Microplana

Microplana és un gènere de planària terrestre. Normalment es troben properes a arbres caducifolis o rius.^[1]

Espècies

• Microplana aixandrei Vila-Farré, Mateos, Sluys & Romero, 2008
• Microplana gadesensis Vila-Farré, Mateos, Sluys & Romero, 2008
• Microplana grazalemica Vila-Farré, Mateos, Sluys & Romero, 2008
• Microplana groga Jones, Webster, Littlewood & McDonald, 2008
• Microplana humicola Vejdovsky, 1889
• Microplana hyalina Vila-Farré & Sluys, 2011
• Microplana kwiskea Jones, Webster, Littlewood & McDonald, 2008
• Microplana monacensis (Heinzel, 1929)
• Microplana nana Mateos, Giribet & Carranza, 1998
• Microplana plurioculata Sluys, Mateos & Álvarez-Presas, 2016
• Microplana polyopsis Sluys, Álvarez-Presas & Mateos, 2016
• Microplana robusta Vila-Farré & Sluys, 2011
• Microplana scharffi (Graff, 1896)
• Microplana termitophaga Jones, Darlington & Newson, 1990
• Microplana terrestris (Müller, 1774)

Referències

Microplana ist eine Gattung der Landplanarien, die in Europa und Afrika vorkommt.^[1]

Merkmale

Arten der Gattung Microplana haben einen länglichen, zylindrischen Körper und zwei Augen. Der Kopulationsapparat weist einen permanenten konischen Penis mit knollenförmigem Muskel, der in ein kurzes Atrium genitale ragt. Ein genito-intestinaler Kanal verbindet das Intestinum mit dem weiblich Atrium.^[2]

Lebensraum

Die Arten von Microplana haben Anpassungen an verschiedene Lebensräume. Die meisten Arten kommen in Wäldern der gemäßigten Breiten vor, wie Buchen-, Eichen-, Kiefern- und Mischwäldern. Sie scheinen neutrale bis basische Böden mit einem pH-Wert, der über 6 liegt, zu bevorzugen.^[3] Es gibt jedoch auch Arten, die an trockenere Lebensräume angepasst sind, wie beispielsweise der afrikanischen Savanne.^[4]

Ernährung

Alle Arten der Gattung leben carnivor und ernähren sich von anderen Wirbellosen. Einige Arten sind aktive Räuber^[5], während andere Arten sich als Aasfresser ernähren.^[6]

Arten

Der Gattung Microplana gehören folgende Arten an:^[1][7][8]

Einzelnachweise

1. ↑ ^{a b} Miquel Vila-Farré, Ronald Sluys, Eduardo Mateos, Hugh D. Jones & Rafael Romero: Land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) from the Iberian Peninsula: new records and description of two new species, with a discussion on ecology. In: Journal of Natural History. Band 45, Nr. 15–16, 2011, S. 869–891, doi:10.1080/00222933.2010.536267.
2. ↑ Robert E. Ogren & Masaharu Kawakatsu: Index to the species of the family Rhynchodemidae (Turbellaria, Tricladida, Terricola) Part I: Rhynchodeminae. In: Bulletin of Fuji Women's College. Band 26, Nr. 2, 1988, S. 39–91.
3. ↑ Marta Álvarez‐Presas, Eduardo Mateos & Marta Riutort: Hidden diversity in forest soils: Characterization and comparison of terrestrial flatworm's communities in two national parks in Spain. In: Ecology and Evolution. Band 8, Nr. 15, 2018, S. 7386–7400, doi:10.1002/ece3.4178. Digitalisat
4. ↑ Hugh D. Jones, Johanna P. E. C. Darlington & R. M. Newson: A new species of land planarian preying on termites in Kenya (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria: Tricladida: Terricola). In: Journal of Zoology. Band 220, Nr. 2, 1990, S. 249–256, doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1990.tb04306.x.
5. ↑ Hugh D. Jones & M. S. Cumming: Feeding behaviour of the termite-eating planarian Microplana termitophaga (Platyhelminthes: Turbellaria: Tricladida: Terricola) in Zimbabwe. In: Journal of Zoology. Band 245, Nr. 1, 1998, S. 53–64, doi:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1998.tb00071.x.
6. ↑ Jillian C. McDonald & Hugh D. Jones: Feeding, maintenance and reproduction of Microplana terrestris (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Continenticola: Geoplaninae: Microplaninae) under laboratory conditions. In: Journal of Natural History. Band 48, Nr. 1–2, 2014, S. 1–34, doi:10.1080/00222933.2013.809169.
7. ↑ Ronald Sluys, Eduardo Mateos, Marta Riutort & Marta Álvarez-Presas: Towards a comprehensive, integrative analysis of the diversity of European microplaninid land flatworms (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Microplaninae), with the description of two peculiar new species. In: Systematics and Biodiversity. Band 14, Nr. 1, 2016, S. 9–31, doi:10.1080/14772000.2015.1103323.
8. ↑ Eduardo Mateos, Ronald Sluys, Marta Riutort & Marta Álvarez-Presas: Species richness in the genus Microplana (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Microplaninae) in Europe: as yet no asymptote in sight. In: Invertebrate Systematics. Band 31, Nr. 3, 2017, S. 269–301, doi:10.1071/IS16038. Digitalisat

Microplana is a genus of land planarians found in Europe and Africa.^[1]

Description

Species of the genus Microplana are characterized by having an elongate, rounded body and generally only two eyes. The copulatory apparatus has a permanent conical penis with a muscular bulbus projecting into a short atrium. A genito-intestinal canal or a bursa copulatrix is usually present, connecting the intestine to the female atrium.^[2]

Ecology

Species of Microplana are adapted to different habitats. Most species occur in temperate forests, including beech, oak, pine and mixed forests, and seem to prefer neutral to basic soils, with pH values above 6.^[3] However, there are species adapted to drier habitats, such as the African savanna.^[4]

All Microplana species are carnivores, feeding on other invertebrates. Some are active predators,^[5] while others are mainly scavengers.^[6]

Species

The genus Microplana includes the following species:^[1][7][8]

References

Microplana es un género de platelmintos tricládidos perteneciente a la familia Geoplanidae. Se distribuyen por Europa y África.^[1]​

Especies

Se reconocen las siguientes especies: ^[1]​^[2]​^[3]​

• Microplana aberana (Mell, 1904)
• Microplana aixandrei Vila-Farré, Mateos, Sluys & Romero, 2008
• Microplana astricta Sluys, Álvarez-Presas & Mateos, 2017
• Microplana atropurpurea (von Graff, 1899)
• Microplana attemsi (Bendl, 1909)
• Microplana cephalofusca Sluys, Álvarez-Presas & Mateos, 2017
• Microplana ceylonica (von Graff, 1899)
• Microplana cherangani (de Beauchamp, 1936)
• Microplana cingulata Álvarez-Presas, Sluys & Mateos, 2017
• Microplana costaricensis (de Beauchamp, 1913)
• Microplana fuscomaculosa Sluys, Mateos & Álvarez-Presas, 2017
• Microplana gadesensis Vila-Farré, Mateos, Sluys & Romero, 2008
• Microplana giustii Minelli, 1976
• Microplana graffi (Geba, 1909)
• Microplana grazalemica Vila-Farré, Mateos, Sluys & Romero, 2008
• Microplana groga Jones, Webster, Littlewood & McDonald, 2008
• Microplana haitiensis Prudhoe, 1949
• Microplana harea Marcus, 1953
• Microplana henrici (Bendl, 1908)
• Microplana howesi (Scharff, 1900)
• Microplana humicola Vejdovsky, 1889
• Microplana hyalina Vila-Farré & Sluys, 2011
• Microplana indica (Chaurasia, 1985)
• Microplana kwiskea Jones, Webster, Littlewood & McDonald, 2008
• Microplana lutulenta Álvarez-Presas, Sluys & Mateos, 2017
• Microplana mediostriata (Geba, 1909)
• Microplana monacensis (Heinzel, 1929)
• Microplana montoyai (Fuhrmann, 1914)
• Microplana nana Mateos, Giribet & Carranza, 1998
• Microplana natalensis (Jameson, 1907)
• Microplana nervosa Sluys, Mateos & Álvarez-Presas, 2017
• Microplana neumanni (Mell, 1904)
• Microplana peneckei (Meixner, 1921)
• Microplana perereca Marcus & Du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1959
• Microplana plurioculata Sluys, Mateos & Álvarez-Presas, 2016
• Microplana polyopsis Sluys, Álvarez-Presas & Mateos, 2016
• Microplana purpurea (Bendl, 1908)
• Microplana robusta Vila-Farré & Sluys, 2011
• Microplana rufocephalata Hyman, 1954
• Microplana scharffi (Graff, 1896)
• Microplana sparsa Sluys, Mateos & Álvarez-Presas, 2017
• Microplana termitophaga Jones, Darlington & Newson, 1990
• Microplana terrestris (Müller, 1774)
• Microplana thwaitesii (Moseley, 1875)
• Microplana trifuscolineata (Kaburaki, 1920)
• Microplana tristriata (Geba, 1909)
• Microplana uniductus (de Beauchamp, 1930)
• Microplana unilineata (Frieb, 1923)
• Microplana viridis (Jameson, 1907)
• Microplana voeltzkowi (von Graff, 1899)
• Microplana yaravi du Bois-Reymond Marcus, 1957

Referencias