noms dans le fil d’Ariane
Cliff chipmunks are not listed by CITES or IUCN.
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: no special status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern
Tamias dorsalis remains close to the cliff faces and rocks for easily available cover. The indistinctness of their stripes is also supposed to serve as an anti-predator adaptation. Potential predators in different regions include Cooper's hawks (Accipiter cooperii), Sharp-shinned hawks (Accipiter jamaicensis), American kestrels (Falco sparverius), coyotes (Canis latrans), badgers (Taxidea taxus), long-tailed weasels (Mustela frenata), and prairie rattlesnakes (Crotalus viridis). Domestic cats may also prey on T. dorsalis.
Known Predators:
Anti-predator Adaptations: cryptic
Tamias dorsalis is a smoky-gray chipmunk with dark stripes on its back. These dark stripes are more distinct on the summer fur than on the winter fur. It lacks the white stripes often found in the pelage of this genus. The flanks are light brown in color, and the undeparts are creamy-white. The tail is bushy with black on top and cinnamon brown underneath. The feet have a hint of yellow. The molt in May and June from winter to summer pelage occurs from anterior to posterior. Females tend to molt into their summer pelage in June and July, later than males, due to the engergy requirements of pregnancy and lactation.
Adults of this species average 70 g. Females are larger than males, weighing between 70 and 74 g. The smaller males weigh between 61 and 64.5 g.
The total length of T. dorsalis ranges between 217 and 249 mm, with the hind foot measuring between 34 and 37 mm. They have 22 teeth. Eight mammae are present on the females.
There are several subspecies reported, and these subspecies are reported to have clinal variation which intergrades them phenotypically. The subspecies may be defined mainly by differences in body and skull dimensions, pelage characters, dental characeters, and differences in the baculum.
Tamias dorsalis is sympatric with several other species of chipmunks, including T. canipes, T. cinereicollis, T. minimus, T. quadrivittatus, and T. umbrinus. However, all of these species have well defined white stripes on their fur, making it easy to distinguish them from T. dorsalis at a glance.
The species is diagnosed by its baculum. This has a thin shaft, ranging in length from 2.64 to 3.69 mm. The distal half of the shaft is somewhat laterally compressed. The keel, which is 20% of the length of the tip, is low. The tip of the baculum is between 20% and 40% the length of the shaft, and forms an angle of 140 degrees with the shaft.
Range mass: 61 to 74 g.
Average mass: 70 g.
Range length: 217 to 249 mm.
Average length: 230 mm.
Sexual Dimorphism: female larger
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry
The longevity of this species has not been reported.
Average lifespan
Status: captivity: 12.6 years.
Cliff chipmunks spend much of their time near cliffs. Dens, particularly winter dens, are in rocky outcroppings. In summer, chipmunks will stay overnight in cliffs, but much of their diurnal activity is away from the den area. Tamias dorsalis generally inhabits elevations of 1500 to 3700 m with scrub-type habitat. The tendency is toward occupying patches of juniper (Juniperus spp.), but T. dorsalis is also found in areas with oaks (Quercus spp.), maples (Acer spp.), Piñon pine (Pinus monophylla), and Ponderosa Pine (P. ponderosa). Cliff chipmunks have been found in lava fields and deserts at lower elevations.
Range elevation: 1500 to 3700 m.
Habitat Regions: temperate ; terrestrial
Terrestrial Biomes: scrub forest
Tamias dorsalis is found mainly in the southwestern United States of America. Its range inludes the states of Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico as well as the northern portion of Mexico.
Biogeographic Regions: nearctic (Native )
Tamias dorsalis forages for juniper berries, pine seeds, and acorns. These make up a large portion of the diet of this species. Tamias dorsalis is an opportunistic forager and will eat available plant material. Seeds are gathered during prime availability and are carried in cheek pouches and are transported to temporary caches. Seeds and vegetation are generally cached within 100 m of the home cliff, with many of these caches being retrieved later. Use of plants as food sources seems to influence both daily and seasonal movements. Females have been noted to spend more time foraging than males. Tamias dorsalis is mainly herbivorous although these chipmunks have been noted to eat a wide variety of insects, herps, birds, and eggs in Utah.
Animal Foods: amphibians; reptiles; eggs; insects; terrestrial non-insect arthropods
Plant Foods: seeds, grains, and nuts; fruit
Foraging Behavior: stores or caches food
Primary Diet: herbivore (Granivore )
Cliff chipmunks are food for a variety of carnivores and raptors. They also cache seeds, and so may be an important means of seed dispersal. They compete with other species of chipmunks and ground squirrels for seeds. Bot-fly larva (Cuterebra), fleas, lice and white chiggers (Trombiculi allredi) have been found on T. dorsalis. Necropsies of T. dorsalis in other regions have not found any endoparasites.
Ecosystem Impact: disperses seeds
These animals are not reported to have any positive economic impact on humans. However, as a prey species, they do provide food for some of the larger predatory species that humans enjoy watching. Also, because they are themselves sort of cute, they may provide entertainment for tourists in natural areas.
If agricultural areas are within or near the range of T. dorsalis, the possibility of crop damage is present although it has not been documented.
Negative Impacts: crop pest
Tamias dorsalis has three different calls that characterize different meanings. A bark emitted during standing, resting, or squatting suggests normal activity. A sharp "whsst" or "psst" chirp from an upright, alert position and tail twitching indicates excitement. A mixture of high-pitched sounds represents being surprised or threatened.
In addition to its vocal communications, it is likely that this diurnal species uses other visual signals to communicate with conspecifics. For example, body posture may indicate friendly or hostile intentions when two individuals come together.
Tactile communication is undoubtedly important between mates as well as rivals, and also occurs between a mother and her young. Although specific scent based communication has not been reported for this species, it may occur.
Communication Channels: visual ; tactile ; acoustic
Perception Channels: visual ; infrared/heat ; tactile ; acoustic ; chemical
Tamias dorsalis has kidney specializations that are adaptive to dry habitats. A number of subspecies exist and contribute to the differences noted in each category. Differences between subspecies also contributes to the reported shyness or lack of shyness in different regions. Synonym: Eutamias dorsalis.
Details on the reproductive system of this species are scant. However, one estrus female was the center of attention of as many as 14 males, indicating that there is probably some competition among males for access to these females. It is not known whether the female in this report mated with more than one of the males.
Males are reproductively active from January through June although most breeding occurs in March. A study of T. dorsalis in the mountains of Arizona suggests that copulation does not occur until May with birth in late June and early July. These discrepancies can be attributed to the duration of winter and the quantity of food available. Tamias dorsalis does not gain weight before winter, but will loose some over the winter. February through April are lean months and may play a crucial role in the copulation and breeding success of T. dorsalis.
Cliff chipmunks have only one litter per year, with an approximate size of 4 to 6 young. Parturition normally occurs in the months of April to July with the young emerging from burrows about a month later.
Although details on the development of this species are lacking, cliff chipmunks are probably like other members of their genus. Tamias cinereicollis young are reported to nurse for 41 to 45 days. They are capable of eating solid foods at 36 to 40 days of age.
Breeding interval: Cliff chipmunks generally breed once every spring.
Breeding season: Copulation generally occurs in May.
Range number of offspring: 4 to 6.
Average gestation period: 4 weeks.
Key Reproductive Features: iteroparous ; seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; fertilization ; viviparous
Average gestation period: 30 days.
Average number of offspring: 5.2.
The young spend their early days in the den of their mother, and are presumed to be altricial. As mammals, females of this species provide their young with milk, grooming, and protection. Mature females in Arizona have been recorded in transport of half-grown young which are carried in the mouth. Males are not reported to be involved in the care of the young.
Parental Investment: no parental involvement; altricial ; pre-fertilization (Protecting: Female); pre-hatching/birth (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-weaning/fledging (Provisioning: Female, Protecting: Female); pre-independence (Protecting: Female)
This taxon is found in the Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests, which exhibit a very diverse community of endemic and specialized species of plants, mammals, reptiles and amphibians. These high mountains run north to south, beginning in the USA and ending in Mexico. The Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests are a highly disjunctive ecoregion, owing to the fact that they are present only at higher elevations, within a region with considerable expanses of lower elevation desert floor.
The climate is temperate humid on the northeastern slope, and temperate sub-humid on the western slope and highest portions of the mountain range. Pine-oak forest habitat covers most of the region, even though most of the primary forest has been destroyed or degraded. However, the wettest portions house a community of cloud forests that constitute the northernmost patches of this vegetation in Mexico. The forests grow on soils derived from volcanic rocks that have a high content of organic matter. The soils of lower elevations are derived from sedimentary rocks, and some of them are formed purely of limestone. In the northernmost portions of the ecoregion, the forests occur on irregular hummocks that constitute biological "islands" of temperate forest in the middle of the Chihuahuan Desert. To the south, from Nuevo León southward until Guanajuato and Queretaro, the ecoregion is more continuous along the mainstem of the Sierra Madre Oriental.
Dominant tree species include the pines: the endemic Nelson's Pine (Pinus nelsonii), Mexican Pinyon (P. cembroides), Smooth-bark Mexican Pine (P. pseudostrobus), and Arizona Pine (P. arizonica); and the oaks Quercus castanea and Q. affinis. In mesic environments, the most common species are P. cembroides, and Alligator Juniper (Juniperus deppeana), but in more xeric environments on the west slopes of the mountains, the endemic P. pinceana is more abundant. Gregg's Pine (P. greggii) and Jelecote Pine (P. patula) are endemic.
Many mammalian species wander these rugged hills. Mule Deer (Odocoileus hemionus), Puma (Puma concolor), Cliff Chipmunk (Tamias dorsalis), Collared Peccary (Tayassu tajacu), Coati (Nasua narica), Jaguar (Panthera onca) and Coyote (Canis latrans) are a few of the many diverse mammals that inhabit this ecoregion. Some threatened mammals found in the ecoregion are: Bolaños Woodrat (Neotoma palatina VU); Diminutive Woodrat (Nelsonia neotomodon NT), known chiefly from the western versant of the Sierra Madre; Chihuahuan Mouse (Peromyscus polius NT); and Mexican Long-nosed Bat (Leptonycteris nivalis EN).
A considerable number of reptilian taxa are found in the Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests, including three endemic snakes: Ridgenose Rattlesnake (Crotalus willardi); Fox´s Mountain Meadow Snake (Adelophis foxi); and the Longtail Rattlesnake (Crotalus stejnegeri VU), restricted to the central Sierra Madre. An endemic skink occurring in the ecoregion is the Fair-headed Skink (Plestiodon callicephalus). The Striped Plateau Lizard (Sceloporus virgatus) is endemic to the ecoregion. The Sonoran Mud Turtle (Kinosternon sonoriense VU) is found in the ecoregion and ranges from southwestern New Mexico south to northwestern Chihuahua.
The following anuran taxa occur in the Sierra Madre Oriental pine-oak forests: Red-spotted Toad (Anaxyrus punctatus); Cane Toad (Rhinella marina); Elegant Narrow-mouthed Toad (Gastrophryne elegans); New Mexico Spadefoot Toad (Spea multiplicata); Sinaloa Toad (Incilius mazatlanensis); Pine Toad (Incilius occidentalis); Southwestern Toad (Anaxyrus microscaphus); Woodhouse's Toad (Anaxyrus woodhousii); Great Plains Narrowmouth Toad (Gastrophryne olivacea); Great Plains Toad (Anaxyrus cognatus); Plateau Toad (Anaxyrus compactilis); Texas Toad (Anaxyrus speciosus); Sonoran Desert Toad (Incilius alvarius), found only at lower ecoregion elevations here; Rana-ladrona Silbadora (Eleutherodactylus teretistes); Sabinal Frog (Leptodactylus melanonotus); Mexican Leaf Frog (Pachymedusa dacnicolor); Montezuma Leopard Frog (Lithobates montezumae); Yavapai Leopard Frog (Lithobates yavapaiensis); Northwest Mexico Leopard Frog (Lithobates magnaocularis); Bigfoot Leopard Frog (Lithobates megapoda), who generally breeds in permanent surface water bodies; Mexican Cascade Frog (Lithobates pustulosus); Tarahumara Frog (Lithobates tarahumarae VU); Western Barking Frog (Craugastor augusti); Lowland Burrowing Frog (Smilisca fodiens); Taylor's Barking Frog (Craugastor occidentalis); Blunt-toed Chirping Frog (Eleutherodactylus modestus VU), found only at the very lowest elevations of the ecoregion; Shiny Peeping Frog (Eleutherodactylus nitidus); California Chorus Frog (Pseudacris cadaverina); Rio Grande Frog (Lithobates berlandieri); Madrean Treefrog (Hyla eximia); Mexican Treefrog (Smilisca baudinii); Dwarf Mexican Treefrog (Tlalocohyla smithii); Canyon Treefrog (Hyla arenicolor); Northern Sheep Frog (Hypopachus variolosus); Chiricahua Leopard Frog (Lithobates chiricahuensis). There are three salamanders found in the ecoregion: the endemic Sacramento Mountains Salamander (Aneides hardii), found only in very high montane reaches above 2400 meters; Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma tigrinum); and the Tarahumara Salamander (Ambystoma rosaceum).
L'esguil rayáu de fuécara (Tamias dorsalis) ye una pequeña especie de mamíferu rucador esciuromorfo de la familia Sciuridae que xeneralmente vive nes zones barrancosas del oeste d'Estaos Xuníos y Méxicu, onde suelen haber parrotales como l'artumisa, el chamizo, el zrezal y el rosal montesa. Estos esguiles son bien axilosos, y suélse-yos ver esguilando fasteres. Los esguiles rayaos de fuécara nun almacenen grasa corporal como otros esguiles, polo que pel hibiernu crean una bodega” d'alimentos. Aliméntase de granes, frutes, yerba y pequeños animales, como inseutos, xaronques, sacaveres y culiebres. Estos esguiles pesen unos 60 g y miden alredor de 22 cm (los machos son daqué más pequeños que les femes).
L'esguil rayáu de fuécara (Tamias dorsalis) ye una pequeña especie de mamíferu rucador esciuromorfo de la familia Sciuridae que xeneralmente vive nes zones barrancosas del oeste d'Estaos Xuníos y Méxicu, onde suelen haber parrotales como l'artumisa, el chamizo, el zrezal y el rosal montesa. Estos esguiles son bien axilosos, y suélse-yos ver esguilando fasteres. Los esguiles rayaos de fuécara nun almacenen grasa corporal como otros esguiles, polo que pel hibiernu crean una bodega” d'alimentos. Aliméntase de granes, frutes, yerba y pequeños animales, como inseutos, xaronques, sacaveres y culiebres. Estos esguiles pesen unos 60 g y miden alredor de 22 cm (los machos son daqué más pequeños que les femes).
L'esquirol llistat dels penya-segats (Neotamias dorsalis) és una espècie de rosegador petit que sol viure als barrancs de l'oest dels Estats Units i Mèxic on solen haver-hi plantes com les artemísies, els blets i el roser silvestre, i arbres com el cirerer. Aquests esquirols són molt àgils, i se'ls sol veure escalant vessants. Els esquirols llistats dels penyasegats no solen emmagatzemar greix corporal com altres esquirols, per la qual cosa a l'hivern creen un celler d'aliments. Solen alimentar-se de llavors, fruites, pastures, i petits animals com a insectes, granotes, salamandres i escurçons. Solen pesar al voltant de 60 g i mesurar 220 mm, sent les femelles una mica més grans que els mascles.
Das Felsenstreifenhörnchen (Tamias dorsalis, Syn.: Neotamias dorsalis) ist eine Hörnchenart aus der Gattung der Streifenhörnchen (Tamias). Es kommt im Westen der Vereinigten Staaten sowie im Norden Mexikos vor.
Das Felsenstreifenhörnchen erreicht eine durchschnittliche Kopf-Rumpf-Länge von etwa 21,7 bis 24,9 Zentimetern, der Schwanz ist mit 10 Zentimetern deutlich kürzer und das Gewicht beträgt etwa 60 bis 75 Gramm. Das Rückenfell der Tiere ist blassgrau, die für die Streifenhörnchen typischen Rückenstreifen sind im Vergleich mit anderen Arten nur relativ undeutlich erkennbar. Der Mittelstreifen ist blassbraun bis deutlich schwarz und bei vielen Tieren der einzige erkennbare Streifen, manchmal sind zwei weitere Streifen erkennbar. Hinter den Ohren befindet sich ein weißer Fleck und das Gesicht ist durch zwei weiße Streifen gezeichnet. Die Körperseiten sind grau bis rötlich braun, die Bauchseite ist weiß bis cremefarben. Der Schwanz ist oberseits gräulich, die Unterseite ist rotbraun.[1]
Das Felsenstreifenhörnchen kommt im Westen der Vereinigten Staaten sowie im Norden Mexikos vor. Dabei reicht das Verbreitungsgebiet vom südlichen Idaho, dem östlichen Nevada, Utah, dem südwestlichen Wyoming und dem nordwestlichen Colorado über Arizona und das westliche New Mexico bis in die mexikanischen Bundesstaaten Coahuila, Chihuahua, Durango und Sonora.[1][2]
Felsenstreifenhörnchen leben in verschiedenen Lebensräumen innerhalb ihres Verbreitungsgebietes, sie sind jedoch grundsätzlich mit Strukturen wie Felsen, Stein- und Geröllflächen assoziiert. Zu den häufigsten Lebensräumen gehören Kiefern- und Fichtenwälder, Wacholderbestände und Eichen-Bergwälder. Häufig leben sie im Bereich von Flusstälern und auch in Gebüschen.[1]
Die Art ist tagaktiv und primär bodenlebend, kann jedoch auch an Felswänden sowie in Bäume und Gebüsche klettern. Die Tiere ernähren sich vor allem herbivor von Pflanzenteilen, Kräutern, Früchten und Samen der Nadelbäume. Als Opportunisten erbeuten sie auch Insekten und kleine Wirbeltiere. Den wesentlichen Teil der Nahrung stellen allerdings Samen dar, die in den Backentaschen gesammelt und teilweise auch in temporären Lagern oder im Nest als Vorrat gelagert werden. Felsenstreifenhörnchen überwintern nicht und können das gesamte Jahr über aktiv sein, bei schlechter Witterung ziehen sie sich allerdings häufig in ihr Nest zurück und können dort eine Zeitlang verbleiben. Das Nest legen die Tiere in Felsspalten und Steinhaufen an.[1] Die Tiere sind scheu und vorsichtig, sie bleiben in der Nähe ihrer Nester. Das Aktivitätsgebiet beträgt dabei durchschnittlich 0,9 bis 1,3 Hektar. Teilweise wurden Weibchengruppen beobachtet, die gemeinsam nach Nahrung suchen. Die Kommunikation erfolgt über bellende Rufe.[1]
Die Fortpflanzungszeit ist vergleichsweise lang. Die Männchen sind von Januar bis Juli fortpflanzungsfähig, die meisten Weibchen verpaaren sich von April bis Juni. Die Jungtiere werden vom späten April bis August geboren und verlassen den Bau zwischen Mai und September. Einige Weibchen können zwei Würfe im Jahr bekommen, allerdings pflanzen sich die meisten Weibchen wahrscheinlich nicht jedes Jahr fort.[1]
Als kleine Nagetiere sind Felsenstreifenhörnchen Beutetiere für eine Reihe von Beutegreifern, vor allem Greifvögel, Marder, Katzen, Hunde und Schlangen. Bei einer potenziellen Bedrohung fliehen die Tiere unter Äste und in Steinhaufen oder klettern auf Bäume. Sie stellen sich zudem auf ihre Hinterbeine und stoßen zudem kurze und schrille Alarmrufe aus.[1]
Das Felsenstreifenhörnchen wird als eigenständige Art innerhalb der Gattung der Streifenhörnchen (Tamias) eingeordnet, die aus 25 Arten besteht.[3] Die wissenschaftliche Erstbeschreibung stammt von dem amerikanischen Naturforscher Spencer Fullerton Baird aus dem Jahr 1855, der die Art anhand von Individuen aus den Kupferminen in „Fort Webster“ beschrieb. Arthur Holmes Howell grenzte das Gebiet 1929 auf die Umgebung von Santa Rita im Grant County, New Mexico, ein.[4][3] Innerhalb der Streifenhörnchen wird das Felsenstreifenhörnchen gemeinsam mit den meisten anderen Arten der Untergattung Neotamias zugeordnet, die auch als eigenständige Gattung diskutiert wird.[5]
Innerhalb der Art werden mit der Nominatform sechs Unterarten unterschieden:[1]
Das Felsenstreifenhörnchen wird von der International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) als „nicht gefährdet“ (Least Concern, LC) eingeordnet.[2] Begründet wird dies durch das große Verbreitungsgebiet, die angenommen großen Bestände sowie die Anpassungsfähigkeit an verschiedene Habitate und Lebensraumtypen. Bestandsgefährdende Risiken sind nicht bekannt.[2]
Das Felsenstreifenhörnchen (Tamias dorsalis, Syn.: Neotamias dorsalis) ist eine Hörnchenart aus der Gattung der Streifenhörnchen (Tamias). Es kommt im Westen der Vereinigten Staaten sowie im Norden Mexikos vor.
The cliff chipmunk (Neotamias dorsalis) is a small, bushy-tailed squirrel that typically lives along cliff walls or boulder fields bordering Pinyon-juniper woodlands in the Western United States and Mexico (commonly spotted in northern Arizona to Colorado). Cliff chipmunks are very agile, and can often be seen scaling steep cliff walls. Cliff chipmunks do not amass body fat as the more common ground squirrel does. They create a "stash" of food which they frequent during the cold winter months. The chipmunks' size varies from 8 to 10 inches, and they weigh an average of 2.5 oz. These small creatures live to a staggering 12+1⁄2 years. The chipmunks are brown on their underside and gray on the back, with white stripes on their face.
The cliff chipmunk nests near cliffs in pinyon-juniper woodlands hence its name "cliff chipmunk". They are found at higher altitudes such as 5,000–12,000 ft above sea level. A common destination for spotting the cliff chipmunk is the cliffs of the Grand Canyon. The cliff chipmunk is active mostly during the day, therefore easy to spot. The chipmunk's diet consists of juniper berries, pine seeds, and acorns.
Pinyon-juniper woodlands
The cliff chipmunk (Neotamias dorsalis) is a small, bushy-tailed squirrel that typically lives along cliff walls or boulder fields bordering Pinyon-juniper woodlands in the Western United States and Mexico (commonly spotted in northern Arizona to Colorado). Cliff chipmunks are very agile, and can often be seen scaling steep cliff walls. Cliff chipmunks do not amass body fat as the more common ground squirrel does. They create a "stash" of food which they frequent during the cold winter months. The chipmunks' size varies from 8 to 10 inches, and they weigh an average of 2.5 oz. These small creatures live to a staggering 12+1⁄2 years. The chipmunks are brown on their underside and gray on the back, with white stripes on their face.
La ardilla rayada de barranca (Tamias dorsalis) es una pequeña especie de mamífero roedor esciuromorfo de la familia Sciuridae que generalmente vive en las zonas barrancosas del oeste de Estados Unidos y México, donde suele haber arbustos como la artemisa, el chamizo, el cerezo y el rosal silvestre. Estas ardillas son muy ágiles, y se les suele ver escalando laderas. Las ardillas rayadas de barranca no almacenan grasa corporal como otras ardillas, por lo que en invierno crean una “bodega” de alimentos. Se alimentan de semillas, frutas, hierba y pequeños animales, como insectos, ranas, salamandras y culebras. Estas ardillas pesan unos 60 g y miden alrededor de 22 cm (los machos son algo más pequeños que las hembras).
Datos: Q1762104
Multimedia:
Especies: Tamias dorsalis
La ardilla rayada de barranca (Tamias dorsalis) es una pequeña especie de mamífero roedor esciuromorfo de la familia Sciuridae que generalmente vive en las zonas barrancosas del oeste de Estados Unidos y México, donde suele haber arbustos como la artemisa, el chamizo, el cerezo y el rosal silvestre. Estas ardillas son muy ágiles, y se les suele ver escalando laderas. Las ardillas rayadas de barranca no almacenan grasa corporal como otras ardillas, por lo que en invierno crean una “bodega” de alimentos. Se alimentan de semillas, frutas, hierba y pequeños animales, como insectos, ranas, salamandras y culebras. Estas ardillas pesan unos 60 g y miden alrededor de 22 cm (los machos son algo más pequeños que las hembras).
Tamias dorsalis Tamias generoko animalia da. Karraskarien barruko Xerinae azpifamilia eta Sciuridae familian sailkatuta dago.
Tamias dorsalis tai Neotamias dorsalis on pienikokoinen maaoravien sukuun kuuluva jyrsijä.[1]
Tamias dorsalis tai Neotamias dorsalis on pienikokoinen maaoravien sukuun kuuluva jyrsijä.
De klifchipmunk (Tamias dorsalis) is een zoogdier uit de familie van de eekhoorns (Sciuridae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1855 door Spencer F. Baird.[2]
De soort komt voor in Mexico en de Verenigde Staten. Klifchipmunks komen voor in rotsachtige bergstreken van Utah, Nevada, Arizona, Colorado, Wyoming, New Mexico en Mexico. Ze eten zaden, fruit en stengels van verschillende planten en leggen tijdelijke voedselvoorraden aan in de omgeving van hun nest, die ze in de wintermaanden leeghalen.[3]
Bronnen, noten en/of referentiesDe klifchipmunk (Tamias dorsalis) is een zoogdier uit de familie van de eekhoorns (Sciuridae). De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort werd voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1855 door Spencer F. Baird.
Tamias dorsalis[2][3][4][5][6][7] är en däggdjursart som beskrevs av Baird 1855. Den ingår i släktet jordekorrar och familjen ekorrar.[8][9] IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1]
Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life,[8] medan Wilson & Reeder skiljer mellan följande sex underarter:[5]
Pälsens grundfärg är grå med mörka längsstrimmor på ryggen. Till skillnad från många andra jordekorrarter, har den inga vita strimmor mellan de mörka. Sidorna är ljusbruna, och undersidan krämfärgad. Svansen är buskig med svart ovansida och kanelbrun undersida. Kroppslängden varierar mellan 22 och 25 cm. Arten har 22 tänder, honorna har 8 spenar. Honorna är tydligt större än hanarna med en vikt mellan 70 och 74 g, mot hanarnas 61 till 64,5 g.[10]
De olika underarterna identifieras genom olikheter i skelettet, pälsmönster och tandformler. Hos hanarna är även penisbenets utformning ett viktigt kännetecken, både för att identifiera underarter och för artbestämning.[10]
Arten föredrar klippiga habitat, i bergen gärna med växtlighet i form av gran, gultall, en, tallarter och ekar. Den kan förekomma både i fuktig vegetation längs vattendrag och i buskage i ökenliknande områden. I norra delen av sitt utbredningsområde kan den påträffas bland lönnarter, buskartade malörtsväxter och fetmållor, medan den i söder uppträder bland fuktkrävade medlemmar av bland andra smultronträdssläktet och mjölonsläktet. Arten är främst marklevande, men den kan klätta i klippor och ibland i växtlighet. Bona inrättas bland klippor, bergsspringor, underjordiska håligheter och i träd.[1] Arten avlägsnar sig sällan långt från boet.[10]
Arten är främst aktiv under morgon- och sena eftermiddagstimmarna, med en inaktivitetsperiod mitt på dagen. Den är en allätare med stark betoning på vegetabilier, som enbär, ekollon och frön, men kan även ta örter, småfåglar, ägg, insekter och andra leddjur. Födan tas i regel inte på större avstånd än 100 m från boet. Den kan samla mat i kindpåsarna och ta den till olika förråd.[10]
Själv utgör jordekorren föda åt amerikansk sparvhök, Cooperhök, sparvfalk, prärievarg, nordamerikansk grävling, långsvansad vessla, skallerormar och tamkatt.[10]
Litet är känt om artens fortplantning. Det förefaller som om flera hanar tävlar om en hona. Majoriteten av parningarna sker i mars, men kan förmodligen inträffa från januari till juni. Honan får en kull per år, som vanligen föds under april till juli. De 4 till 6 ungarna stannar i boet omkring en månad.[10]
Utbredningsområdet omfattar sydvästra USA och norra Mexiko från Idaho genom Arizonas bergstrakter till västra New Mexico i USA, samt från Sonora över västra Chihuahua (delstat) till nordöstra Sinaloa och nordvästra Durango i Mexiko.[1]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Tamias dorsalis.
Wikispecies har information om Tamias dorsalis.
Tamias dorsalis är en däggdjursart som beskrevs av Baird 1855. Den ingår i släktet jordekorrar och familjen ekorrar. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.
Tamias dorsalis là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Sóc, bộ Gặm nhấm. Loài này được Baird mô tả năm 1855.[2]
Tamias dorsalis là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Sóc, bộ Gặm nhấm. Loài này được Baird mô tả năm 1855.
절벽다람쥐(Neotamias dorsalis)는 다람쥐과에 속하는 설치류의 일종이다.[2] 작은 붓꼬리 형태의 다람쥐로 미국 서부와 멕시코의 피논-향나무 삼림 지대 가장 자리의 암반 절벽 또는 둥근돌 평원에 일반적으로 서식한다(애리조나주 북부와 콜로라도주에 주로 흩어져 분포한다.) 절벽다람쥐는 아주 민첩하고, 가파른 절벽을 기어오르는 모습을 볼 수 있다. 일반적인 다른 땅다람쥐가 하는 것처럼 몸에 지방을 축적하지 않는다. 추운 겨울 동안에 자주 먹는 먹이를 숨겨 둔다. 몸길이는 20~25cm로 다양하고 몸무게는 평균 70g 정도이다. 수명은 12.5년이다. 배 쪽 털은 갈색, 등 쪽은 회색을 띠며 얼굴에 흰 줄무늬가 있다.
절벽다람쥐(Neotamias dorsalis)는 다람쥐과에 속하는 설치류의 일종이다. 작은 붓꼬리 형태의 다람쥐로 미국 서부와 멕시코의 피논-향나무 삼림 지대 가장 자리의 암반 절벽 또는 둥근돌 평원에 일반적으로 서식한다(애리조나주 북부와 콜로라도주에 주로 흩어져 분포한다.) 절벽다람쥐는 아주 민첩하고, 가파른 절벽을 기어오르는 모습을 볼 수 있다. 일반적인 다른 땅다람쥐가 하는 것처럼 몸에 지방을 축적하지 않는다. 추운 겨울 동안에 자주 먹는 먹이를 숨겨 둔다. 몸길이는 20~25cm로 다양하고 몸무게는 평균 70g 정도이다. 수명은 12.5년이다. 배 쪽 털은 갈색, 등 쪽은 회색을 띠며 얼굴에 흰 줄무늬가 있다.
