​

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Pholis

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Pholis est un genre de poissons marins appartenant à la famille des Pholidae.

Liste d'espèces

Selon ITIS[1] :

Selon WRMS[2] :

Notes et références

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Pholis: Brief Summary

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Pholis est un genre de poissons marins appartenant à la famille des Pholidae.

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Pholis ( néerlandais ; flamand )

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Vissen

Pholis is een geslacht van straalvinnige vissen uit de familie van botervissen (Pholidae).[1] Het geslacht is voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven in 1777 door Scopoli.

Soorten

De volgende soorten zijn bij het geslacht ingedeeld:

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. ↑ (en) Pholis. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
Geplaatst op:
22-10-2011
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Pholis: Brief Summary ( néerlandais ; flamand )

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Pholis is een geslacht van straalvinnige vissen uit de familie van botervissen (Pholidae). Het geslacht is voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven in 1777 door Scopoli.

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Pholis ( polonais )

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Pholis – rodzaj morskich ryb z rodziny ostropłetwcowatych.

Klasyfikacja

Gatunki zaliczane do tego rodzaju [2]:

Przypisy

  1. ↑ Pholis, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. ↑ Eschmeyer, W. N. & Fricke, R.: Catalog of Fishes electronic version (2 October 2012) (ang.). California Academy of Sciences. [dostęp 12 listopada 2012].
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Pholis: Brief Summary ( polonais )

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Pholis – rodzaj morskich ryb z rodziny ostropłetwcowatych.

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Pholis ( ukrainien )

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Pholis — рід окунеподібних риб родини Маслюкові (Pholidae). Поширений в океанах Північної півкулі.

Види

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Pholis: Brief Summary ( ukrainien )

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Pholis — рід окунеподібних риб родини Маслюкові (Pholidae). Поширений в океанах Північної півкулі.

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