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Associations ( anglais )

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Lesser dog-like bats are preyed on by owls and big-eared woolly bats (Chrotopterus auritus), which are common predators on smaller bats. Lesser dog-like bats are vigilant and readily abandon roosts when threatened.

Known Predators:

  • big-eared woolly bats (Chrotopterus auritus)
  • owls (Strigiformes)

Anti-predator Adaptations: cryptic

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Ponte, S. 2009. "Peropteryx macrotis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Peropteryx_macrotis.html
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Morphology ( anglais )

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Fur color in lesser dog-like bats varies geographically and ranges from brown to gray to reddish on the dorsal section and lighter on the ventral side. They can be distinguished from similar species by a wing sac on the antebrachial membrane. The appearance of their faces are somewhat dog-like and their ears are long. Their ears are separate at the base, not connected by a membrane as is the case for related species. Their fur is roughly 6 to 9 mm in length. The tail is about one-third the length of the body. The dental formula is 1/3, 1/1, 2/2, 3/3, with 32 teeth total. Wings attach at the ankle. Lesser dog-like bats are the smallest members of the genus Peropteryx.

Range mass: 3 to 9 g.

Range length: 62 (high) mm.

Other Physical Features: endothermic ; homoiothermic; bilateral symmetry

Sexual Dimorphism: female larger

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Life Expectancy ( anglais )

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Information about the lifespan of Peropteryx macrotis is unavailable.

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Habitat ( anglais )

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Peropteryx macrotis is generally found in tropical deciduous forest, below 1000 meters. Individuals have been found above 1,000 meters in elevation but only in very small numbers and it is likely that these were incidental occurrences. Individuals are occasionally collected in semi-arid thorn scrub and evergreen forests but this too is likely incidental. They have been recorded in grasslands and urban and agricultural areas in Mexico.

Range elevation: 1,000 (high) m.

Habitat Regions: tropical ; terrestrial

Terrestrial Biomes: savanna or grassland ; forest ; scrub forest

Other Habitat Features: urban ; agricultural

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Distribution ( anglais )

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Lesser dog-like bats are found from southern Mexico to Central and South America. They can be found in Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Panama, Columbia, Venezuela, Brazil, and the northern parts of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. They are not known to live south of northern Paraguay. There are three named subspecies: Peropteryx macrotis macrotis, Peropteryx macrotis phaea, and Peropteryx macrotis trinitatus.

Biogeographic Regions: neotropical (Native )

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Trophic Strategy ( anglais )

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Lesser dog-like bats are insectivorous. Their diet consists mainly of small beetles and flies. In human-occupied areas insects are often hunted near street lights.

Animal Foods: insects

Primary Diet: carnivore (Insectivore )

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Associations ( anglais )

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Lesser dog-like bats help to control insect pests and vectors of disease through their insectivory. They act as prey for owls and larger bats. Lesser dog-like bats are also host to both internal and external parasites, including nematodes and bed bugs (Cimex).

Commensal/Parasitic Species:

  • bedbugs (Cimex)
  • nematodes (Nematoda)
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Benefits ( anglais )

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Humans benefit from lesser dog-like bats because they eat large quantities of insects, including agricultural pests and vectors of disease.

Positive Impacts: controls pest population

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Benefits ( anglais )

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Lesser dog-like bats do not directly negatively impact humans. However, populations of lesser dog-like bats host bed bugs (Cimex) which can also infest human habitations that are nearby.

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Conservation Status ( anglais )

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Lesser dog-like bats are not considered endangered as a species. Populations are large, wide-spread, and stable. No known threats are listed, but deforestation does impact populations negatively.

US Federal List: no special status

CITES: no special status

IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern

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Behavior ( anglais )

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Information on the specifics of communication and perception of Peropteryx macrotis is unavailable. They hear and see well and use echolocation to navigate and find food. Males have wing glands and the scents secreted by these glands may be important in harem formation and defense and mating success.

Communication Channels: visual ; acoustic ; chemical

Perception Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical

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Sans titre ( anglais )

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The species name "macrotis" is Latin and means "long ears". In Spanish, the common name of this bat is "murcielago orejudo de sacos alares", translated as long-eared sac-winged bats.

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Reproduction ( anglais )

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Lesser dog-like bats live in groups of less than 15 individuals. In groups of less than 10 individuals, only one male is present. This suggests a harem mating system. It is speculated that a gland in the male wing is used as a scent display during mating.

Mating System: polygynous

Lesser dog-like bats exhibit seasonal polyestry, with the timing varying geographically. In Central and South America, they mate during both dry and wet seasons. The timing of breeding varies regionally, but occurs for several months of each year in any given area. Females gestate their young for 4 to 4.5 months. Single births are the most common.

Breeding interval: According to the current known samples of pregnant females taken, it appears that the Lesser Dog-like bat breeds once yearly.

Breeding season: Seasonal polyestry, varies according to location.

Range number of offspring: 1 (low) .

Average number of offspring: 1.

Range gestation period: 4 to 4.5 months.

Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; viviparous

Information about the parental investment of Peropteryx macrotis is unavailable. However, like other mammals, females invest heavily in young through gestation and lactation.

Parental Investment: altricial ; pre-fertilization (Provisioning, Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female)

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Ponte, S. 2009. "Peropteryx macrotis" (On-line), Animal Diversity Web. Accessed April 27, 2013 at http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Peropteryx_macrotis.html
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Behavior ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Poseen hábitos noctunos.

Se refugian en troncos huecos.

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Habitat ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Habitan en bosques húmedos y secos.

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Distribution ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Distribucion en Costa Rica: Elevaciones bajas y medias de las vertientes caribe y pacífica, desde el nivel del mar hasta los 670 m.


Distribucion General: Desde México hasta Perú, Paraguay, sur y este de Brasil, Trinidad y Tobago, Isla Margarita (Venezuela), Aruba (Antillas Holandesas), Grenada (Antillas Menores). Se encuentran en las tierras bajas hasta los 700 m.s.n.m..

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Trophic Strategy ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Individuos forrajean a lo largo de árboles alineados.

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Diagnostic Description ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Longitud de la cabeza y cuerpo 42-53 mm, longitud de la cola 11-15 mm, longitud del pie 8-10 mm, longitud de la oreja 14-16 mm, longitud del antebrazo 43-45 mm, peso 45-48 g.

Parte dorsal usualmente café-rojizo, en ocasiones café oscuro; la parte ventral es de color café-parduzco. El pelaje es sombreado, blando y moderadamente largo (6 mm. sobre el cuello, 8-9 mm. sobre la espalda). Orejas de color café-parduzco; trago redondo en el extremo. Cara desnuda con una larga franja de pelo saliendo en forma abrupta de la frente. Membranas de las alas son negruzcas; alas unidas a los tobillos; uropatagio es de color café y transparente. Sacos aéreos se extienden desde el borde de las alas, en forma paralela al cuerpo.

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Diagnostic Description ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Localidad del tipo: Brasil, Mato Grosso
Depositario del tipo:
Recolector del tipo:
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Ratpenat de sacs alars petit ( catalan ; valencien )

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El ratpenat de sacs alars petit (Peropteryx macrotis) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels embal·lonúrids. Viu a Sud-amèrica i Centreamèrica.

Referències

En altres projectes de Wikimedia:
Commons
Commons Modifica l'enllaç a Wikidata
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Viquiespècies
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Ratpenat de sacs alars petit: Brief Summary ( catalan ; valencien )

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El ratpenat de sacs alars petit (Peropteryx macrotis) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels embal·lonúrids. Viu a Sud-amèrica i Centreamèrica.

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Kleine Hundskopffledermaus ( allemand )

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Die Kleine Hundskopffledermaus (Peropteryx macrotis) ist eine Fledermausart aus der Familie der Glattnasen-Freischwänze (Emballonuridae), welche in Zentral- und Südamerika beheimatet ist.

Beschreibung

Die Kleine Hundskopffledermaus ist mit einer Gesamtlänge von unter 62 mm, einer Unterarmlänge von 38,3–48,2 mm und einem Gewicht von 3–9 g die kleinste Vertreterin der Hundskopffledermäuse. Im Gegensatz zu P. leucoptera besitzt Peropteryx macrotis keine weißen Flügel, und die Ohren sind auf dem Kopf nicht durch eine Membran miteinander verbunden. Die Fellfarbe variiert geographisch von grau über braun zu rötlich, wobei der Bauch heller erscheinen kann. Gesicht und Schnauze sind braun und frei von Haaren. Der Schwanz ist gut ein Drittel so lang wie der Körper und ragt am Ende etwas aus der Schwanzflughaut heraus. Die Flughaut selbst ist schwarz und endet an den Knöcheln. Wie bei den anderen Vertretern dieser Gattung befinden sich die Flügeltaschen von Peropteryx macrotis am Rand der Flughaut und öffnen sich nach vorne.

 src=
Verbreitungsgebiet der Kleinen Hundskopffledermaus

Lebensweise

Die Kleine Hundskopffledermaus ist wie die meisten Fledermäuse nachtaktiv und ernährt sich von Insekten, wobei kleine Käfer und Fliegen zur bevorzugten Beute gehören. Die Echoortungsrufe sind kurz (5–9 ms) und von konstanter Frequenz im Bereich um 40 kHz.[1] Die Rufe sind somit für das menschliche Ohr nicht hörbar.

Die Art kommt typischerweise in feuchten Wäldern vor, wurde jedoch auch schon in trockenen Regionen mit Buschland gefangen. Den Tag verbringen die Tiere in Höhlen, Dolen, Ruinen, und hohlen Bäumen, sowie an Brücken, Gebäuden und Brettwurzeln. Dabei hängt die Art meistens nicht von horizontalen, sondern vertikalen Flächen und die Tiere halten einen gewissen Abstand zueinander. Die Kolonien bestehen meist aus weniger als 15 Individuen, wobei jeweils nur ein einziges Männchen und einige Weibchen anwesend sind, was der sozialen Organisation einer Haremsstruktur entsprechen könnte. Die Hangplätze teilt sich die Kleine Hundskopffledermaus gelegentlich mit anderen Fledermausarten wie P. kappleri, der Großen Sackflügelfledermaus (Saccopteryx bilineata), Glossophaga soricina, G. longirostris, der Brillenblattnase (Carollia perspiciallata), Diphylla eucaudata, dem Schwarzen Mausohr (Myotis nigricans), M. keaysi und dem Gemeinen Vampir (Desmodus rotundus). Peropteryx macrotis kann sich das ganze Jahr hindurch sowohl in der Trockenzeit (Januar–Juli) als auch in der Regenzeit (Juli–Dezember) fortpflanzen. Die Art ist somit wahrscheinlich saisonal polyöstrisch. Die Tragezeit dauert 4–4,5 Monate. Männchen verwenden während der Balz wahrscheinlich einen Duft, den sie in ihren Flughauttaschen anmischen, ähnlich wie bei anderen Glattnasen-Freischwänzen wie der Großen Sackflügelfledermaus. Bei Weibchen ist die Flughauttasche nur rudimentär vorhanden. Bekannte Fressfeinde von Peropteryx macrotis sind unter anderem Eulen und die teilweise fleischfressende Fledermausart Chrotopterus auritus.

Verbreitung und Lebensraum

Die Kleine Hundskopffledermaus kommt vom Süden Mexikos bis Paraguay vor. Die Art wird von der IUCN als ungefährdet eingestuft.[2]

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

  1. Rydell, J., Arita, H. T., Santos, M., & Granados, J. (2002). Acoustic identification of insectivorous bats (order Chiroptera) of Yucatan, Mexico. Journal of Zoology, 257(1), 27–36.
  2. Peropteryx macrotis in der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN.
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Kleine Hundskopffledermaus: Brief Summary ( allemand )

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Die Kleine Hundskopffledermaus (Peropteryx macrotis) ist eine Fledermausart aus der Familie der Glattnasen-Freischwänze (Emballonuridae), welche in Zentral- und Südamerika beheimatet ist.

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Lesser dog-like bat ( anglais )

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The lesser dog-like bat (Peropteryx macrotis), also known as Peters' sac-winged bat, is a species of bat from South and Central America. First described in 1826, it was renamed in 1843 because the original scientific name was already in use for another species.[2]

Description

The lesser dog-like bat is a small bat, measuring about 6 cm (2.4 in) in head-body length, with a tail about 1.4 cm (0.55 in) long. Adults weigh only about 4 g (0.14 oz), although females are larger than males. They have moderately long fur, which can vary from brown to grey, or even reddish. While it is the smallest of the dog-like bats, it shares with them the long, hairless, snout that is the source of their common name. Apart from the smaller size, it can also be distinguished from its close relatives by possessing an outward-opening glandular sac on the part of the wing membrane forward of the arms.[2]

Distribution and habitat

Lesser dog-like bats are found in the south from eastern Veracruz and Oaxaca in Mexico, throughout Central America. In South America, they are found throughout Colombia, but otherwise only east of the Andes, reaching eastern Bolivia, northern Paraguay, and Santa Catarina in Brazil at their southernmost extent. Within this region they are most commonly found in tropical deciduous forest below 1,000 m (3,300 ft), although they are sometimes found in evergreen forest or semi-arid scrubland.[1]

There are no recognised subspecies, although the Trinidad dog-like bat was formerly considered a subspecies of P. macrotis.[2]

Biology and behaviour

Lesser dog-like bats feed primarily on small beetles and flies. During the day, they primarily roost in caves[3] although they may also use artificial structures such as culverts, ruins, and church roofs. Colonies are typically small, with less than 15 individuals, although the bats may share their roosts with various other species. Such colonies often contain only a single male, who may use scent secreted from his wing-sacs to attract females. Known predators include owls and big-eared woolly bats.[2]

The bats breed throughout the year, and have a gestation period of between four and four-and-a-half months.[2] Mothers typically give birth to a single young at a time, which gestates in the left horn of their bicornuate uterus.[4]

References

  1. ^ a b Barquez, R.; Lim, B.; Rodriguez, B.; Miller, B.; Diaz, M. (2015). "Peropteryx macrotis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T16709A22101100. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T16709A22101100.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e Yee, D.A. (2000). "Peropteryx macrotis" (PDF). Mammalian Species. 643: 1–4. doi:10.1644/1545-1410(2000)643<0001:pm>2.0.co;2. S2CID 198968784. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-07-18.
  3. ^ Arita, H.T. (1996). "The conservation of cave-roosting bats in Yucatan, Mexico". Biological Conservation. 76 (2): 177–185. doi:10.1016/0006-3207(95)00105-0.
  4. ^ Wimsatt, W.A. (1979). "Reproductive asymmetry and unilateral pregnancy in Chiroptera". Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 56 (1): 345–357. doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0560345. PMID 381652.
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Lesser dog-like bat: Brief Summary ( anglais )

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The lesser dog-like bat (Peropteryx macrotis), also known as Peters' sac-winged bat, is a species of bat from South and Central America. First described in 1826, it was renamed in 1843 because the original scientific name was already in use for another species.

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Peropteryx macrotis ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Peropteryx macrotis es una especie de murciélago. Se encuentra en América del Sur y América Central en Brasil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Guayana Francesa, Perú, Paraguay, Surinam y Venezuela.

Referencias

  1. Barquez, R., Lim, B., Rodríguez, B., Miller, B. y Díaz, M. (2008). «Peropteryx macrotis». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2011.2 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 15 de marzo de 2012.

2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Downloaded on 26 October 2008.

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Peropteryx macrotis: Brief Summary ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Peropteryx macrotis es una especie de murciélago. Se encuentra en América del Sur y América Central en Brasil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Guayana Francesa, Perú, Paraguay, Surinam y Venezuela.

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Peropteryx macrotis ( basque )

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Peropteryx macrotis Peropteryx generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Emballonurinae azpifamilia eta Emballonuridae familian sailkatuta dago

Erreferentziak

  1. (Ingelesez)Mammals - full taxonomy and Red List status Ugaztun guztien egoera 2008an
  2. Wagner (1843) 1 Arch. Naturgesch. 367. or..

Kanpo estekak

Ikus, gainera

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Peropteryx macrotis: Brief Summary ( basque )

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Peropteryx macrotis Peropteryx generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Emballonurinae azpifamilia eta Emballonuridae familian sailkatuta dago

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Peropteryx macrotis ( italien )

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Peropteryx macrotis (Wagner, 1843) è un pipistrello della famiglia degli Emballonuridi diffusa nell'America centrale e meridionale.[1][2]

Descrizione

Dimensioni

Pipistrello di piccole dimensioni, con la lunghezza della testa e del corpo tra 42 e 53 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 43 e 48 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 11 e 15 mm, la lunghezza del piede tra 8 e 10 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 14 e 16 mm e un peso fino a 7 g.[3]

Aspetto

La pelliccia è moderatamente lunga, soffice ed opaca. Le parti dorsali sono bruno-rossastre, occasionalmente marroni scure, mentre le parti ventrali sono bruno-grigiastre. Il muso è appuntito e privo di peli, la fronte è alta e con una frangia di lunghi peli. Le orecchie sono triangolari, con l'estremità arrotondata, bruno-grigiastre, ricoperte di pliche cutanee nella superficie interna del padiglione auricolare e ben separate tra loro. Il trago è corto e con l'estremità arrotondata, mentre l'antitrago è semi-circolare, lungo e si estende in avanti quasi fino all'angolo posteriore della bocca. Le membrane alari sono nerastre e attaccate posteriormente sulle caviglie, una sacca ghiandolare è presente tra l'avambraccio e il primo metacarpo è disposta parallelamente al corpo, si estende fino al bordo d'entrata alare e si apre in avanti e si apre in avanti. La coda è relativamente lunga e fuoriesce dall'uropatagio a circa metà della sua lunghezza. Il calcar è lungo.

Biologia

Comportamento

Si rifugia in gruppi di 10-20 individui, eccezionalmente fino a 80, in piccole grotte, fessure superficiali, templi Maya e chiese spesso in prossimità di fonti d'acqua. Ogni esemplare rimane sospeso singolarmente sulle pareti verticali vicino alle entrate. L'attività predatoria inizia al tramonto o subito dopo.

Alimentazione

Si nutre di insetti.

Distribuzione e habitat

Questa specie è diffusa dagli stati messicani di Guerrero e della Penisola dello Yucatán attraverso il Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Honduras, Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, Guyana francese, Ecuador, Brasile, Perù fino alla Bolivia.

Vive nelle zone aride stagionalmente con presenza di grotte calcaree fino a 700 metri di altitudine.

Stato di conservazione

La IUCN Red List, considerato il vasto areale e la popolazione presumibilmente numerosa, classifica P.macrotis come specie a rischio minimo (LC).[1]

Note

  1. ^ a b c (EN) Barquez, R., Lim, B., Rodriguez, B., Miller, B. & Diaz, M. 2008, Peropteryx macrotis, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.
  2. ^ (EN) D.E. Wilson e D.M. Reeder, Peropteryx macrotis, in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3ª ed., Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
  3. ^ Reid, 2009.

Bibliografia

  • Alfred L. Gardner, Mammals of South America, Volume 1: Marsupials, Xenarthrans, Shrews, and Bats, University Of Chicago Press, 2008. ISBN 9780226282404
  • Fiona A. Reid, A field guide to the Mammals of Central America and Southeast Mexico, Oxford University Press, 2009. ISBN 9780195343236

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Peropteryx macrotis: Brief Summary ( italien )

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Peropteryx macrotis (Wagner, 1843) è un pipistrello della famiglia degli Emballonuridi diffusa nell'America centrale e meridionale.

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Peropteryx macrotis ( néerlandais ; flamand )

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Peropteryx macrotis is een zoogdier uit de familie van de schedestaartvleermuizen (Emballonuridae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd door Wagner in 1843.

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Geplaatst op:
09-08-2012
Dit artikel is een beginnetje over biologie. U wordt uitgenodigd om op bewerken te klikken om uw kennis aan dit artikel toe te voegen. Beginnetje
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Peropteryx macrotis ( portugais )

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Peropteryx macrotis é uma espécie de morcego da família Emballonuridae. Pode ser encontrada na América Central e na metade norte da América do Sul.

Descrição

É um morcego pequeno, medindo cerca de 6 cm (2,4 in) de comprimento da cabeça e corpo, com uma cauda de cerca de 1,4 cm (0,55 in) de comprimento. Os adultos pesam apenas cerca de 4 g (0,14 oz), embora as fêmeas sejam maiores que os machos. Possuem pêlo moderadamente longo, que pode variar do marrom ao cinza, ou mesmo avermelhado. Embora seja o menor morcego do gênero Peropteryx, compartilha com os demais o focinho longo e sem pêlos. Além do tamanho menor, também pode ser diferenciado das espécies semelhantes por possuir um saco glandular que se abre para fora na parte da membrana da asa à frente dos braços.[1]

Distribuição e habitat

São encontrados no sul do leste de Veracruz e Oaxaca, estados do México, e em toda a América Central. Na América do Sul, são encontrados em toda a Colômbia, mas fora isso apenas a leste dos Andes, alcançando o leste da Bolívia, o norte do Paraguai e Santa Catarina, estado do Brasil. Nessa região, são mais comumente encontrados na floresta tropical decidual abaixo de 1 000 m (3 300 pé), embora às vezes sejam encontrados em florestas perenes ou matagais semi-áridos.[2]

Não há subespécies reconhecidas, embora o Peropteryx trinitatis tenha sido anteriormente considerado uma subespécie de P. macrotis.[1]

Biologia e comportamento

Alimentam-se principalmente de pequenos besouros e moscas. Durante o dia, se empoleiram principalmente em cavernas, embora também possam usar estruturas artificiais, como bueiros, ruínas e telhados de igrejas.[3] As colônias são tipicamente pequenas, com menos de 15 indivíduos, embora os morcegos possam compartilhar seus ninhos com várias outras espécies. Essas colônias geralmente contêm apenas um único macho, que pode usar o perfume secretado de suas alas para atrair as fêmeas. Predadores conhecidos incluem a coruja e o morcego-orelhudo.[1]

Os morcegos se reproduzem ao longo do ano e têm um período de gestação entre quatro e quatro meses e meio.[1] As mães geralmente dão à luz um único filhote de cada vez, que é gestado no corno esquerdo do útero bicorno.[4]

Referências

  1. a b c d Yee, D.A. (2000). «Peropteryx macrotis» (PDF). Mammalian Species. 643: 1–4. doi:10.1644/1545-1410(2000)6432.0.co;2. Consultado em 18 de julho de 2015. Cópia arquivada (PDF) em 4 de março de 2016
  2. Barquez, R.; Lim, B.; Rodriguez, B.; Miller, B.; Diaz, M. (2008). «Peropteryx macrotis». Lista Vermelha de Espécies Ameaçadas. 2008. Consultado em 18 de julho de 2015old-form url
  3. Arita, H.T. (1996). «The conservation of cave-roosting bats in Yucatan, Mexico». Biological Conservation. 76 (2): 177–185. doi:10.1016/0006-3207(95)00105-0
  4. Wimsatt, W.A. (1979). «Reproductive asymmetry and unilateral pregnancy in Chiroptera». Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. 56 (1): 345–357. PMID 381652. doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0560345

Bibliografia

  • SIMMONS, N. B. Order Chiroptera. In: WILSON, D. E.; REEDER, D. M. (Eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3. ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. v. 1, p. 312-529.
  • BARQUEZ, R.; LIM, B.; RODRIGUEZ, B.; MILLER, B.; DIAZ, M. 2008. Peropteryx macrotis. In: IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. . Acessado em 16 de dezembro de 2008.
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Peropteryx macrotis: Brief Summary ( portugais )

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Peropteryx macrotis é uma espécie de morcego da família Emballonuridae. Pode ser encontrada na América Central e na metade norte da América do Sul.

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Peropteryx macrotis ( suédois )

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Peropteryx macrotis[2][3] är en däggdjursart som först beskrevs av Wagner 1843. Peropteryx macrotis ingår i släktet Peropteryx och familjen frisvansade fladdermöss.[4][5] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[4]

Artepitet macrotis i det vetenskapliga namnet är latin och betyder "långa öron".[6]

Honor blir med en kroppslängd (huvud och bål) av cirka 50 mm lite större än hanar som blir cirka 47 mm långa. Därtill kommer en cirka 10mm lång svans. Pälsen har på ovansidan en ljusbrun, rödbrun eller mörkbrun färg och undersidan är alltid ljusare än ryggen.[7] Artens huvud påminner om hundens huvud och öronen är långa. Liksom hos andra medlemmar av samma släkte har hanar ett hudveck i flygmembranen som påminner om en påse. Tandformeln är I 1/3 C 1/1 P 2/2 M 3/3, alltså 32 tänder.[6]

Denna fladdermus förekommer i Central- och Sydamerika från södra Mexiko till centrala Bolivia, norra Paraguay och södra Brasilien. Habitatet utgörs främst av tropiska lövfällande skogar men arten besöker även städsegröna skogar, buskskogar och människans samhällen.[1] Peropteryx macrotis vistas i låglandet och i kulliga områden som är lägre än 500 meter över havet.[7]

Individerna jagar flygande insekter som skalbaggar eller flugor.[1] I människans samhällen flyger arten ofta nära gatubelysningen där många insekter förekommer.[6] Ensamma exemplar eller flockar med upp till 10 medlemmar vilar i grottor. Vanligen finns bara en vuxen hane i flocken.[7] Ofta förekommer blandade kolonier med andra fladdermöss. Peropteryx macrotis vilar sällan med fötterna fäst i taket och huvudet nedåt. Den ligger oftare på en mer eller mindre vertikal yta.[6]

Denna fladdermus jagas själv av ugglor och av större fladdermöss som Chrotopterus auritus. Parningstiden är beroende av populationens utbredning. Honan är 4 till 4,5 månader dräktig och sedan föds oftast en enda unge.[6]

Källor

  1. ^ [a b c d] 2008 Peropteryx macrotis Från: IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2012.2 <www.iucnredlist.org>. Läst 2012-10-24.
  2. ^ Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. (2005) , Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., Peropteryx macrotis
  3. ^ Wilson, Don E., and F. Russell Cole (2000) , Common Names of Mammals of the World
  4. ^ [a b] Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D. (red.) (15 april 2011). ”Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist.”. Species 2000: Reading, UK. http://www.catalogueoflife.org/annual-checklist/2011/search/all/key/peropteryx+macrotis/match/1. Läst 24 september 2012.
  5. ^ ITIS: The Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Orrell T. (custodian), 2011-04-26
  6. ^ [a b c d e] S. Ponte (15 april 2009). ”Lesser dog-like bat” (på engelska). Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Peropteryx_macrotis/. Läst 27 januari 2016.
  7. ^ [a b c] Eisenberg & Redford (2000) Peropteryx macrotis, Mammals of the Neotropics, sid. 127

Externa länkar

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Peropteryx macrotis: Brief Summary ( suédois )

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Peropteryx macrotis är en däggdjursart som först beskrevs av Wagner 1843. Peropteryx macrotis ingår i släktet Peropteryx och familjen frisvansade fladdermöss. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.

Artepitet macrotis i det vetenskapliga namnet är latin och betyder "långa öron".

Honor blir med en kroppslängd (huvud och bål) av cirka 50 mm lite större än hanar som blir cirka 47 mm långa. Därtill kommer en cirka 10mm lång svans. Pälsen har på ovansidan en ljusbrun, rödbrun eller mörkbrun färg och undersidan är alltid ljusare än ryggen. Artens huvud påminner om hundens huvud och öronen är långa. Liksom hos andra medlemmar av samma släkte har hanar ett hudveck i flygmembranen som påminner om en påse. Tandformeln är I 1/3 C 1/1 P 2/2 M 3/3, alltså 32 tänder.

Denna fladdermus förekommer i Central- och Sydamerika från södra Mexiko till centrala Bolivia, norra Paraguay och södra Brasilien. Habitatet utgörs främst av tropiska lövfällande skogar men arten besöker även städsegröna skogar, buskskogar och människans samhällen. Peropteryx macrotis vistas i låglandet och i kulliga områden som är lägre än 500 meter över havet.

Individerna jagar flygande insekter som skalbaggar eller flugor. I människans samhällen flyger arten ofta nära gatubelysningen där många insekter förekommer. Ensamma exemplar eller flockar med upp till 10 medlemmar vilar i grottor. Vanligen finns bara en vuxen hane i flocken. Ofta förekommer blandade kolonier med andra fladdermöss. Peropteryx macrotis vilar sällan med fötterna fäst i taket och huvudet nedåt. Den ligger oftare på en mer eller mindre vertikal yta.

Denna fladdermus jagas själv av ugglor och av större fladdermöss som Chrotopterus auritus. Parningstiden är beroende av populationens utbredning. Honan är 4 till 4,5 månader dräktig och sedan föds oftast en enda unge.

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Peropteryx macrotis ( ukrainien )

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Peropteryx macrotis — є одним з видів мішкокрилих кажанів родини Emballonuridae.

Поширення

Країни поширення: Беліз, Болівія, Бразилія, Колумбія, Коста-Рика, Еквадор, Сальвадор, Французька Гвіана, Гватемала, Гаяна, Гондурас, Мексика, Нікарагуа, Панама, Парагвай, Перу, Суринам, Тринідад і Тобаго, Венесуела. Зазвичай проживає в тропічних листяних лісах, але також у напівпосушливих чагарниках і вічнозелених лісах. Поживою є дрібні жуки і мухи. Знайдений в міських районах.

Загрози та охорона

Немає серйозних загроз для цього виду. Знайдений в охоронних районах.

Посилання


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Peropteryx macrotis: Brief Summary ( ukrainien )

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Peropteryx macrotis — є одним з видів мішкокрилих кажанів родини Emballonuridae.

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Peropteryx macrotis ( vietnamien )

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Peropteryx macrotis là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi bao, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Wagner mô tả năm 1843.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. biên tập (2005). “Peropteryx macrotis”. Mammal Species of the World . Baltimore: Nhà in Đại học Johns Hopkins, 2 tập (2.142 trang). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.

Tham khảo


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết dơi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Peropteryx macrotis: Brief Summary ( vietnamien )

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Peropteryx macrotis là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi bao, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Wagner mô tả năm 1843.

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작은개닮은박쥐 ( coréen )

fourni par wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

작은개닮은박쥐 또는 피터스개닮은박쥐(Peropteryx macrotis)는 대꼬리박쥐과에 속하는 남아메리카중앙아메리카 박쥐의 일종이다. 1826년 처음 기술되었고, 초기 학명이 다른 종의 학명으로 이미 사용중이었기 때문에 1843년에 다른 학명으로 변경되었다.

특징

작은개닮은박쥐는 작은 박쥐로 몸길이는 약 6cm, 꼬리 길이는 약 1.4cm이다. 성체 몸무게는 겨우 4g 정도에 불과하고 암컷이 수컷보다 크다. 상당히 긴 털을 갖고 있으며, 갈색부터 회색 또는 불그스레한 색까지 다양한 색을 띤다. 개닮은박쥐류 중에서 가장 작지만, 털이 없는 긴 주둥이는 개닮은박쥐류가 모두 공유하는 특징으로 통용명은 이때문에 붙여졌다. 작은 크기 이외에, 근연종 모두는 팔 앞쪽의 날개 비막 일부에 외부로 열린 분비선 주머니를 갖고 있다.[2]

분포 및 서식지

작은개닮은박쥐는 남쪽으로 멕시코 베라크루스주 동부와 오아하카주부터 중앙아메리카 전역에서 발견된다. 남아메리카에서는 콜롬비아 전역에서 발견되지만, 안데스 산맥 동부 지역에서만 서식하며, 볼리비아 동부, 파라과이 북부 그리고 브라질 산타카타리나주의 남쪽 끝에서 발견된다.

분포 지역에서 해발 1000m 이하의 열대 탈락성 숲에서 아주 흔하게 발견되며 상록수 숲이나 준건조 관목지대에서 발견되기도 한다.[1] 알려진 아종은 없지만, 이전에는 트리니다드개닮은박쥐를 작은개닮은박쥐의 아종으로 간주하기도 했다.[2]

생태 및 습성

작은개닮은박쥐는 주로 작은 딱정벌레목과 파리목 곤충을 먹는다. 낮 동안에는 주로 동굴에서 지내지만[3] 지하 수로와 옛 건물터와 교회 지붕 등과 같은 인공 건축물에서도 서식하는 것으로 추정하고 있다. 집단은 일반적으로 작으며, 15마리 이하로 구성되지만 다양한 다른 종들과 둥지를 공유한다. 일부 무리는 암컷을 유인하기 위하여 날개주머니로부터 냄새를 분비하는 단 한 마리의 수컷을 포함하기도 한다. 포식자로 올빼미와 큰귀양털박쥐가 포함된다.[2] 연중 번식을 하며, 임신 기간은 4개월과 4개월 반 사이이다.[2] 암컷은 한 번에 한마리의 새끼를 낳고 쌍각자궁의 왼쪽 자강각에 임신을 한다.[4]

각주

  1. “Peropteryx macrotis”. 《멸종 위기 종의 IUCN 적색 목록. 2008판》 (영어). 국제 자연 보전 연맹. 2008. 2015년 7월 18일에 확인함.
  2. Yee, D.A. (2000). Peropteryx macrotis (PDF). 《Mammalian Species》 643: 1–4. doi:10.1644/1545-1410(2000)643<0001:pm>2.0.co;2. 2016년 3월 4일에 원본 문서 (PDF)에서 보존된 문서. 2016년 12월 16일에 확인함.
  3. Arita, H.T. (1996). “The conservation of cave-roosting bats in Yucatan, Mexico”. 《Biological Conservation》 76 (2): 177–185. doi:10.1016/0006-3207(95)00105-0.
  4. Wimsatt, W.A. (1979). “Reproductive asymmetry and unilateral pregnancy in Chiroptera”. 《Journal of Reproduction and Fertility》 56 (1): 345–357. doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0560345.
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