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Trophic Strategy ( anglais )

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Occurs in still waters of streams and swamps where it is usually seen near the surface or close to shore among aquatic vegetation. Young feed primarily on microcrustaceans (Ref. 2847). Primarily a surface feeder, feeding on a variety of terrestrial and aquatic insects, small fishes, crustaceans, and some plant material (Ref. 44894).
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Morphology ( anglais )

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Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 20 - 24; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 28 - 32
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Life Cycle ( anglais )

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Fertilized eggs are carried in the mouth of the female. Eggs hatch in 1-2 weeks. Larvae, with their enlarged yolk sac, are kept in or close to the mouth for another 4 or 5 weeks. Young fish commence feeding, primarily on microcrustaceans, at a size of 2-3 cm, well before the yolk sac is entirely resorbed. Become independent at a length of 3.5-4.0 cm.
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Biology ( anglais )

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Adults occur in still waters of streams and swamps where it is usually seen near the surface or close to shore among aquatic vegetation (Ref. 2847, 44894). Solitary, territorial and spawn prior to the wet season when surface water temperatures approach 30°C (Ref. 44894). Young feed primarily on microcrustaceans (Ref. 2847). Primarily a surface feeder, feeding on a variety of terrestrial and aquatic insects, small fishes, frogs, crustaceans, and some plant material (Ref. 44894). Mouthbrooders (Ref. 56180). Maximum weight reported in Ref. 5259 may be 12.27 kg (W. Lau, pers. Comm. 07/05). Important food fish (Ref. 58511) and a valuable aquarium fish (Ref. 83518).
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Importance ( anglais )

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fisheries: of no interest; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: commercial
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Comprehensive Description ( anglais )

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Scleropages jardini (Kent, 1892)

USNM 217046, Fly 75–4, 2: 257–405 mm.

USNM 217047, Fly 75–6, 1: 407 mm.

USNM 217048, Fly 75–16, 1: 110 mm.

USNM 217049, Fly 75–20, 1: 213 mm.

Lake (1971:17) recognizes two species of Scleropages in the Australian Region: S. leichardti Günther, 1864, confined to the Fitzroy River system in southern Queensland, and S. jardini in central-southern New Guinea and in some Australian rivers flowing into the Gulf of Carpentaria and the Timor Sea. According to Lake and Midgley (1970) S. leichardti are essentially insectivorous and “have straight backs and in this attitude their mouths are in a superior position” whereas jardini feed more on crustaceans and “have a bowed back…their mouth pointing more forward than upward”; they also state, but without providing data or further explanation, that there are differences in meristics and coloration. According to Lake (1971) S. leichardti tolerates colder temperatures than S. jardini, which he refers to as the “northern spotted barramundi.”

Scleropages jardini is the only fish species inhabiting fresh water in New Guinea that has been considered to be a primary division freshwater fish, all of the others clearly belonging to secondary or peripheral division freshwater groups. The geographical distribution of Scleropages, with two species in the Australian Region and a closely related third species in Thailand, Malaya, Sumatra, and Borneo, suggests a relatively late marine dispersal. I do not know of any published reports on salinity tolerance of Osteoglossidae. At my request Alfred D. Castro of Steinhart Aquarium in San Francisco tested a 400-mm adult specimen of the Southeast Asian Scleropages formosus (Müller and Schlegel, 1844) for salinity tolerance. From 21 June to 18 September 1977, salinity was gradually increased from 0 to 8 parts per thousand (salinity of undiluted sea water is usually 35–38 parts per thousand) without any apparent effect on the fish. On 22 September salinity was increased from 7 ppt to 8 ppt, and its coloration lightened dramatically but it continued feeding normally and no other effects were noted. From 25 September to 13 October, salinity was gradually increased to 14 ppt, at which point the fish stopped feeding. After one week at 14 ppt it still had not fed; from 13 October to 19 October, salinity was gradually lowered to 9 ppt, and on 23 October feeding resumed. From 23 October to 30 October, salinity was increased to 13.5 ppt, and feeding stopped again. From 30 October to 30 November the fish was kept at 9 ppt. From 30 November to 12 December salinity was increased to 18 ppt, at which point the fish lost equilibrium and turned belly-up. Salinity was rapidly reduced to 10 ppt and then 5 ppt, but the fish did not recover and died on 19 December 1977. These results indicate a greater salinity tolerance than might be expected for a primary freshwater fish, but it should be kept in mind that very little experimentation has been done on this topic.
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Roberts, Tyson R. 1978. "An ichthyological survey of the Fly River in Papua New Guinea with descriptions of new species." Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 1-72. https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810282.281

Australischer Knochenzüngler ( allemand )

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Der Australische Knochenzüngler (Scleropages jardinii), auch Australischer Gabelbart oder Australischer Arowana genannt, ist ein Süßwasserfisch aus der Familie der Knochenzüngler (Osteoglossidae). Er kommt im nördlichen Australien in Flüssen, die in den Golf von Carpentaria und in die Timorsee münden, und im zentralen südlichen Neuguinea nördlich des Verbreitungsgebietes von Leichhardts Knochenzüngler vor. Zusammen mit ihm wird Scleropages jardinii auch als Gepunkteter Barramundi bezeichnet, was zu Verwechslungen mit dem ebenfalls als Barramundi bezeichneten Riesenbarsch Lates calcarifer führen kann.

 src=
Scleropages jardinii im Sea World (Mořský Svět) in Prag

Merkmale

Scleropages jardinii kann einen Meter lang werden, bleibt für gewöhnlich aber bei einer Länge von knapp über einem halben Meter. Der schwerste dokumentierte Fisch wog 12,27 kg. Scleropages jardiniis Körper ist langgestreckt und seitlich stark abgeflacht. Er ist olivgrün und zeigt viel silbrigen Glanz. Auf den großen Schuppen finden sich halbmondförmige rostfarbene oder orangerote Flecken. Die Iris ist gelb oder rot. In der Seitenlinienreihe (SL) stehen 35 oder 36 Schuppen, in einer Linie senkrecht zur Längsachse 3 bis 3,5 Schuppen auf jeder Körperseite. Die Rückenflosse wird von 20 bis 24, die längere Afterflosse von 28 bis 32 Flossenstrahlen gestützt.

Lebensweise

Der Australische Knochenzüngler lebt im Stillwasser und in langsam fließenden Abschnitten von Flüssen und Sümpfen. Normalerweise hält er sich oberflächennah zwischen Wasserpflanzen und in das Wasser reichenden Ästen auf. Er ist territorial und gegenüber Artgenossen und anderen großen Fischen aggressiv. Scleropages jardinii ernährt sich von Insekten, kleineren Fischen (vor allem Australischer Süßwasserhering (Nematalosa erebi)), Fröschen, Krebsen und pflanzlichem Material. Er pflanzt sich zu Beginn der Regenzeit fort, wenn die Wassertemperaturen relativ hoch sind (30 °C). Die Fische sind Maulbrüter. Man nimmt an, dass sich beide Eltern an der Brutpflege beteiligen. Während der Brutphase nehmen die Fische keine Nahrung zu sich. Die Jungfische fressen vor allem kleine Krebstiere.

Nutzung

Die Aborigines fingen den Australischen Knochenzüngler mit einem speziellen dreizackigen Haken. Von normalen Angelhaken reißen sich die Fische meistens los und mit dem Netz sind sie wegen ihres reich strukturierten Lebensraums nicht zu fangen. Der Geschmack ihres Fleisches wird mit dem Geschmack von Lachsfleisch verglichen.

Literatur

  • Karl-Heinz Lüling: Die Knochenzüngler-Fische. Die neue Brehm-Bücherei, A. Ziemsen Verlag, Wittenberg, 1977

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Australischer Knochenzüngler: Brief Summary ( allemand )

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Der Australische Knochenzüngler (Scleropages jardinii), auch Australischer Gabelbart oder Australischer Arowana genannt, ist ein Süßwasserfisch aus der Familie der Knochenzüngler (Osteoglossidae). Er kommt im nördlichen Australien in Flüssen, die in den Golf von Carpentaria und in die Timorsee münden, und im zentralen südlichen Neuguinea nördlich des Verbreitungsgebietes von Leichhardts Knochenzüngler vor. Zusammen mit ihm wird Scleropages jardinii auch als Gepunkteter Barramundi bezeichnet, was zu Verwechslungen mit dem ebenfalls als Barramundi bezeichneten Riesenbarsch Lates calcarifer führen kann.

 src= Scleropages jardinii im Sea World (Mořský Svět) in Prag
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Scleropages jardinii ( anglais )

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Scleropages jardinii, the Gulf saratoga, Australian bonytongue , Pearl arowana or northern saratoga, is a freshwater bony fish native to Australia and New Guinea, one of two species of fishes sometimes known as Australian arowana, the other being Scleropages leichardti. It has numerous other common names, including northern saratoga, toga and barramundi (not to be confused with the barramundi perch, Lates calcarifer). It is a member of the subfamily Osteoglossinae, a (basal) teleost group. Its scientific name is sometimes spelled S. jardini.

Distribution

Scleropages jardinii is patchily distributed throughout most of the Gulf of Carpentaria drainage system, west to the Adelaide River in the Northern Territory, throughout northern Queensland and in central-southern New Guinea.[2] It inhabits still clear waters of pools and billabongs, and the slow-flowing sections of streams.[2]

It is not considered endangered or threatened by either the CITES conventions nor the IUCN Red List.

Description

This fish has a long, dark-colored body with seven rows of large scales, each with several reddish or pinkish spots arranged in a crescent shape around the trailing edge of the scale, giving it a pearly appearance. It has large, wing-like pectoral fins. Except for duller coloration and smaller scale size, it appears very similar to the Asian arowana, S. formosus. It grows to a length of about 90 cm (35 in). Its maximum weight is recorded as 17.2 kg (38 lb), but one report suggests it has been known to weigh as much as 27 kg (60 lb). The depth of the bodies of adults is approximately 25-28% of the Standard Length, making this a more robust fish than its Australian cousin S. leichardti.

Like other arowanas, it is a mouthbrooder, but unlike the Asian arowana, reports suggest the female rather than the male broods the young in her mouth.

Due to their resemblance to the Asian arowanas they are sometimes sold in the name of golden arowana in some of the Asian countries, like India. However, they can be easily distinguished from the Asian arowanas by identifying their red spotted fins & 7-8 rows of scales on their body.

Diet

Gulf saratoga are opportunistic carnivores, feeding on aquatic and terrestrial insects, small fishes and crustaceans.[2]

See also

References

  1. ^ Ebner, B.; Hammer, M. (2019). "Scleropages jardinii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T122899850A123382026. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T122899850A123382026.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c Martin F. Gomon (2011) Northern Saratoga, Scleropages jardinii. Fishes of Australia. Retrieved 29 August 2014.

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Scleropages jardinii: Brief Summary ( anglais )

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Scleropages jardinii, the Gulf saratoga, Australian bonytongue , Pearl arowana or northern saratoga, is a freshwater bony fish native to Australia and New Guinea, one of two species of fishes sometimes known as Australian arowana, the other being Scleropages leichardti. It has numerous other common names, including northern saratoga, toga and barramundi (not to be confused with the barramundi perch, Lates calcarifer). It is a member of the subfamily Osteoglossinae, a (basal) teleost group. Its scientific name is sometimes spelled S. jardini.

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Scleropages jardinii ( basque )

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Scleropages jardinii Scleropages generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Osteoglossidae familian sailkatzen da.

Banaketa

Erreferentziak

  1. Froese, Rainer & Pauly, Daniel ed. (2006), Scleropages jardinii FishBase webgunean. 2006ko apirilaren bertsioa.

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Scleropages jardinii: Brief Summary ( basque )

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Scleropages jardinii Scleropages generoko animalia da. Arrainen barruko Osteoglossidae familian sailkatzen da.

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Scleropages jardinii

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Scleropages jardinii (en anglais Gulf saratoga) est une espèce de poissons appartenant à la famille des Osteoglossidae.

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Spécimen de l'Aquarium de Prague

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Scleropages jardinii ( néerlandais ; flamand )

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Vissen

Scleropages jardinii is een straalvinnige vissensoort uit de familie van beentongvissen (Osteoglossidae).[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1892 door Saville-Kent.

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In Prague sea aquarium
Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. (en) Scleropages jardinii. FishBase. Ed. Ranier Froese and Daniel Pauly. 10 2011 version. N.p.: FishBase, 2011.
Geplaatst op:
28-10-2011
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Scleropages jardinii ( polonais )

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Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Scleropages jardiniigatunek ryby kostnojęzykokształtnej z rodziny kostnojęzykowych (Osteoglossidae).

Występowanie

Północna Australia oraz południowa i środkowa Nowa Gwinea.

Żyje w ubogich w tlen wodach płynących i stojących, zazwyczaj w płytkich i zarośniętych. Ryba terytorialna, żyje samotnie.

Cechy morfologiczne

Dorasta do 100 cm długości, maksymalna odnotowana masa ciała wynosiła 12,27 kg. W płetwie grzbietowej 20–24 promienie, w płetwie odbytowej 28–32 promienie.

Odżywianie

Młode osobniki żywią się głównie zooplanktonem. Dorosłe zjadają ślimaki, owady, niewielkie ryby, żaby, skorupiaki oraz pokarm roślinny.

Rozród

Dojrzałość płciową osiąga w wieku 4–5 lat przy długości ok. 45 cm. Trze się od IX do XI przed porą deszczową, gdy temperatura wody dochodzi do 30 °C.

Ikrą i wylęgiem opiekuje się samica. Wylęg następuje po 1–2 tygodniach od złożenia. Samica trzyma wylęg w pysku lub w pobliżu niego przez 4–5 tygodni. Młode osobniki zaczynają odżywiać się samodzielnie przy długości 2–3 cm, po wchłonięciu pęcherzyka żółtkowego, samodzielne życie rozpoczynają przy długości 3,5–4 cm.

Znaczenie

Hodowana w akwariach.

Przypisy

  1. Scleropages jardinii, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).

Bibliografia

  • Scleropages jardinii. (ang.) w: Froese, R. & D. Pauly. FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. www.fishbase.org [dostęp 4 maja 2010]
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Scleropages jardinii: Brief Summary ( polonais )

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Scleropages jardinii – gatunek ryby kostnojęzykokształtnej z rodziny kostnojęzykowych (Osteoglossidae).

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Cá rồng trân châu ( vietnamien )

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Cá rồng trân châu (danh pháp hai phần: Scleropages jardinii), tên khác gồm Cá trân châu long, kim long Úc, châu long Úc rằn là một loài cá nước ngọt thuộc họ Cá rồng. Loài này có nguồn gốc Australia và New Guinea, một trong hai loài cá đôi khi được gọi là cá rồng Úc, loài còn lại là saratoga (S. leichardti).. Nó có rất nhiều tên gọi thông thường khác, bao gồm bao gồm saratoga phươngb bắc, bonytongue Úc, Toga và cá chẽm (không nên nhầm lẫn với cá chẽm thông thưởng, Lates calcarifer). Nó là một thành viên của phân họ Osteoglossinae, một nhóm teleost (cơ bản)

S. jardinii được tìm thấy trong nước chuyển động nhanh và vẫn còn ở miền Bắc Australia và New Guinea. Nó không được coi là có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng hoặc bị đe dọa bởi một trong hai Công ước CITES ước cũng không phải sách đỏ IUCN.

Mô tả

 src=
Subadult gulf saratoga at New York Aquarium

Cá này có thân dài, màu tối với bảy hàng vảy, đều có một vài đốm đỏ hoặc hồng nhạt sắp xếp theo một hình dạng trăng lưỡi liềm xung quanh các mép sau của vảy. Nó phát triển đến chiều dài khoảng 90 cm (35 inch). Trọng lượng tối đa của nó được ghi nhận là 17,2 kg (£ 38), nhưng một báo cáo cho thấy nó đã được biết đến cân nặng 27 kg (£ 59).

Xem thêm

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ Savage, A. & Causado, J. (2008). Scleropages jardinii. 2008 Sách đỏ IUCN. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế 2008. Truy cập ngày 2 tháng 1 năm 2009.

Tham khảo

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Cá rồng trân châu: Brief Summary ( vietnamien )

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Cá rồng trân châu (danh pháp hai phần: Scleropages jardinii), tên khác gồm Cá trân châu long, kim long Úc, châu long Úc rằn là một loài cá nước ngọt thuộc họ Cá rồng. Loài này có nguồn gốc Australia và New Guinea, một trong hai loài cá đôi khi được gọi là cá rồng Úc, loài còn lại là saratoga (S. leichardti).. Nó có rất nhiều tên gọi thông thường khác, bao gồm bao gồm saratoga phươngb bắc, bonytongue Úc, Toga và cá chẽm (không nên nhầm lẫn với cá chẽm thông thưởng, Lates calcarifer). Nó là một thành viên của phân họ Osteoglossinae, một nhóm teleost (cơ bản)

S. jardinii được tìm thấy trong nước chuyển động nhanh và vẫn còn ở miền Bắc Australia và New Guinea. Nó không được coi là có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng hoặc bị đe dọa bởi một trong hai Công ước CITES ước cũng không phải sách đỏ IUCN.

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珍珠龙鱼 ( chinois )

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珍珠龙鱼學名Scleropages jardinii),又名喬氏硬骨舌魚,為輻鰭魚綱骨舌魚目骨舌魚科的其中一個,分佈於澳大利亞北部和新幾內亞,喜食魚蝦及昆蟲,最大體長可達100公分[1]

分布

本魚分布於澳洲北部及新幾內亞南部的河流[1]

 src=
纽约水族馆里的亚成体

特徵

本魚體強健,暗灰色的體色因魚鱗後緣的金黃色而顯得光亮。在頭部和鰓蓋後也出現金黃色的斑紋。口上位,嘴上生有骨狀的舌頭 粉紅色 像一粒暗瘡,可以看見觸鬚。背鰭軟條20至24枚;臀鰭軟條28至32枚。體長可達100公分[1]

生態

本魚成魚棲息於溪流與沼澤等靜止的水域,好躍,屬獨居性, 領域性強,肉食性,主要以昆蟲、小魚、青蛙甲殼類為食[1]

經濟利用

為高價值觀賞魚,一般幼魚價錢為200-400元港幣,是龍魚中較便宜的品種,無食用價值。

参考文献

  1. ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Militante, C. S. (2010, October 6).Scleropages jardinii. Provided in October 19, 2011, from database FishBase.


小作品圖示这是一篇關於魚類小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。
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珍珠龙鱼: Brief Summary ( chinois )

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珍珠龙鱼(學名:Scleropages jardinii),又名喬氏硬骨舌魚,為輻鰭魚綱骨舌魚目骨舌魚科的其中一個,分佈於澳大利亞北部和新幾內亞,喜食魚蝦及昆蟲,最大體長可達100公分。

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ノーザンバラムンディ ( japonais )

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ノーザンバラムンディ Scleropages jardinii 043.JPG 保全状況評価[1] LEAST CONCERN
(IUCN Red List Ver.3.1 (2001))
Status iucn3.1 LC.svg 分類 : 動物界 Animalia : 脊索動物門 Chordata 亜門 : 脊椎動物亜門 Vertebrata : 条鰭綱 Actinopterygii : アロワナ目 Osteoglossiformes 亜目 : アロワナ亜目 Osteoglossoidei : アロワナ科 Osteoglossidae 亜科 : アロワナ亜科 Osteoglossinae : Scleropages : ノーザンバラムンディ S. jardinii 学名 Scleropages jardinii
Saville-Kent, 1892 英名 Gulf saratoga

ノーザンバラムンディ Scleropages jardinii (英名:Gulf saratogaガルフ・サラトガ)は、アロワナ目アロワナ科に属する。体長60 cm。

特徴[編集]

アジアアロワナに似ており、体表は大きな鱗で覆われている。体色は個体により赤っぽい褐色か黒っぽい褐色に分かれ、金属的な光沢を帯びる。鱗には三日月型をしたピンク色の斑点が入る。アジアアロワナに比べるとやや体高が高く、ずんぐりした体型をしている。鱗1枚1枚が頑丈のため、他のアロワナ系統に比べるとひときわ柔軟性に欠ける。

分布[編集]

パプア・ニューギニアおよびオーストラリア北部の河川。 なお、バラムンディはオーストラリアに生息するスズキの仲間であるLates calcariferを指す通称名でもある。

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In Prague sea aquarium

飼育方法[編集]

CITESに登録され保護を受けているアジアアロワナと違い、野生では豊富に生息している。そのため取引は制限されておらず、安価な価格で幼魚が販売されている。体の柔軟さに欠け、水槽内での旋回運動が苦手なため、飼育には最低でも幅120cm程度の大型の水槽が必要であると多くの場で言われているが、この種に於いては奥行きが重要であり、幅は120でなくとも90あれば事足りるため、90×60水槽といった奥行きが60cm以上の水槽での飼育が推奨されている。大きい方が良いのは言うまでもない。無論、魚類は飼育環境の広さにより伸びの限界が調節されるため、奥行き45でも飼育できないことは無い。その場合、大きさはもちろんの事多少の身体疾患は覚悟した方が良いだろう。また、他のアロワナに比べて排他的な性格で、同種や他の魚への攻撃性が強いため、混泳は難しい。ポルカドット・スティングレイやモトロを始めとした淡水エイや、セイルフィンプレコ(セルフィンプレコ)といった大型低棲魚であれば成功することも少なくないが、自己責任で行うのが鉄則である。餌はメダカ金魚昆虫と言った生き餌、人工飼料などを食べる。ある程度育った個体であれば、数日~1週間程度の絶食期間を与えれば比較的容易に人工飼料に餌付く。

関連項目[編集]

出典[編集]

  1. ^ Savage, A. & Causado, J. (Scleropages jardinii. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2008. 2009年1月2日閲覧。


執筆の途中です この項目は、魚類に関連した書きかけの項目です。この項目を加筆・訂正などしてくださる協力者を求めていますPortal:生き物と自然/プロジェクト:生物)。
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ノーザンバラムンディ: Brief Summary ( japonais )

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ノーザンバラムンディ Scleropages jardinii (英名:Gulf saratoga、ガルフ・サラトガ)は、アロワナ目アロワナ科に属する。体長60 cm。

licence
cc-by-sa-3.0
droit d’auteur
ウィキペディアの著者と編集者
original
visiter la source
site partenaire
wikipedia 日本語