Phellodon

Elbæk Skov, Horsens, Jylland, Danmark

Mushroom Observer Image 157183: Phellodon niger (Fr.) P. Karst.

Mushroom Observer Image 143293: Phellodon sinclairii (Berk.) G. Cunn.

Mushroom Observer Image 261160: Phellodon tomentosus (L.) Banker

Mushroom Observer Image 77644: Phellodon confluens (Pers.) Pouzar

Mushroom Observer Image 185841: Phellodon atratus K.A. Harrison

Elbæk Skov, Horsens, Jylland, Danmark

Mushroom Observer Image 496570: Phellodon niger (Fr.) P. Karst.

Mushroom Observer Image 30049: Phellodon melaleucus (Sw. ex Fr.) P. Karst.

Mushroom Observer Image 78941: Phellodon atratus K.A. Harrison

Elbæk Skov, Horsens, Jylland, Danmark

Nystrup Plantage, Thy, Danmark

Nystrup Plantage, Thy, Danmark

Hjørring Kommunes klitplantage, Rubjerg Knude, Nordjylland, Danmark

Hjørring Kommunes klitplantage, Rubjerg Knude, Nordjylland, Danmark

Hjørring Kommunes klitplantage, Rubjerg Knude, Nordjylland, Danmark

Hjørring Kommunes klitplantage, Rubjerg Knude, Nordjylland, Danmark

Slo.: rni plutozob - Habitat: young mixed forest on alluvial deposits of nearby mountain torrent, Fagus sylvatica and Picea abies dominant trees; slightly southeast inclined terrain, calcareous ground; relatively warm and dry place, in shade, partly protected from direct rain by tree canopies; average precipitations ~ 3.000 mm/year, average temperature 7-9 deg C, elevation 630 m (2.070 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: moss covered forest soil under Picea abies. - Comments: In Germany Phellodon niger has already disappeared from many historically known locations in and around industrial regions (Ref.:2.). The causes are acid precipitations, other airborne toxins and eutrophication of forest ground. The species is worldwide distributed but rarely common. It is generally in sharp decline and much endangered in Europe (Ref.:2). - About 20 pilei growing solitary and in groups of several partly confluent fruit bodies; pilei diameter 5 - 8.5 cm, spines are dense and from 2 to max 3 mm long; stipe is not well defined, interwoven with surrounding organic ground debris, about 1-2 cm in diameter and 1.5 cm long, tapering toward the base, looking like a thick root; taste mild, mushroomy, not bitter; smell indistinctive; flesh corky-woody, charcoal black; SP whitish-beige, oac851. - Spores coarsely warty. Dimensions:3,6 [4 ; 4,1] 4,5 x 3,1 [3,4 ; 3,6] 3,9 mm; Q = 1 [1,1 ; 1,2] 1,3; N = 30; C = 95%; Me = 4 x 3,5 mm; Qe = 1,2. Olympus CH20, NEA 100x/1.25, magnification 1.000 x, oil. AmScope MA500 digital camera. - Herbarium: Mycotheca and lichen herbarium (LJU-Li) of Slovenian Forestry Institute, Vena pot 2, Ljubljana, Index Herbariorum LJF - Ref.: (1) M. Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 312. (2) G.J. Krieglsteiner (Hrsg.), Die Grosspilze Baden-Wrttembergs, Band 1. Ulmer (2000), p 384. (3) S. Buczacki, Collins Fungi Guide, Collins (2012), p 472. (4) D. Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 629. (5) J. Breitenbach, F. Kraenzlin, Eds., Fungi of Switzerland, Vol.2. Verlag Mykologia (1986), p 228. (6) W. Rothmaler, Exkursionsflora von Deutschland, Vol.1, Niedere Pflanzen, Elsevier, 3.Auflage, (1994), p 349.

Hjørring Kommunes klitplantage, Rubjerg Knude, Nordjylland, Danmark

Slo.: blazinasti plutozob - Habitat: Young open mixed forest, predominately Picea abies, some Pinus.sp and Fagus sylvatica; grassy and mossy ground, quite humid ground, in half shade; no sun during winter months; nearly flat calcareous terrain, average precipitations ~3.000 mm/year, average temperature 6-8 deg C, elevation 830 m (2.700 feet), alpine phytogeographical region. - Substratum: soil next to roots of Picea abies. - Comments: Growing solitary, pileus diameter ~11 cm (4 inch); taste mild and tough, smell aromatic, spicy; SP white; spore dimensions: warty, 4.0 (SD = 0.3) x 3.8 (SD = 0.3) micr., Q = 1.05 (SD = 0.05), n = 30. Motic B2-211A, magnification 1.000 x, oil, in water. - Ref.: (1) M.Bon, Parey's Buch der Pilze, Kosmos (2005), p 312. (2) R.M. Daehncke, 1200 Pilze in Farbfotos, AT Verlag (2009), p 1046. (3) D.Arora, Mushrooms Demystified, Ten Speed Press, Berkeley (1986), p 628. (4) http://www.rogersmushrooms.com/gallery/DisplayBlock~bid~6611~source~gallerychooserresult.asp (5) Personal communication with Mr. Bojan Rot, www.gobenabovskem.si .

Hjørring Kommunes klitplantage, Rubjerg Knude, Nordjylland, Danmark

Hjørring Kommunes klitplantage, Rubjerg Knude, Nordjylland, Danmark

Skagen Klitplantage, Danmark

Skagen Klitplantage, Danmark