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Stachelplattköpfe ( allemand )

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Die Stachelplattköpfe (Plectrogenium (Gr.: plektron = etwas zum Stechen, genos = Rasse)) sind eine Gattung kleiner Meeresfische aus der Ordnung der Barschartigen (Perciformes). Die Fische leben im Indopazifik in Tiefen von 250 bis 650 Metern.

Merkmale

Plectrogenium-Arten werden nur 5,15 bis 6,8 cm lang. Ihr Körper ist abgeflacht, der Kopf mit knöchernen Kämmen und Stacheln versehen. Die Kiemenmembranen sind am Isthmus nicht zusammengewachsen. Ihre Rückenflosse wird von zwölf Stacheln und sieben Weichstrahlen gestützt, die Afterflosse von drei Stacheln und fünf Weichstrahlen. Die Stacheln von Rücken-, After- und Bauchflossen stehen mit Giftdrüsen in Verbindung. Die Anzahl der Wirbel liegt bei 25 bis 27.

Systematik

Die systematische Stellung der Fische ist umstritten. Bei Fishbase bilden sie eine eigene, monogenerische Familie.[1] Der amerikanische Ichthyologe Joseph S. Nelson ordnet sie als Unterfamilie Plectrogeniinae den Skorpionfischen (Scorpaenidae) zu, räumt aber eine mögliche Verwandtschaft mit den Platycephaloidei (Plattköpfe und Verwandte) ein. Leo Smith und Kollegen stellten Anfang 2018 auch die Gattung Bembradium in die Familie Plectrogeniidae und ordneten diese als Schwestergruppe der Neosebastidae den Drachenkopfverwandten (Scorpaenoidei) zu.[2]

Arten

Es gibt zehn Arten:[3]

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

  1. Plectrogeniidae auf Fishbase.org (englisch)
  2. Smith, W.L., Everman, E. & Richardson, C. (2018): Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Flatheads, Scorpionfishes, Sea Robins, and Stonefishes (Percomorpha: Scorpaeniformes) and the Evolution of the Lachrymal Saber. Copeia 106(1):94-119. 2018 doi: 10.1643/CG-17-669
  3. Matsunuma, M., Uesaka, K., Yamakawa, T. & Endo, H. (2021): Review of the Indo-Pacifc scorpaenoid genus Plectrogenium Gilbert 1905 (Plectrogeniidae) with descriptions of eight new species. Ichthyological Research, Published online: 17 November 2021.
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Stachelplattköpfe: Brief Summary ( allemand )

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Die Stachelplattköpfe (Plectrogenium (Gr.: plektron = etwas zum Stechen, genos = Rasse)) sind eine Gattung kleiner Meeresfische aus der Ordnung der Barschartigen (Perciformes). Die Fische leben im Indopazifik in Tiefen von 250 bis 650 Metern.

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Plectrogenium ( anglais )

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Plectrogenium, is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes, the stinger flatheads, the only genus classified within the subfamily Plectrogeninae, which in turn is classified within the family Scorpaenidae. This genus is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

Taxonomy

Plectrogenium was originally named as a monotypic genus in 1905 by the American ichthyologist Charles Henry Gilbert when he described what was then considered to be its only species,[1] Plectrogenium nanum, from Hawaii.[2] Plectrogenium is the only genus in the monotypic subfamily Plectrogeninae which is classified within the family Scorpaenidae in the order Scorpaeniformes by some authorities.[3] Other authorities treat this taxon as part of a separate family Plectrogenidae, alongside the genus Bembradium, and place this family in the perciform suborder Platycephaloidei.[4] The genus name, Plectrogenium, is a compound of plectro, which means “spur”, and genys, which means “cheek”or “chin”, an allusion to the lines of robust spines along the sides of the head.[5]

Species

The currently recognized species in this genus are:[1]

Characteristics

Plectrogenium is characterised by having a laterally compressed body with a number of spines and ridges on the head. There are venom glands on the spines in the dorsal, anal and pelvic fins.[6] The dorsal fin typically has 12 spines and 71/2 soft rays, the dorsal fin is split into 2 fins with 2 spines in the anterior part of the second dorsal fin. There are between 22 and 25 rays in the pectoral fins and they have 30-35 vertical rows of ctenoid scales on the body. There are flattened spines on the suborbital ridge which resembles that of the Platycephalidae. The mouth is positioned ventrally.[7] They are small fishes with standard lengths of less than 10 cm (3.9 in)[8]

Distribution and habitat

Plectrogenium is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans from Madagascar to Hawaii.[9] They are bathydemersal fishes which are found at depths greater then 250 m (820 ft).[6]

References

  1. ^ a b Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Genera in the family Plectrogeniidae". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
  2. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Plectrogenium". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
  3. ^ J. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. pp. 468–475. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
  4. ^ Ricardo Betancur-R; Edward O. Wiley; Gloria Arratia; et al. (2017). "Phylogenetic classification of bony fishes". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 17 (162). doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0958-3. PMC 5501477.
  5. ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (7 December 2021). "Order PERCIFORMES: Suborder PLATYCEPHALOIDEI: Families BEMBRIDAE, PARABEMBRIDAE, PLATYCEPHALIDAE, HOPLICHTHYIDAE and PLECTROGENIIDAE". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
  6. ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel, eds. (February 2022). "Family Plectrogeniidae - Stinger flatheads". FishBase. Retrieved 18 April 2022.
  7. ^ William N. Eschmeyer and John E. Randall (1975). "The Scorpaenid Fishes of the Hawaiian Islands Including New Species and New Records (Pisces:Scorpaenidae)". Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. Series 4. 40 (11): 265–334.
  8. ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2022). Species of Plectrogenium in FishBase. February 2022 version.
  9. ^ Matsunuma, M.; Uesaka, K.; Yamakawa, T. & Hiromitsu Endo. "Review of the Indo-Pacific scorpaenoid genus Plectrogenium Gilbert 1905 (Plectrogeniidae) with descriptions of eight new species". Ichthyological Research. doi:10.1007/s10228-021-00844-z.
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Plectrogenium: Brief Summary ( anglais )

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Plectrogenium, is a genus of marine ray-finned fishes, the stinger flatheads, the only genus classified within the subfamily Plectrogeninae, which in turn is classified within the family Scorpaenidae. This genus is found in the Indian and Pacific Oceans.

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Plectrogenium ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Plectrogenium es un género de peces actinopterigios marinos,[1]​ el único de la familia monotípica Plectrogeniidae, distribuidos por aguas profundas del océano Pacífico y este del océano Índico.[2]

Tienen el cuerpo comprimido, la cabeza normalmente con espinas y crestas, tienen glándulas de veneno en las espinas de las aletas dorsal, anal y pélvicas.[2]

Especies

Según ITIS no es válida esta familia y el único género que tiene estaría integrado en la familia Scorpaenidae.[3]

Según FishBase sería una familia válida, con este único género y con dos especies:[1]

Referencias

  1. a b "Plectrogeniidae". En FishBase (Rainer Froese y Daniel Pauly, eds.). Consultada en mayo de 2018. N.p.: FishBase, 2018.
  2. a b Nelson, J.S. (1994). Fishes of the world (en inglés) (3ª edición edición). Nueva York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. pp. 600 p.
  3. Sistema Integrado de Información Taxonómica. «Plectrogenium (TSN 166897)» (en inglés).
  4. Mandrytsa, S.A., 1992. «The new species and new records of fishes from the genera Phenacoscorpius and Plectrogenium in the Pacific, Atlantic and Indian Oceans». J. Ichthyol. (7):100-109.

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Plectrogenium: Brief Summary ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Plectrogenium es un género de peces actinopterigios marinos,​ el único de la familia monotípica Plectrogeniidae, distribuidos por aguas profundas del océano Pacífico y este del océano Índico.​

Tienen el cuerpo comprimido, la cabeza normalmente con espinas y crestas, tienen glándulas de veneno en las espinas de las aletas dorsal, anal y pélvicas.​

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Plectrogenium ( basque )

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Plectrogenium arrain eskorpeniformeen generoa da, Indiako ozeanoan eta mendebaldeko Ozeano Barean bizi dena. Plectrogenidae familia osatzen duen bakarra da. Generoak 2 espezie ditu:[1]

Banaketa

Erreferentziak


Biologia Artikulu hau biologiari buruzko zirriborroa da. Wikipedia lagun dezakezu edukia osatuz.
(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Plectrogenium: Brief Summary ( basque )

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Plectrogenium arrain eskorpeniformeen generoa da, Indiako ozeanoan eta mendebaldeko Ozeano Barean bizi dena. Plectrogenidae familia osatzen duen bakarra da. Generoak 2 espezie ditu:

Plectrogenium barsukovi Mandritsa, 1992 Plectrogenium nanum C. H. Gilbert, 1905
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Sauvasimput ( finnois )

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Sauvasimput (Plectrogeniidae tai Plectrogenidae) on simppukaloihin kuuluva heimo. Heimon lajeja tavataan syvistä vesistä Intian valtamerestä ja Tyynestämerestä.

Lajit ja anatomia

Sauvasimppujen heimoon kuuluu 1 suku ja 2 lajia. Lajit ovat sauvasimppu (Plectrogenium nanum) ja pikkusauvasimppu (P. barsukovi). Heimon asemasta on epäselvyyttä ja toisinaan se luokitellaan kuuluvaksi simppuihin (Cottidae) tai korusimppuihin (Sebastidae). Sauvasimppulajit ovat pinehköjä kaloja, jotka saavuttavat suurimmillaan noin 7 cm:n pituuden. Ruumiinrakenteeltaan ne ovat pitkänomaisia kaloja. Pää on litteähkö ja piikikäs, piikikkäitä selkäeviä on 2 ja selkä- rinta- ja peräevissä on myrkkyrauhanen.[1][2]

Levinneisyys

Sauvasimppujen levinneisyys ulottuu läntiseltä Intian valtamereltä Tyynenmeren keskiosiin. Ne elävät mannerjalustoilla noin 270–600 metrin syvyydessä.[1][2]

Lähteet

  1. a b Family Plectrogeniidae (peilipalvelin) FishBase. Froese, R. & Pauly, D. (toim.). Viitattu 7.5.2013. (englanniksi)
  2. a b Plectrogeniidae Fishes of Australia. Viitattu 07.05.2013. (englanniksi)
Tämä kaloihin liittyvä artikkeli on tynkä. Voit auttaa Wikipediaa laajentamalla artikkelia.
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Sauvasimput: Brief Summary ( finnois )

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Sauvasimput (Plectrogeniidae tai Plectrogenidae) on simppukaloihin kuuluva heimo. Heimon lajeja tavataan syvistä vesistä Intian valtamerestä ja Tyynestämerestä.

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Plectrogenium ( italien )

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Plectrogenium Gilbert, 1905 è un genere di pesci ossei marini. Si tratta dell'unico genere appartenente alla famiglia Plectrogenidae (ordine Scorpaeniformes).

Distribuzione e habitat

Le due specie del genere sono diffuse una nell'Oceano Pacifico sudorientale e l'altra nelle acque profonde dell'Indo-Pacifico[1].

Fanno vita bentonica a medie profondità nei piani circalitorale e batiale[1].

Descrizione

Sono pesci di taglia molto piccola, non superiore a pochi centimetri. La testa è ornata da creste ossee ed escrescenze spiniformi. Il corpo è compresso lateralmente. Possiedono ghiandole velenifere nei raggi spiniformi delle pinne dorsale, anale e ventrali[1].

Biologia

Pressoché ignota.

Specie

Note

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Plectrogenium: Brief Summary ( italien )

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Plectrogenium Gilbert, 1905 è un genere di pesci ossei marini. Si tratta dell'unico genere appartenente alla famiglia Plectrogenidae (ordine Scorpaeniformes).

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Plectrogenium ( néerlandais ; flamand )

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Vissen

Plectrogenium is een geslacht van straalvinnige vissen uit de familie van plectrogenen (Plectrogenidae).[1]

Soorten

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Plectrogenium. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
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Plectrogenium: Brief Summary ( néerlandais ; flamand )

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Plectrogenium is een geslacht van straalvinnige vissen uit de familie van plectrogenen (Plectrogenidae).

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ヒメキチジ属 ( japonais )

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ヒメキチジ属 Plectrogenium nanum.jpg
P. nanum
分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 条鰭綱 Actinopterygii : カサゴ目 Scorpaeniformes : ヒメキチジ科 Plectrogenidae
Fowler, 1938 : ヒメキチジ属 Plectrogenium 学名 Plectrogenium
(C. H. Gilbert, 1905) 種 本文参照

ヒメキチジ属学名Plectrogenium)は、カサゴ目ヒメキチジ科の一つ。ヒメキチジ科は、ヒメキチジ属のみで構成される。インド洋から太平洋にかけて分布する。

[編集]

2013年現在、ヒメキチジ属は、2種:[1]

出典・脚注[編集]

  1. ^ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2012). Species of Plectrogenium in FishBase. December 2012 version.
執筆の途中です この項目は、魚類に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めていますPortal:生き物と自然/プロジェクト:生物)。
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ヒメキチジ属: Brief Summary ( japonais )

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ヒメキチジ属(学名Plectrogenium)は、カサゴ目ヒメキチジ科の一つ。ヒメキチジ科は、ヒメキチジ属のみで構成される。インド洋から太平洋にかけて分布する。

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플렉트로게니움속 ( coréen )

fourni par wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

플렉트로게니움속(Plectrogenium)은 페르카목에 속하는 조기어류 속의 하나이다.[1] 이전에는 쏨뱅이목으로 분류했다. 플렉트로게니움과(Plectrogenidae)의 유일속이다. 인도양태평양에서 발견된다. 2종으로 이루어져 있다.

하위 종

  • Plectrogenium barsukovi Mandritsa, 1992
  • Plectrogenium nanum C. H. Gilbert, 1905

계통 분류

다음은 스미스(Smith) 등의 연구에 기초한 계통 분류이다.[2]

     

불미역치과

   

둑중개아목

    양볼락아목    

양태과

     

가시양태과

   

양성대과

         

빨간양태과

     

쑤기미과

       

네오세바스테스과

   

플렉트로게니움과

     

양볼락과

           

각주

  1. (영어) Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2015년). 어류 정보 사이트 FishBase. Plectrogenium에 속한 종. 2015년 4월 판
  2. Smith, WL, Everman, E. & Richardson, C. (2018): Phylogeny and Taxonomy of Flatheads, Scorpionfishes, Sea Robins, and Stonefishes (Percomorpha: Scorpaeniformes) and the Evolution of the Lachrymal Saber. Copeia 106 (1): 94-119. 2018 doi: 10.1643 / CG-17-669
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