El ratpenat barbut petit (Chalinolobus picatus) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels vespertiliònids. És endèmic d'Austràlia.[1]
El ratpenat barbut petit (Chalinolobus picatus) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels vespertiliònids. És endèmic d'Austràlia.
The little pied bat (Chalinolobus picatus) is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is found only in semi-arid woodlands in eastern Australia.[2][3]
The little pied bat is the smallest bat of the genus. The coat is a glossy black with a slight grey wash ventrally. Along the sides is a pure white stripe that meets at the pubic area to form a ‘V’. Weighing between 4-8 g.[4] There is no significant difference in appearance between the sexes of the species.
Little is known about the specifics of the anatomy and physiology of C. picatus.
Its bone structure is similar to many other bats, with minor differences that define the species. Its skull is only small, with a braincase breadth of only 7 mm. The supraorbital swellings are not pronounced and there is no median crest on the brain case. The total skull length is about 12 mm.[4] Little pied bats have seven cervical vertebrae, eleven thoracic vertebrae, four lumbar vertebrae and are thought to have three caudal vertebrae that make up the small tail structure. The pelvic girdle bones (ilium, ischium and pubis) are strongly fused, more so than in other mammals.[5] The lower hind limb is composed mainly of the tibia, the fibula being vestigial and fused to the tibia. The hind limb is rotated through 180°, so when walking knees point ventrally. The entire hindlimb is capable of a wide angle rotation, allowing a complete 360° turn when hanging. The toes of this hind limb have claws that are extremely strong and laterally compressed. A tendon that runs through cartilaginous rings attached to the phalange allow an automatic locking system. The weight of the bat keeps the tendon taught, and hence the toes gripping when hanging, so the bat may sleep without falling from its roost. The uropatagium, the flap of skin that extends between the back legs and tail is supported by the calcaneum bone, which is located near the ankle.[5] The forelimb bones are all elongated, with the degree of elongation increasing the farther the bones are from the body. The ulna is vestigial and fused to the radius.[5] The forearm commonly between 31 and 33 mm in length.[4] The thumb is not overly enlarged but is capable of free movement. The wrist is highly flexible. The fusing of the radius and ulna allow for strength to hold up the wing. The bones of the wing are controlled by a single muscle for each action. At the elbow, there is a small bone called the ulna sesamoid, it is similar to the patella.[5]
Bats have a four-chambered heart, similar to that of other mammals. It can be 0.6–1.3% of the bats' body weight.[5] For more information refer to Circulatory System.
It is known to range from north-western and south-western New South Wales,[4][6] central and southern Queensland, eastern South Australia and north-western Victoria.[7] However, they are only in a few large remnants of habitat that remain in these areas.[3][8] Some specific places the little pied bat can be found include Willandra lakes NSW,[9] Idalia National Park QLD,[6] Sturt National Park NSW, Gluepot Reserve SA and Yarrara Flora and Fauna Reserve VIC.[7] It often roosts in tree hollows of the various bushland trees of NSW and QLD such as semi-arid tall shrublands and vine forests,[3] however, are often found in Eucalypt[10] and Acacia open woodlands. The little pied bat is also found in abandoned buildings around these types of habitats.[3] The colonies of little pied bats can range from a few individuals to 50 bats. Each bat generation is between 3–5 years. The population is decreasing.[3]
It eats insects such as moths, beetles, wingless ants, cockroaches, stoneflies, katydids, crickets, cicadas, spiders, flies, termites and grasshoppers. They hunt mainly in the low and midrange areas of the canopy.[11]
There is little known about its behaviour, especially roosting behaviour and mating tactics. Further research is required in this area. It is presumed they are similar to most bats, having breeding seasons and nocturnal, thought they have been spotted during daylight.
It is a part of the genus Chalinolobus of the family Vespertilionidae.[3] It shares this genus with six other bat species: C. dwyeri, C. gouldii, C. morio, C. gouldii, C. nigrogriseus and C. tuberculatus.
It is thought that the genus Glauconycteris, commonly known as African butterfly bats, are closely related to the genus Chalinolobus in Australia.[4] If you refer to the ‘Classification and evolution’ section of Bats, the relationship of the order is shown.
The little pied bat hunts and perceives its surrounding by emitting short pulses of high frequency sounds and interpreting the returning echoes. This technique is a unique adaptation called echolocation in 1944. A call sequence consists of a train of pulses, with the gaps between each pulse controlled by the bat. The call can vary due to behaviour, age, sex or hunting strategy. Different bat species will emit different calls, and this is thought to be a reflection of their morphology and habitat use.[12] The little pied bat uses pulses with an sR shape pulse, refer to image on the left 'Echolocation Shapes of bats'.[12]
There are many diseases bats can contract in the QLD and NSW regions. These diseases can also be transferred to Humans (zoonoses). There are two main diseases in bats that can transfer to humans and thought to be carried by the little pied bat.
Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV) was identified in 1996. It has been found in many fruit bats and only one insect-eating microbat. The chances of the little pied bat contracting the disease is slim, however still possible and after blood test of many bats, evidence shows any bat in Australia can carry the virus. Since the virus was discovered, three people have dies from contracting ABLV. ABVL is closely, but not identical, to the rabies virus. The virus is transmitted via bites, scratches or any other body fluids, for example mucous membrane exposure in the eyes. ABLV infection in humans causes a serious illness which results in paralysis, delirium, convulsions and death. Death is usually due to respiratory paralysis. There is no specific treatment for ABLV. Cleansing properly of the wound will reduce the risk of infection.[13]
The natural hosts for Hendra virus are fruit bats. However Hendra virus has been found in dogs, so there is a possibility of other bats carrying the disease. It is most commonly transmitted to horses by ingesting the faecal matter of bats. Hendra was discovered in 1994 after a large racing stable had an outbreak of sick horses. Since this time, over 60 horses have been infected and either died or were euthanised. Whilst many humans have been exposed to Hendra virus infected horses and not contracted the virus, several have, most of them veterinarians, four of whom died. features may include difficulty breathing and/or weakness and neurological signs such as uncoordinated gait and muscle twitching, quickly leading to death in most cases. Whilst there is no specific treatment for Hendra, the making of a vaccination is now underway (2013) and will be released within the next few years.[14]
The little pied bat is facing population decline and threatened by habitat loss. Clearing for cotton in NSW over the last 50 years has reduced the range of its habitat by 10% and the clearance is ongoing. There is similar habitat loss in QLD however, the effects on the habitat for the little pied bat at this stage in unclear. Roost disturbance, timber harvesting in state forest lands and changing fire regimes are all potential threats to the Little Pied bat.[3] The little pied bat is listed as Near Threatened due to its significant decline, probably due to substantial habitat conversion and range contraction. However, the rates of decline are less than 30% over 3 generations, so they do not qualify for Vulnerable.[3]
The little pied bat (Chalinolobus picatus) is a species of vesper bat in the family Vespertilionidae. It is found only in semi-arid woodlands in eastern Australia.
Chalinolobus picatus es una especie de murciélago de la familia Vespertilionidae.
Datos: Q305549
Especies: Chalinolobus picatus
Chalinolobus picatus es una especie de murciélago de la familia Vespertilionidae.
Chalinolobus picatus Chalinolobus generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Vespertilioninae azpifamilia eta Vespertilionidae familian sailkatuta dago
Chalinolobus picatus Chalinolobus generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Vespertilioninae azpifamilia eta Vespertilionidae familian sailkatuta dago
Chalinolobus picatus é unha especie de morcego da familia Vespertilionidae.
Chalinolobus picatus é unha especie de morcego da familia Vespertilionidae.
Chalinolobus picatus (Gould, 1852) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Vespertilionidi endemico dell'Australia.[1][2]
Pipistrello di piccole dimensioni, con la lunghezza della testa e del corpo tra 45 e 49 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 32 e 36 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 29 e 42 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 8,6 e 11 mm e un peso fino a 7,1 g.[3]
La pelliccia è lunga Le parti dorsali sono nerastre lucide, mentre le parti ventrali sono più brunastre con delle strisce bianche lungo i fianchi che si uniscono nella regione anale. Il muso è corto e largo, dovuto alla presenza di una massa ghiandolare presente su ogni lato e separata da un profondo solco dalle narici che si aprono lateralmente. Le orecchie sono corte, triangolari, con l'estremità arrotondata e con l'antitrago che si estende attraverso un lobo carnoso rotondo sul labbro inferiore all'angolo posteriore del muso e un lobo allungato più piccolo lungo il labbro inferiore. Il trago è corto, allargato verso l'estremità arrotondata ed inclinato in avanti. e attaccate posteriormente alla base delle dita dei piedi, i quali sono piccoli. La coda è lunga ed inclusa completamente nell'ampio uropatagio. Il calcar è provvisto di una carenatura rotonda ben sviluppata
Si rifugia in gruppi fino a 50 individui in siti sotterranei, cavità degli alberi ed edifici abbandonati.
Si nutre di insetti.
Danno alla luce un piccolo alla volta due piccoli alla volta in primavera.
Questa specie è diffusa nel Queensland meridionale, Nuovo Galles del Sud, Victoria nord-occidentale ed Australia meridionale centro-orientale.
Vive nei boschi di eucalipto ed acacia, nelle alte boscaglie semi-aride, foreste secche di sclerofille, foreste di araucaria tra 40 e 400 metri di altitudine.
La IUCN Red List, considerato che questa specie è stata soggetta ad un declino della popolazione di oltre il 30% nelle ultime tre generazioni a causa della conversione e riduzione del proprio habitat, classifica C.picatus come specie prossima alla minaccia (NT).[1]
Chalinolobus picatus (Gould, 1852) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Vespertilionidi endemico dell'Australia.
Chalinolobus picatus is een vleermuis uit het geslacht Chalinolobus die voorkomt in het midden van oostelijk Australië: Zuid-Queensland, Noordoost-Zuid-Australië en West-Nieuw-Zuid-Wales. Daar leeft het dier in bossen, open bos en struiklandschappen. Het dier slaapt in grotten, mijnen, boomholtes en soms gebouwen. In de lente worden twee jongen geboren.
Deze soort lijkt op C. dwyeri, maar is kleiner en heeft kleinere oren. De kop-romplengte bedraagt 45 tot 49 mm, de staartlengte 29 tot 42 mm, de voorarmlengte 32 tot 36 mm, de oorlengte 8,6 tot 11 mm en het gewicht 4,3 tot 7,1 g.
Bronnen, noten en/of referentiesChalinolobus picatus é uma espécie de morcego da família Vespertilionidae. Endêmica da Austrália.
Chalinolobus picatus é uma espécie de morcego da família Vespertilionidae. Endêmica da Austrália.
Chalinolobus picatus[2][3] är en fladdermusart som först beskrevs av Gould 1852 och som ingår i släktet Chalinolobus och familjen läderlappar.[4][5] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[4]
Denna fladdermus förekommer i östra Australien. Den vistas på lågland och i kuperade områden på upp till 400 meters höjd över havet. Habitatet utgörs av öppen skog med akacior och eukalyptus eller hårdbladsväxter i närheten av vatten samt andra liknande öppna landskap med enstaka träd och vattensamlingar.[1]
Individerna vilar i trädhålor eller i byggnader som sällan besöks av människor. Fladdermusen bildar kolonier med 5 till 50 medlemmar.[1]
Populationen minskar och IUCN kategoriserar arten som nära hotad. Det största hotet utgörs av habitatförstöring.[1]
Wikispecies har information om Chalinolobus picatus.
Chalinolobus picatus är en fladdermusart som först beskrevs av Gould 1852 och som ingår i släktet Chalinolobus och familjen läderlappar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.
Denna fladdermus förekommer i östra Australien. Den vistas på lågland och i kuperade områden på upp till 400 meters höjd över havet. Habitatet utgörs av öppen skog med akacior och eukalyptus eller hårdbladsväxter i närheten av vatten samt andra liknande öppna landskap med enstaka träd och vattensamlingar.
Individerna vilar i trädhålor eller i byggnader som sällan besöks av människor. Fladdermusen bildar kolonier med 5 till 50 medlemmar.
Populationen minskar och IUCN kategoriserar arten som nära hotad. Det största hotet utgörs av habitatförstöring.
Ендемік Австралії (Квінсленд, Новий Південний Уельс, Південна Австралія). Відомий на висотах 40-400 м над рівнем моря. Цей вид зустрічається в лісах, рідколіссях, високих чагарниках.
Він утворює колонії в дуплах дерев, підземних помешканнях і будівлях. Колонії можуть складатися від кількох осіб до 50.
Цей вид знаходиться під загрозою через втрати середовища проживання. Був записаний на багатьох природоохоронних територіях.
Chalinolobus picatus là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi muỗi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Gould mô tả năm 1852.[1]
Bài viết họ Dơi muỗi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Chalinolobus picatus là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi muỗi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Gould mô tả năm 1852.
작은알락박쥐(Chalinolobus picatus)는 애기박쥐과에 속하는 박쥐의 일종이다. 오스트레일리아 동부 지역의 준건조 산림 지역에서만 발견된다.[2][3]
