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Crocidura ( breton )

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Ar genad Crocidura a zo unan eus an nav genad a zo en iskerentiad minelled Crocidurinae. En tu-hont da 180 spesad a gaver en genad-se, da lavaret eo unan eus ar genadoù bronneged niverusañ.


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Crocidura ( catalan ; valencien )

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C. és un dels nou gèneres de la subfamília de musaranyes Crocidurinae[2] i comprèn el més extens nombre d'espècies de tots els gèneres de mamífers.[3]

Taxonomia

Referències

  1. uBio (anglès)
  2. The Taxonomicon (anglès)
  3. ZipCodeZoo (anglès)
  4. Discover Life (anglès)
  5. BioLib (anglès)
  6. Catalogue of Life (anglès)
  7. Dictionary of Common (Vernacular) Names (anglès)
  8. UNEP-WCMC Species Database (anglès)
  9. UICN (anglès)


Bibliografia

  • Don E. Wilson, DeeAnn M. Reeder (Hrsg.): Mammal Species of the World. 3. Ausgabe. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 2005. ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.
  • Murray Wrobel, 2007. Elsevier's dictionary of mammals: in Latin, English, German, French and Italian. Elsevier, 2007. ISBN 0444518770.
  • Ronald M. Nowak: Walker's Mammals of the World. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1999. ISBN 0-8018-5789-9.


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Crocidura: Brief Summary ( catalan ; valencien )

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Weißzahnspitzmäuse ( allemand )

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Die Gattung der Weißzahn- oder Wimperspitzmäuse (Crocidura) ist eine Säugetiergattung aus der Familie der Spitzmäuse (Soricidae). In einem weiteren Sinn wird diese Bezeichnung auf die Unterfamilie der Crocidurinae angewandt. Mit fast 220 Arten ist sie die artenreichste Säugetiergattung überhaupt, drei Arten (die Feldspitzmaus, die Hausspitzmaus und die Gartenspitzmaus) leben auch in Mitteleuropa.

Merkmale

Das Fell dieser Spitzmäuse ist dicht und seidig, es ist an der Oberseite braun, grau oder schwarz gefärbt, die Unterseite ist heller. Der Schwanz ist lang und wie der hintere Teil des Körpers mit Wimpern versehen. Die Krallen sind im Vergleich zu anderen Spitzmausarten kurz, die 28 Zähne sind weiß gefärbt. Diese Spitzmäuse erreichen Kopfrumpflängen von 4 bis 18 Zentimetern wozu noch 4 bis 11 Zentimeter Schwanz kommen. Das Gewicht variiert je nach Art von 3 bis 65 Gramm.

Verbreitung und Lebensraum

Weißzahnspitzmäuse sind auf die Alte Welt beschränkt, sie kommen in Eurasien und Afrika vor, die größte Artenvielfalt herrscht im zentralen Afrika. Sie bewohnen eine Vielzahl von Lebensräumen, beispielsweise Wälder und Grasländer, aber auch Felder und dringen manchmal in Gebäude ein.

Lebensweise

Wie alle Spitzmäuse ernähren sie sich vorwiegend von Wirbellosen (beispielsweise Insekten und Regenwürmern) und sind durch eine hohe Stoffwechselrate gekennzeichnet. So verzehren sie täglich nahezu ihr eigenes Körpergewicht an Nahrung. Sie sind sehr fruchtbar, einmal oder mehrmals pro Jahr kommen nach rund drei- bis vierwöchiger Tragzeit zwei bis zehn Jungtiere zur Welt.

Bedrohung

Vor allem einige Arten mit kleinem Verbreitungsgebiet sind bedroht. Unmittelbar vom Aussterben bedroht (critically endangered) sind laut IUCN C. dhofarensis, C. harenna, C. negrina, C. thomensis und C. wimmeri, hinzu kommt noch die auf der Weihnachtsinsel endemische Art C. trichura, die möglicherweise bereits ausgestorben ist. 15 Arten gelten als stark gefährdet (endangered) und 20 als gefährdet (vulnerable), für einige Arten fehlen aber genaue Daten.

Die Arten

Insgesamt werden fast 220 Arten unterschieden.[1] In Mitteleuropa leben drei Arten:

Vier weitere Arten, C. sicula (auf Sizilien), C. ichnusae (auf Sardinien), C. canariensis (auf den Kanarischen Inseln) und C. zimmermanni (auf Kreta) sind in Südeuropa heimisch. Die meisten Arten leben in Afrika (rund hundert Arten sind auf das zentrale oder südliche Afrika beschränkt) oder in Südostasien (wo es mehrere endemische Arten auf den Philippinen, Indonesien und den Andamanen und Nikobaren gibt). Die folgende Liste folgt Wilson & Reeder (2005) und gibt neue Entdeckungen wieder:

Weitere bisher unbeschriebene Arten lassen sich genetischen Untersuchungen zufolge auf einigen Inseln Südostasiens[15] sowie in Ostasien vermuten.[16]

Literatur

Einzelnachweise

  1. C. J. Burgin und K. He: Family Soricidae (shrews). In: Don E. Wilson und Russell A. Mittermeier (Hrsg.): Handbook of the Mammals of the World. Volume 8: Insectivores, Sloths and Colugos. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona 2018, S. 332–551 ISBN 978-84-16728-08-4
  2. a b Leonid A. Lavrenchenko, Leonid L. Voyta und Rainer Hutterer: Diversity of shrews in Ethiopia, with the description of two new species of Crocidura (Mammalia: Lipotyphla: Soricidae). Zootaxa 4196 (1), 2016, S. 38–60
  3. Heng Zhang, Guiyou Wu, Yanqing Wu, Jianfei Yao, Shuo You, Chencheng Wang, Feng Cheng, Jingjing Chen, Mingxia Tang, Chunlin Li und Baowei Zhang: A new species of the genus Crocidura from China based on molecular and morphological data (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae). Zoological Systematics 44 (4), 2019, S. 279–293, doi: 10.11865/zs.201927
  4. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Jacob A. Esselstyn, Anang S. Achmadi, Heru Handika, Mark T. Swanson, Thomas C. Giarla and Kevin C. Rowe. 2021. Fourteen New, Endemic Species of Shrew (Genus Crocidura) from Sulawesi Reveal a Spectacular Island Radiation. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 454(1); 1-108. DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090.454.1.1
  5. a b Rainer Hutterer: Records of shrews from Panay and Palawan, Philippines, with the description of two new species of Crocidura (Mammalia: Soricidae). Lynx n. s., 38, 2007, S. 5–20
  6. Jacob A. Esselstyn, Anang S. Achmadi, Heru Handika, Thomas C. Giarla und Kevin C. Rowe: A new climbing shrew from Sulawesi highlights the tangled taxonomy of an endemic radiation. Journal of Mammalogy 100 (6), 2019, S. 1713–1725, doi:10.1093/jmammal/gyz077
  7. Suyama Meegaskumbura, Madhava Meegaskumbura, Rohan Pethiyagoda, Kelum Manamendra-Arachchi und Christopher J. Schneider: Crocidura hikmiya, a new shrew (Mammalia: Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Sri Lanka. Zootaxa 1665, 2007, S. 19–30
  8. Liu Yang, Heng Zhang, Chenling Zhang, Jun Wu, Zhaocheng Wang, Chunlin Li und Baowei Zhang: A new species of the genus Crocidura (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) from Mount Huang, China. Zoological Systematics 45 (1), 2020, S. 1–14, doi:10.11865/zs.202001
  9. a b Adam Konečný, Rainer Hutterer, Yonas Meheretu und Josef Bryja: Two new species of Crocidura (Mammalia: Soricidae) from Ethiopia and updates on the Ethiopian shrew fauna. Journal of Vertebrate Biology 69 (2), 2020, S. 20064, doi:10.25225/jvb.20064
  10. a b c William T. Stanley, Rainer Hutterer, Thomas C. Giarla und Jacob A. Esselstyn: Phylogeny, phylogeography and geographical variation in the Crocidura monax (Soricidae) species complex from the montane islands of Tanzania, with descriptions of three new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 174, 2015, S. 185–215
  11. Manokaran Kamalakannan, Chandrakasan Sivaperuman, Shantanu Kundu, Govindarasu Gokulakrishnan, Chinnadurai Venkatraman und Kailash Chandra: Discovery of A New Mammal Species (Soricidae: Eulipotyphla) from Narcondam volcanic island, India. Scientific Reports 11, 2021, S. 9416, doi:10.1038/s41598-021-88859-4
  12. Alexei V. Abramov, Paulina D. Jenkins, Viatcheslav V. Rozhnov und Alexei A.Kalinin: Description of a new species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from the island of Phu Quoc, Vietnam. Mammalia 72, 2008, S. 269–272
  13. a b Paulina D. Jenkins, Alexei V. Abramov, Viatcheslav V. Rozhnov und Olga Makarova: Description of two new species of white-toothed shrews belonging to the genus Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) fromNgoc Linh Mountain, Vietnam. Zootaxa 1589, 2007, S. 57–68
  14. Terrence C. Demos, Anang S. Achmadi, Heru Handika, Maharadatunkamsi, Kevin C. Rowe und Jacob A.Esselstyn: A new species of shrew (Soricomorpha: Crocidura) from Java, Indonesia: possible character displacement despite interspecific gene flow. Journal of Mammalogy 98 (1), 2017, S. 183–193
  15. Terrence C. Demos, Anang S. Achmadi, Thomas C. Giarla, Heru Handika, Maharadatunkamsi, Kevin C. Rowe und Jacob A. Esselstyn: Local endemism and within-island diversification of shrews illustrate the importance of speciation inbuilding Sundaland mammal diversity. Molecular Ecology 25, 2016, S. 5158–5173
  16. Shunde Chen, Jiao Qing, Zhu Liu, Yang Liu, Mingkun Tang, Robert W. Murphy, Yingting Pu, Xuming Wang, Keyi Tang, Keji Guo, Xuelong Jiang und Shaoying Liu: Multilocus phylogeny and cryptic diversity of white-toothed shrews (Mammalia, Eulipotyphla, Crocidura) in China. BMC Evolutionary Biology 20, 2020, S. 29, doi:10.1186/s12862-020-1588-8
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Weißzahnspitzmäuse: Brief Summary ( allemand )

fourni par wikipedia DE

Die Gattung der Weißzahn- oder Wimperspitzmäuse (Crocidura) ist eine Säugetiergattung aus der Familie der Spitzmäuse (Soricidae). In einem weiteren Sinn wird diese Bezeichnung auf die Unterfamilie der Crocidurinae angewandt. Mit fast 220 Arten ist sie die artenreichste Säugetiergattung überhaupt, drei Arten (die Feldspitzmaus, die Hausspitzmaus und die Gartenspitzmaus) leben auch in Mitteleuropa.

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Oqtishlilar ( ouzbek )

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Oqtishlilar (Crocidura) - yerqazarlar oilasiga mansub hasharotxoʻr sut emizuvchilar urugʻi. Gavdasining uz. 4— 15 sm (dumi 4—10 sm), kalta yung , siyrak va uzunroq qil bilan qoplangan. Tishlarining koronkasi oq (nomishundan olingan), yuqori jagʻining har qaysisi yarmida 3 tadan bir uchli tishlari bor. 150 ga yaqin turi Afrika, Janubiy va Oʻrta Yevropa, Osiyo, jumladan, Oʻrta Osiyo va Qozogʻistonda tarqalgan. Oʻzbekistonda 2 turi: kichik O . Amudaryoning quyi oqimi, Zarafshon, Sirdaryo, Fargʻona, Surxondaryoda; oq qorinli O. Surxondaryo vodiysida uchraydi.[1]

Manbalar

  1. OʻzME. Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil

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Oqtishlilar: Brief Summary ( ouzbek )

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Oqtishlilar (Crocidura) - yerqazarlar oilasiga mansub hasharotxoʻr sut emizuvchilar urugʻi. Gavdasining uz. 4— 15 sm (dumi 4—10 sm), kalta yung , siyrak va uzunroq qil bilan qoplangan. Tishlarining koronkasi oq (nomishundan olingan), yuqori jagʻining har qaysisi yarmida 3 tadan bir uchli tishlari bor. 150 ga yaqin turi Afrika, Janubiy va Oʻrta Yevropa, Osiyo, jumladan, Oʻrta Osiyo va Qozogʻistonda tarqalgan. Oʻzbekistonda 2 turi: kichik O . Amudaryoning quyi oqimi, Zarafshon, Sirdaryo, Fargʻona, Surxondaryoda; oq qorinli O. Surxondaryo vodiysida uchraydi.

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Crocidura ( anglais )

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The genus Crocidura is one of nine genera of the shrew subfamily Crocidurinae. Members of the genus are commonly called white-toothed shrews or musk shrews, although both also apply to all of the species in the subfamily. With over 180 species, Crocidura contains the most species of any mammal genus.[3] The name Crocidura means "woolly tail", because the tail of Crocidura species are covered in short hairs interspersed with longer ones.[4]

They are found throughout all tropical and temperate regions of the Old World, from South Africa north to Europe, and east throughout Asia, as far east as the Malay Archipelago. One species, the possibly extinct Christmas Island shrew (C. trichura), also inhabited Christmas Island. They likely originated in Africa or Asia Minor during the Miocene, spread to Europe by the early Pliocene, and spread to eastern Asia and the Mediterranean by the Pleistocene.[5][6]

List of species

Extant species

*New species.[11][12][13][14][15]

Extinct species

Fossil species

A significant diversity of extinct Crocidura species is known from the early-mid Pleistocene of Morocco, but by the majority of these species went extinct between the Middle to Late Pleistocene boundary, and were replaced by modern species.[17] Indeterminate Crocidura remains are known from the Miocene-aged rocks in the Potwar Plateau of Pakistan, concurrent with fossils from the Shivalik Fossil Beds.[20]

Cultural significance

Crocidura shrews were embalmed in Ancient Egypt, being associated with the dark aspect of the god Horus. Many of these mummies have been uncovered during excavations at the Falcon Necropolis, providing important information about the former diversity of shrews in this area.[16]

References

  1. ^ Hutterer, R. (2005). "Genus Crocidura". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 224–255. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  2. ^ Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M., eds. (2005). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  3. ^ a b c d Jenkins, Paulina D.; Darrin P. Lunde & Clive B. Moncrieff (2009). "Descriptions of New Species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Mainland Southeast Asia, with Synopses of Previously Described Species and Remarks on Biogeography" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 331: 356–405. doi:10.1206/582-10.1. S2CID 84803490.
  4. ^ Palmer, T.S. Index generum mammalium : a list of the genera and families of mammals. p. 204.
  5. ^ "white-toothed shrew | mammal genus | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-02-20.
  6. ^ Rofes, Juan; Cuenca-Bescós, Gloria (2011-01-01). "Evolutionary history and biogeography of the genus Crocidura (Mammalia, Soricidae) in Europe, with emphasis on Crocidura kornfeldi". Mammalian Biology. 76 (1): 64–78. doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2009.12.001. ISSN 1616-5047.
  7. ^ Pskhun (2021-05-03). "Species New to Science: [Mammalogy • 2021] Crocidura narcondamica • A New Mammal Species (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) from Narcondam Volcanic Island, India". Species New to Science. Retrieved 2021-05-04.
  8. ^ Esselstyn, J.A.; Goodman, S.M. (2010). "New species of shrew (Soricidae: Crocidura) from Sibuyan Island, Philippines". Journal of Mammalogy. 91 (6): 1467–1472. doi:10.1644/10-MAMM-A-002.1.
  9. ^ Jenkins, P.; Abramov, A.; Bannikova, А.; Rozhnov, V. (2013). "Bones and genes: Resolution problems in three Vietnamese species of Crocidura (Mammalia, Soricomorpha, Soricidae) and the description of an additional new species". ZooKeys (313): 61–79. doi:10.3897/zookeys.313.4823. PMC 3701231. PMID 23840165.
  10. ^ Demos, T.C.; Achmadi, A.S.; Handika, H.; Maharadatunkamsi; Rowe, K.C.; Esselstyn, J.A. (2016). "A new species of shrew (Soricomorpha: Crocidura) from Java, Indonesia: possible character displacement despite interspecific gene flow". Journal of Mammalogy: gyw183. doi:10.1093/jmammal/gyw183.
  11. ^ Jenkins, P. D.; Abramov, A. V.; Rozhnov, V. V.; Makarova, O. V. (2007-09-19). "Description of two new species of white-toothed shrews belonging to the genus Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Ngoc Linh Mountain, Vietnam" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1589: 57–68. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.1589.1.5.
  12. ^ Lunde, D.P.; Musser, G.G. & Ziegler, T. (2004). "Description of a new species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae, Crocidurinae) from Ke Go Nature Reserve, Vietnam". Mammal Study. 29: 27–36. doi:10.3106/mammalstudy.29.27.
  13. ^ Meegaskumbura; et al. (2007-12-19). "Crocidura hikmiya, a new shrew (Mammalia: Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Sri Lanka" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1665: 19–30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2007-12-19.
  14. ^ Kamalakannan, Manokaran; Sivaperuman, Chandrakasan; Kundu, Shantanu; Gokulakrishnan, Govindarasu; Venkatraman, Chinnadurai; Chandra, Kailash (2021-05-03). "Discovery of a new mammal species (Soricidae: Eulipotyphla) from Narcondam volcanic island, India". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 9416. Bibcode:2021NatSR..11.9416K. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-88859-4. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 8093265. PMID 33941819.
  15. ^ Jacob A., Esselstyn; Anang S., Achmadi; Heru, Handika; Mark T., Swanson; Thomas C., Giarla; Kevin C., Rowe (2021-12-15). "Fourteen New, Endemic Species of Shrew (Genus Crocidura) from Sulawesi Reveal a Spectacular Island Radiation". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 454 (1): 1–108. doi:10.1206/0003-0090.454.1.1.
  16. ^ a b Woodman, Neal; Ikram, Salima; Rowland, Joanne (2021-04-07). "A new addition to the embalmed fauna of ancient Egypt: Güldenstaedt's White-toothed Shrew, Crocidura gueldenstaedtii (Pallas, 1811) (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae)". PLOS ONE. 16 (4): e0249377. Bibcode:2021PLoSO..1649377W. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0249377. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 8026016. PMID 33826664.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h Cornette, Raphaël; Stoetzel, Emmanuelle; Baylac, Michel; Moulin, Sibyle; Hutterer, Rainer; Nespoulet, Roland; El Hajraoui, Mohammed Abdeljalil; Denys, Christiane; Herrel, Anthony (2015-10-15). "Shrews of the genus Crocidura from El Harhoura 2 (Témara, Morocco): The contribution of broken specimens to the understanding of Late Pleistocene–Holocene palaeoenvironments in North Africa". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 436: 1–8. Bibcode:2015PPP...436....1C. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2015.06.020. ISSN 0031-0182.
  18. ^ Rofes, Juan; Cuenca-Bescós, Gloria (2011-01-01). "Evolutionary history and biogeography of the genus Crocidura (Mammalia, Soricidae) in Europe, with emphasis on Crocidura kornfeldi". Mammalian Biology. 76 (1): 64–78. doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2009.12.001. ISSN 1616-5047.
  19. ^ Mein, Pierre; Pickford, Martin (2006). "Late Miocene micromammals from the Lukeino Formation (6.1 to 5.8 Ma), Kenya". Publications de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon. 75 (4): 183–223. doi:10.3406/linly.2006.13628.
  20. ^ Flynn, Jacobs, Kimura, Taylor & Tomida (March 2020). "SIWALIK FOSSIL SORICIDAE: A CALIBRATION POINT FOR THE MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY OF SUNCUS". Paludicola. 12 (4): 247–258.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
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Crocidura: Brief Summary ( anglais )

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The genus Crocidura is one of nine genera of the shrew subfamily Crocidurinae. Members of the genus are commonly called white-toothed shrews or musk shrews, although both also apply to all of the species in the subfamily. With over 180 species, Crocidura contains the most species of any mammal genus. The name Crocidura means "woolly tail", because the tail of Crocidura species are covered in short hairs interspersed with longer ones.

They are found throughout all tropical and temperate regions of the Old World, from South Africa north to Europe, and east throughout Asia, as far east as the Malay Archipelago. One species, the possibly extinct Christmas Island shrew (C. trichura), also inhabited Christmas Island. They likely originated in Africa or Asia Minor during the Miocene, spread to Europe by the early Pliocene, and spread to eastern Asia and the Mediterranean by the Pleistocene.

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Crocidura ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Crocidura es un género de soricomorfos de la familia Soricidae que incluye a 190 especies de musarañas. Son nativas del Viejo Mundo.

Especies

Se reconocen las siguientes especies:

Referencias

  1. Esselstyn, J.A., Achmadi, A.S. & Maharadatunkamsi. 2014. A new species of shrew (Soricomorpha: Crocidura) from West Java, Indonesia. Journal of Mammalogy 95: 216-224.
  2. Demos, T. C., Achmadi, A. S., Giarla, T. C., Handika, H., Rowe, K. C., & Esselstyn, J. A. (2016). Local endemism and within‐island diversification of shrews illustrate the importance of speciation in building Sundaland mammal diversity. Molecular Ecology, 25(20), 5158-5173.
  3. a b Lavrenchenko, L.A., Voyta, L.L. & Hutterer, R. 2016. Diversity of shrews in Ethiopia, with the description of two new species of Crocidura (Mammalia: Lipotyphla: Soricidae). Zootaxa 4196(1): 38–60.
  4. a b c Jenkins, P.D., Lunde, D.P. & Moncrieff, C.B. 2009. Chapter 10. Descriptions of New Species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Mainland Southeast Asia, with Synopses of Previously Described Species and Remarks on Biogeography. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 331:356-405.
  5. Ceríaco, L.M.P.; Marques, M.P.; Jacquet, F.; Nicolas, V.; Colyn, M.; Denys, C. (2015). "Description of a new endemic species of shrew (Mammalia, Soricomorpha) from Príncipe Island (Gulf of Guinea)". Mammalia. [1]
  6. Meegaskumbura, S., Meegaskumbura, M., Pethiyagoda, R., Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Schneider, C.J. 2007. Crocidura hikmiya, a new shrew (Mammalia: Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Sri Lanka. Zootaxa 1665:19-30.
  7. Lunde, D.P., Musser, G.G. & Ziegler, T. 2004. Description of a new species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae, Crocidurinae) from Ke Go Nature Reserve, Vietnam. Mammal Study 29: 27-36.
  8. Rofes, J. y Cuenca-Bescós, C. (2010) «Evolutionary history and biogeography of the genus Crocidura (Mammalia, Soricidae) in Europe, with emphasis on Crocidura kornfeldi». Mammalian Biology, 76(1): 64-78. doi 10.1016/j.mambio.2009.12.001
  9. Kerbis Peterhans, Julian C., Michael H. Huhndorf, Andrew J. Plumptre, Rainer Hutterer, Prince Kaleme & Benjamin Ndara. 2013. Mammals, other than bats, from the Misotshi-Kabogo highlands (eastern Democratic Republic of Congo), with the description of two new species (Mammalia: Soricidae). Bonn zoological Bulletin 62 (2) pp. 203-219.
  10. a b c Stanley, W.T., Hutterer, R., Giarla, T.C. & Esselstyn, J.A. (2015). "Phylogeny, phylogeography and geographical variation in the Crocidura monax (Soricidae) species complex from the montane islands of Tanzania, with descriptions of three new species". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 174: 185–215.
  11. Esselstyn, J.A. & Goodman, S.M. 2010. New species of shrew (Soricidae: Crocidura) from Sibuyan Island, Philippines. Journal of Mammalogy 91:1467-1472.
  12. Jenkins, P.D., Abramov, A.V., Rozhnov, V.V. & Olsson, A. 2010. A new species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from southern Vietnam and north-eastern Cambodia. Zootaxa 2345:60-68.
  13. Abramov, A.V., Jenkins, P.D., Rozhnov, V.V. & Kalinin, A.A. 2008. Description of a new species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from the island of Phu Quoc, Vietnam. Mammalia 72:269-272.
  14. Jenkins, P.D., Abramov, A.V., Bannikova, A.A. & Rozhnov, V.V. 2013. Bones and genes: resolution problems in three Vietnamese species of Crocidura (Mammalia, Soricomorpha, Soricidae) and the description of an additional new species. ZooKeys 313: 61–79.
  15. a b Jenkins, P.D., Abramov, A.V., Rozhnov, V.V. & Makarova, O.V. 2007. Description of two new species of white-toothed shrews belonging to the genus Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Ngoc Linh Mountain, Vietnam. Zootaxa 1589:57-68.

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Crocidura: Brief Summary ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Crocidura es un género de soricomorfos de la familia Soricidae que incluye a 190 especies de musarañas. Son nativas del Viejo Mundo.

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Crocidura ( basque )

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Crocidura satitsuak biltzen dituen Soricidae familiako ugaztun genero bat da. 180 espezierekin, ugaztenen barruko generorik handiena da.

Espezieak

Erreferentziak

  1. a b c Jenkins, P.D., Lunde, D.P. & Moncrieff, C.B. 2009. Chapter 10. Descriptions of New Species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Mainland Southeast Asia, with Synopses of Previously Described Species and Remarks on Biogeography. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 331:356-405.
  2. [1]
  3. Meegaskumbura, S., Meegaskumbura, M., Pethiyagoda, R., Manamendra-Arachchi, K. & Schneider, C.J. 2007. Crocidura hikmiya, a new shrew (Mammalia: Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Sri Lanka. Zootaxa 1665:19-30.
  4. Rofes, J. y Cuenca-Bescós, C. (2010) «Evolutionary history and biogeography of the genus Crocidura (Mammalia, Soricidae) in Europe, with emphasis on Crocidura kornfeldi». Mammalian Biology, 76(1): 64-78. doi:10.1016/j.mambio.2009.12.001
  5. Kerbis Peterhans, Julian C., Michael H. Huhndorf, Andrew J. Plumptre, Rainer Hutterer, Prince Kaleme & Benjamin Ndara. 2013. Mammals, other than bats, from the Misotshi-Kabogo highlands (eastern Democratic Republic of Congo), with the description of two new species (Mammalia: Soricidae). Bonn zoological Bulletin 62 (2) pp. 203-219.
  6. Esselstyn, J.A. & Goodman, S.M. 2010. New species of shrew (Soricidae: Crocidura) from Sibuyan Island, Philippines. Journal of Mammalogy 91:1467-1472.
  7. Jenkins, P.D., Abramov, A.V., Rozhnov, V.V. & Olsson, A. 2010. A new species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from southern Vietnam and north-eastern Cambodia. Zootaxa 2345:60-68.
  8. Abramov, A.V., Jenkins, P.D., Rozhnov, V.V. & Kalinin, A.A. 2008. Description of a new species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from the island of Phu Quoc, Vietnam. Mammalia 72:269-272.
  9. Jenkins, P.D., Abramov, A.V., Bannikova, A.A. & Rozhnov, V.V. 2013. Bones and genes: resolution problems in three Vietnamese species of Crocidura (Mammalia, Soricomorpha, Soricidae) and the description of an additional new species. ZooKeys 313: 61–79.
  10. a b Jenkins, P.D., Abramov, A.V., Rozhnov, V.V. & Makarova, O.V. 2007. Description of two new species of white-toothed shrews belonging to the genus Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Ngoc Linh Mountain, Vietnam. Zootaxa 1589:57-68.

Kanpo lotura

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Crocidura: Brief Summary ( basque )

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Crocidura satitsuak biltzen dituen Soricidae familiako ugaztun genero bat da. 180 espezierekin, ugaztenen barruko generorik handiena da.

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Crocidura

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Crocidura est un genre rassemblant des insectivores de la famille des Soricidae. Ce genre de musaraignes à dents blanches[1] comprend de très nombreuses espèces appelées musaraignes ou crocidures.

Liste des espèces

Selon [réf. nécessaire] :

Notes et références

  1. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q et r (en) Murray Wrobel, 2007. Elsevier's dictionary of mammals: in Latin, English, German, French and Italian. Elsevier, 2007. (ISBN 0444518770), 9780444518774. 857 pages. Rechercher dans le document numérisé

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Crocidura: Brief Summary

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Crocidura est un genre rassemblant des insectivores de la famille des Soricidae. Ce genre de musaraignes à dents blanches comprend de très nombreuses espèces appelées musaraignes ou crocidures.

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Crocidura ( italien )

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Crocidura (Wagler, 1832) è un genere della famiglia dei Soricidi comunemente noti come crocidure.

Descrizione

Dimensioni

Al genere Crocidura appartengono mammiferi di piccole dimensioni, con lunghezza della testa e del corpo tra 40 e 180 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 40 e 110 mm e un peso fino a 65 g.[1]

Caratteristiche craniche e dentarie

Il cranio è allungato e schiacciato dorsalmente, è privo di arcate zigomatiche e presenta i denti completamente bianchi. La mandibola è allungata ed ha il ramo ascendente elevato. Gli incisivi interni superiori sono lunghi ed uncinati, presentano due dentellature e sono seguiti su ogni semi-arcata da tre denti unicuspidati, i quali sono piccoli. È presente un solo premolare superiore, che è di solito il più grande tra tutti i denti masticatori. I molari presentano la caratteristica disposizione delle cuspidi a W.

Sono caratterizzati dalla seguente formula dentaria:

3 1 1 3 3 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 Totale: 28 1.Incisivi; 2.Canini; 3.Premolari; 4.Molari;

Aspetto

L'aspetto è quello tipico di un toporagno, con il corpo snello. Le parti dorsali generalmente variano dal bruno-grigiastro al grigio con le parti ventrali solitamente più chiare. La testa è allungata, il muso è appuntito, densamente cosparso di lunghe vibrisse e costantemente in movimento. Il naso è semplice, diviso in due da un solco verticale che passa tra le due narici. Gli occhi sono piccoli ma visibili, le orecchie sono ridotte ed arrotondate con una complessa struttura di pieghe e rientranze nella superficie interna. Le zampe hanno cinque dita, tutte fornite di piccoli artigli. La coda è affusolata, solitamente più tozza alla base ed è ricoperta di piccole setole e cosparsa di lunghi peli chiari. Quest'ultima caratteristica è unica tra tutti i toporagni e la loro quantità è utile per distinguere le varie specie. Alcune forme hanno un odore forte e pungente prodotto da numerose ghiandole situate sui fianchi e sulla coda.

Biologia

Un comportamento comune a molte specie del genere Crocidura (presente anche nel genere Suncus) è il cosiddetto caravanning. Si tratta di una peculiare interazione genitore/prole messa in atto quando un nido è disturbato, o semplicemente quando i giovani iniziano a uscire dal nido ma non sono ancora del tutto indipendenti. La madre ed i cuccioli si dispongono in fila indiana, con il primo dei cuccioli aggrappato alla groppa della madre ed i successivi ciascuno aggrappato alla groppa del precedente, a formare una catena che si muove solidalmente, seguendo gli spostamenti della madre[2][3][4].

Distribuzione e habitat

Sono toporagni principalmente terricoli e talvolta parzialmente arboricoli diffusi in tutto il vecchio mondo, dall'Europa e l'Africa attraverso l'Asia fino al Giappone e in Indonesia all'isola di Sulawesi.

Tassonomia

Il genere comprende 197 specie ed è attualmente quello con il più alto numero tra tutti i mammiferi.[5]

Note

  1. ^ Novak, 1999.
  2. ^ Lesser white-toothed shrew - Crocidura suaveolens, su Wildsreen ARKive. URL consultato il 17 settembre 2014 (archiviato dall'url originale il 24 luglio 2008).
  3. ^ Crocidurinae: Caravanning Behaviour, su The Shrew Photo Gallery. URL consultato il 17 settembre 2014 (archiviato dall'url originale il 29 giugno 2015).
  4. ^ Crocidura suaveolens chain behavior, su Siberian Zoological Museum Web Site. URL consultato il 17 settembre 2014 (archiviato dall'url originale il 10 marzo 2016).
  5. ^ (EN) D.E. Wilson e D.M. Reeder, Crocidura, in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3ª ed., Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.

Bibliografia

  • Ronald M. Novak, Walker's Mammals of the World, 6th edition, Johns Hopkins University Press, 1999. ISBN 9780801857898
  • Meredith & David C.D.Happold, Mammals of Africa. Volume IV-Hedgehogs, Shrews and Bats, Bloomsbury, 2013. ISBN 9781408122549

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Crocidura: Brief Summary ( italien )

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Crocidura (Wagler, 1832) è un genere della famiglia dei Soricidi comunemente noti come crocidure.

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Baltadančiai kirstukai ( lituanien )

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Baltadančiai kirstukai (Crocidura) – kirstukinių (Soricidae) šeimos žinduolių gentis.

Paplitę Eurazijoje ir Afrikoje.

Gentyje yra apie 150 rūšių:

ir kt.

 src=
Mažasis baltadantis kirstukas (Crocidura suaveolens)


Vikiteka

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Crocidura ( néerlandais ; flamand )

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Crocidura is een geslacht binnen de familie van de spitsmuizen. Door de enorme grootte van het geslacht is lang gedacht dat het polyfyletisch zou blijken te zijn, maar een fylogenetische analyse heeft aangetoond dat Crocidura grotendeels monofyletisch is.[1] Het verwante geslacht Paracrocidura is echter mogelijk niet als apart geslacht vol te houden, aangezien het in die studie midden in Crocidura terechtkwam.

Verspreiding

Met 179 soorten, merendeels in Afrika, is het het grootste geslacht van de zoogdieren. Het geslacht komt ook voor in Azië en Europa. In Zuidoost-Azië komt het zuidelijk voor tot Christmaseiland, Timor, Celebes en de Filipijnen. Op de Molukken zijn een aantal geïntroduceerde soorten aanwezig.

Fossiele soorten

Enkele voorbeelden van fossiele soorten zijn Crocidura kornfeldi, Crocidura praeglacialis en Crocidura taungensis.

Soorten

Het geslacht omvat de volgende soorten:

Literatuur

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Crocidura: Brief Summary ( néerlandais ; flamand )

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Crocidura is een geslacht binnen de familie van de spitsmuizen. Door de enorme grootte van het geslacht is lang gedacht dat het polyfyletisch zou blijken te zijn, maar een fylogenetische analyse heeft aangetoond dat Crocidura grotendeels monofyletisch is. Het verwante geslacht Paracrocidura is echter mogelijk niet als apart geslacht vol te houden, aangezien het in die studie midden in Crocidura terechtkwam.

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Crocidura ( norvégien )

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Crocidura (ullhalespissmus) er ei meget tallrik slekt i spissmusfamilien (Soricidae). Slekten sorterer i underfamilien hvittannspissmus (Crocidurinae) og teller mer enn 180 arter, men det er uklart om alle de 196 artene som listes opp i inndelingen under har full artsstatus. Hvittannspissmus karakteriseres av sine hvite pigmentløse tenner, i motsetning til arter av rødtannspissmus (Soricinae).

Betegnelsen ullhalespissmus er en tilnærmet direkte oversettelse av det vitenskapelige slektsnavnet, som fritt oversatt betyr ullen hale og refererer til disse artenes karakteristiske todelte hårlag på halen (med vekselvis korte og lange hår om hverandre).[1]

Typearten er C. leucodon, som ble beskrevet av Johann Hermann i 1780. Kun én art er kjent i Norge, og den er nylig (2017) oppdaget her; hagespissmus (C. suaveolens). Alle andre spissmusarter i Norge tilhører gruppen med rødtannspissmus.

Inndeling

Inndelingen følger i hovedsak Mammal Species of the World og er i henhold til Wilson & Reeder (2005).[2] Norske beskrivelser i parentes er ikke offisielle navn på artene.

Treliste

Referanser

  1. ^ Palmer, T.S. (1904) Index generum mammalium : a list of the genera and families of mammals. p. 204. Washington, Govt. Print. Off.,1904.
  2. ^ Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (2005). «Crocidura suaveolens». Mammal Species of the World, A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press. Besøkt 25. august 2017.
  3. ^ Beck, Robin MD; Bininda-Emonds, Olaf RP; Cardillo, Marcel; Liu, Fu-Guo Robert; Purvis, Andy (2006). «A higher level MRP supertree of placental mammals». BMC Evolutionary Biology (Vol. 6): 93. PMC 1654192Åpent tilgjengelig. PMID 17101039. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-6-93. Besøkt 17. juli 2016.CS1-vedlikehold: Flere navn: forfatterliste (link)

Eksterne lenker


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Crocidura: Brief Summary ( norvégien )

fourni par wikipedia NO

Crocidura (ullhalespissmus) er ei meget tallrik slekt i spissmusfamilien (Soricidae). Slekten sorterer i underfamilien hvittannspissmus (Crocidurinae) og teller mer enn 180 arter, men det er uklart om alle de 196 artene som listes opp i inndelingen under har full artsstatus. Hvittannspissmus karakteriseres av sine hvite pigmentløse tenner, i motsetning til arter av rødtannspissmus (Soricinae).

Betegnelsen ullhalespissmus er en tilnærmet direkte oversettelse av det vitenskapelige slektsnavnet, som fritt oversatt betyr ullen hale og refererer til disse artenes karakteristiske todelte hårlag på halen (med vekselvis korte og lange hår om hverandre).

Typearten er C. leucodon, som ble beskrevet av Johann Hermann i 1780. Kun én art er kjent i Norge, og den er nylig (2017) oppdaget her; hagespissmus (C. suaveolens). Alle andre spissmusarter i Norge tilhører gruppen med rødtannspissmus.

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Zębiełek ( polonais )

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Commons Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Zębiełek[12] (Crocidura) – rodzaj ssaka owadożernego z rodziny ryjówkowatych (Soricidae).

Występowanie

Rodzaj obejmuje gatunki występujące w Europie, Azji i Afryce.

Morfologia

W uzębieniu przedstawicieli tego rodzaju występuje 28 zębów o białych koronach.

Wzór zębowy I C P M 28 = 3 1 1 3 2 0 1 3

Systematyka

Nazewnictwo

Nazwa rodzajowa jest połączeniem słów z języka greckiego: κροκίς lub κροκός krokos – „kosmyk wełny, przędza” oraz ουρα oura – „ogon”[13].

Podział systematyczny

Do rodzaju należą następujące gatunki[12][14]:

Zobacz też

Uwagi

  1. Greckie ῥις rhis, ῥινος rhinos – „nos, nozdrza”; μύς mys – „mysz”.
  2. Greckie λευκος leukos – „biały”; οδους odous, οδων odōn – „ząb”.
  3. Greckie παύρος pauros – „mały”; οδους odous, οδων odōn – „ząb”.
  4. Greckie ἡλιος hēlios – „słońce”; łacińskie sorex – „ryjówka”.
  5. Łacińskie prae – „z przodu”; sorex – „ryjówka”.
  6. Łacińskie Afer, Afra – „afrykański”; sorex – „ryjówka”.

Przypisy

  1. Crocidura, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. J. G. Wagler. Mittheilungen über einige merkwürdige Thiere. „Isis von Oken”. 25, s. kol. 275, 1832 (niem.).
  3. Palmer 1904 ↓, s. 606.
  4. A. Murray. Contributions to the Fauna of Old Catahar — Mammals. „Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society of Edinburgh”. 2, s. 159, 1859-1862 (ang.).
  5. Palmer 1904 ↓, s. 374.
  6. V. Fatio: Faune des vertébrés de la Suisse. Cz. 1. Genewa: Bale: H. Georg, 1869, s. 132. (fr.)
  7. Palmer 1904 ↓, s. 517.
  8. F. E. Schulze. „Mamm. Europaea in Helios, Abhandl. und Vortruge aus Gesammtgebiete Naturwiss”. 14, s. 90, 1897 (niem.).
  9. E. Heller. New species of insectivores from British East Africa, Uganda, And The Sudan. „Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections”. 56 (15), s. 6, 1912 (ang.).
  10. O. Thomas. On African bats and shrews. „The Annals and Magazine of Natural History”. Eight Series. 11, s. 320, 1913 (ang.).
  11. R. Hutterer. African shrews allied to Crocidura fischeri: Taxonomy, distribution and relationships. „Cimbebasia”. Serie A. 8 (4), s. 26, 1986 (ang.).
  12. a b Systematyka i nazwy polskie za: Włodzimierz Cichocki, Agnieszka Ważna, Jan Cichocki, Ewa Rajska, Artur Jasiński, Wiesław Bogdanowicz: Polskie nazewnictwo ssaków świata. Warszawa: Muzeum i Instytut Zoologii PAN, 2015, s. 63-67. ISBN 978-83-88147-15-9.
  13. Palmer 1904 ↓, s. 204.
  14. Wilson Don E. & Reeder DeeAnn M. (red.) Crocidura. w: Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (Wyd. 3.) [on-line]. Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. (ang.) [dostęp 2015-08-04]
  15. Paulina D. Jenkins, Darrin P. Lunde, Clive B. Moncrieff. Descriptions of New Species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Mainland Southeast Asia, with Synopses of Previously Described Species and Remarks on Biogeography. „Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History”. 331, s. 356–405, 2009. DOI: 10.1206/582-10.1 (ang.).
  16. S. Meegaskumbura, M. Meegaskumbura, R. Pethiyagoda, K. Manamendra-Arachchi i Ch.J. Schneider. Crocidura hikmiya, a new shrew (Mammalia: Soricomorpha: Soricidae)from Sri Lanka. „Zootaxa”. 1665, s. 19–30, 2007 (ang.).
  17. D. P. Lunde, G. G. Musser i T. Ziegler. Description of a new species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae, Crocidurinae) from Ke Go Nature Reserve, Vietnam. „Mammal Study”. 29 (1), s. 27–36, 2004. DOI: 10.3106/mammalstudy.29.27 (ang.).
  18. Julian C. Kerbis Peterhans, Michael H. Huhndorf, Andrew J. Plumptre, Rainer Hutterer, Prince Kaleme, Benjamin Ndara. Mammals, other than bats, from the Misotshi - Kabogo highlands (eastern Democratic Republic of Congo), with the description of two new species (Mammalia: Soricidae). „Bonn zoological Bulletin”. 62 (2), s. 203-219, 2013 (ang.).
  19. Jacob A. Esselstyn, Steven M. Goodman. New species of shrew (Soricidae: Crocidura) from Sibuyan Island, Philippines. „Journal of Mammalogy”. 91 (6), s. 1467-1472, 2010. DOI: 10.1644/10-MAMM-A-002.1 (ang.).
  20. Paulina D. Jenkins, Alexie V. Abramov, Viatcheslav V. Rozhnov & Annette Olsson. A new species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from southern Vietnam and north-eastern Cambodia. „Zootaxa”. 2345, s. 60–68, 2010 (ang.).
  21. Alexei V. Abramov, Paulina D. Jenkins, Viatcheslav V. Rozhnov, Alexei A.Kalinin. Description of a new species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from the island of Phu Quoc, Vietnam. „Mammalia”. 72, s. 269-272, 2008. DOI: 10.1515/MAMM.2008.033 (ang.).
  22. a b P. D. Jenkins, A. V. Abramov, V. V. Rozhnov i O. V. Makarova. Description of two new species of white-toothed shrews belonging to the genus Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Ngoc Linh Mountain, Vietnam. „Zootaxa”. 1589, s. 57–68, 2007 (ang.).

Bibliografia

  1. T. S. Palmer: Index Generum Mammalium: a List of the Genera and Families of Mammals. Waszyngton: Government Printing Office, 1904, s. 71-718, seria: North American Fauna. (ang.)
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Zębiełek: Brief Summary ( polonais )

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Zębiełek (Crocidura) – rodzaj ssaka owadożernego z rodziny ryjówkowatych (Soricidae).

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Crocidura ( portugais )

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Crocidura é um gênero mamífero da família Soricidae.

Espécies

Referências

  • HUTTERER, R. Order Soricomorpha. In: WILSON, D. E.; REEDER, D. M. (Eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. 3. ed. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005. v. 1, p. 220-311.
  • LUNDE, D. P., MUSSER, G. G. , ZIEGLER, T. (2005). Description of a new species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae, Crocidurinae) from Ke Go Nature Reserve, Vietnam. Mammal Study 29: 27-36.
  • JENKINS, P. D., ABRAMOV, A. V., ROZHNOV, V. V., MAKAROVA, O. V. (2007). Description of two new species of white-toothed shrews belonging to the genus Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Ngoc Linh Mountain, Vietnam. Zootaxa 1589: 57-68.
  • MEEGASKUMBURA, S., MEEGASKUMBURA, M., PETHIYAGODA, R., MANAMENDRA-ARACHCHI, K., SCHNEIDER, C. J. (2007). Crocidura hikmiya, a new shrew (Mammalia: Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Sri Lanka. Zootaxa 1665: 19-30.
  • ABRAMOV, A. V.; JENKINS, P. D.; ROZHNOV, V. V.; KALININ, A. A. (2008). Description of a new species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from the island of Phu Quoc, Vietnam. Mammalia 72 (4): 269–272.
  1. «Reserva Especial do Bilene». docplayer.com.br. Consultado em 19 de outubro de 2016
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Crocidura: Brief Summary ( portugais )

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Crocidura é um gênero mamífero da família Soricidae.

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Crocidura ( suédois )

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Crocidura är ett släkte i familjen näbbmöss. Med omkring 170 arter är släktet ett av de artrikaste av alla däggdjur. Medlemmar av släktet förekommer i Eurasien och Afrika.

Kännetecken

Pälsen är tät och len. Färgen är på ovansidan brun, grå eller svart och på undersidan ibland ljusare. Vid den långa svansen och vid kroppens bakre delar finns fransiga långa hår. Några arter har dessutom korta borstar på svansen. Dessa näbbmöss når en kroppslängd mellan 4 och 18 centimeter och därtill kommer en 4 till 11 centimeter lång svans. Vikten varierar mellan 3 och 65 gram.[1]

Klorna är jämförd med andra näbbmöss korta.

De har 28 tänder med vit tandemalj. På varje sida av överkäken förekommer, förutom framtänder och kindtänder, tre enkla tänder med en spets (istället för en hörntand). Tandformeln är I 1/1, enkla tänder eller hörntand 3/1, P 1/1, M 3/3. För att bestämma arten behövs oftast mätningar av skallens detaljer samt genetiska undersökningar.[2]

Hos de flesta släktmedlemmarna är svansen nära bålen tjock och den blir fram till slutet smalare. På svansen förekommer oftast några glest fördelade styva hår och några längre hår. Arterna har fem fingrar och fem tår som alla är utrustade med klor.[3]

Utbredning och habitat

Crocidura lever bara i gamla världen i Eurasien och Afrika. De flesta arterna förekommer i centrala Afrika. De vistas i olika habitat, bland annat skogar, gräsmarker och odlade regioner. Vissa arter uppsöker människans byggnader.

I Centraleuropa förekommer fältnäbbmus, trädgårdsnäbbmus och husnäbbmus.

Levnadssätt

Liksom hos andra näbbmöss utgörs födan främst av ryggradslösa djur (daggmaskar, insekter) och arterna kännetecknas av en hög ämnesomsättning. Ofta äter de per dag föda som motsvarar den egna kroppsvikten. Arterna livnär sig även av groddjur och ödlor. Individer i fångenskap matades framgångsrik med kadaver av olika djur.[1] Honor kan para sig en eller flera gånger per år och efter dräktigheten som varar tre till fyra veckor föds 1 till 10 ungar per kull.[1] Nyfödda ungar är nakna och blinda. De öppnar sina ögon efter cirka 13 dagar, har päls efter ungefär 16 dagar och diar sin mor cirka 20 dagar. Könsmognaden infaller efter två till tre månader. Ungdjur av olika arter bildar med sin mor en procession när de vandrar. Enstaka exemplar kan leva fyra år.[1]

Släktets arter vistas främst på marken och vissa kan klättra i växtligheten. De lever inte underjordisk och de undviker vattendrag samt dammar.[3] För att vila kan de gräva en jordhåla eller de använder bon som skapades av andra djur som gnagare. En annan variant av sovplats byggs av kvistar och blad.[1]

Vuxna individer är allmänt aggressiva mot varandra men hos europeiska arter kan under vintern mindre flockar förekomma.[1]

Hot

Hotad är främst arter med ett mindre utbredningsområde. IUCN listar 5 till 6 arter som akut hotade (critically endangered), cirka 15 arter som stark hotade (endangered) och ungefär 20 arter som sårbar (vulnerable). För flera arter saknas informationer om populationens storlek.

Arten C. trichura som är endemiskJulön är kanske redan utdöd.

Referenser

Den här artikeln är helt eller delvis baserad på material från tyskspråkiga Wikipedia, 8 augusti 2010. med följande källor:

Noter

  1. ^ [a b c d e f] Nowak, R. M. (1999) sid.218-222, Crocidura
  2. ^ Robert S. Hoffmann, Darrin Lunde: Crocidura. In: Andrew T. Smith, Yan Xie: A Guide to the Mammals of China. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 2008, ISBN 978-0-691-09984-2, p. 298.
  3. ^ [a b] Kingdon, Jonathan (2013). Crocidura (på engelska). Mammals of Africa. "4". A & C Black. sid. 54. ISBN 9781408122549

Externa länkar

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Crocidura: Brief Summary ( suédois )

fourni par wikipedia SV

Crocidura är ett släkte i familjen näbbmöss. Med omkring 170 arter är släktet ett av de artrikaste av alla däggdjur. Medlemmar av släktet förekommer i Eurasien och Afrika.

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Білозубка ( ukrainien )

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Систематика, відмінності

 src=
Білозубка

Білозубка є центральних родом підродини білозубкових («білозубих землерийок») (Crocidurinae).

Відомо близько 100 видів, в Україні — два види:

Від «бурозубок»мідиць і рясоніжок — білозубки відрізняться білими (непігментованими) коронками зубів, розвиненими вушницями і наявністю обрідних довгих волосин на хвості.

Фізичні характеристики

Хутро щільне і шовковисте, коричневого, сірого або чорного кольору у зверху; низ світліший. Кігті короткі в порівнянні з іншими видами родини. Зубна формула: (i 3/2, c 1/0, p 1/1, m 3/3)•2=28. Вага в залежності від виду знаходиться в межах 3-65 грам.

Поширення, біологія

Білозубки — південні тварини, поширені переважно в Африці і на півдні Євразії. Вони населяють різні місця проживання, такі як ліси і луки, але також поля, а іноді вторгаються в будівлі.

Білозубка двічі на рік народжують по 3—10 малят. Вагітність: три-чотири тижні. Активні протягом цілого року, живляться переважно комахами. При нагоді легко справляються з дрібними хребетними, демонструючи свій надзвичайно хижий характер. В умовах неволі легко долають таких жертв, як мишенята, малі пташенята, ящірки. Характеризуються високою швидкістю метаболізму і споживають їжі майже власної ваги тіла за день.

Викопні рештки білозубки відомі, починаючи з середнього міоцену Європи.

Види

Види яких нема в базі МСОП

Джерела

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Crocidura ( vietnamien )

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Crocidura là một chi động vật có vú trong họ Chuột chù, bộ Soricomorpha. Chi này được Wagler miêu tả năm 1832.[1] Tên thông dụng của chúng thường là chuột chù chân trắng hoặc chuột xạ.

Các loài

Chi này gồm các loài:

*Loài mới.[5]
**Loài mới.[6]
***Loài mới.[7]

Hình ảnh

Chú thích

  1. ^ a ă Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. biên tập (2005). “Crocidura”. Mammal Species of the World . Baltimore: Nhà in Đại học Johns Hopkins, 2 tập (2.142 trang). ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
  2. ^ a ă â Descriptions of New Species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Mainland Đông Nam Á, with Synopses of Previously Described Species and Remarks on Biogeography [1]
  3. ^ Esselstyn, J.A. & Goodman, S.M. (2010). “New species of shrew (Soricidae: Crocidura]] - from Sibuyan Island, Philippines”. Journal of Mammalogy 91 (6): 1467–1472. doi:10.1644/10-MAMM-A-002.1.
  4. ^ doi:10.3897/zookeys.313.4823
    Hoàn thành chú thích này
  5. ^ Jenkins, P. D., Abramov, A. V., Rozhnov, V. V., Makarova, O. V. (ngày 19 tháng 9 năm 2007). “Description of two new species of white-toothed shrews belonging to the genus Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Ngoc Linh Mountain, Vietnam” (PDF). Zootaxa 1589: 57–68.
  6. ^ Lunde, D.P., Musser, G.G. & Ziegler, T. (2004). “Description of a new species of Crocidura (Soricomorpha: Soricidae, Crocidurinae) from Ke Go Nature Reserve, Vietnam”. Mammal Study 29: 27–36. doi:10.3106/mammalstudy.29.27.
  7. ^ Meegaskumbura và đồng nghiệp (ngày 19 tháng 12 năm 2007). Crocidura hikmiya, a new shrew (Mammalia: Soricomorpha: Soricidae) from Sri Lanka” (PDF). Zootaxa 1665: 19–30. Bảo trì CS1: Định rõ "và đồng nghiệp" (link)

Tham khảo

 src= Wikimedia Commons có thư viện hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Crocidura


Hình tượng sơ khai Bài viết liên quan đến họ Chuột chù này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn.
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Crocidura: Brief Summary ( vietnamien )

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Crocidura là một chi động vật có vú trong họ Chuột chù, bộ Soricomorpha. Chi này được Wagler miêu tả năm 1832. Tên thông dụng của chúng thường là chuột chù chân trắng hoặc chuột xạ.

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Белозубки ( russe )

fourni par wikipedia русскую Википедию

Белозубки (лат. Crocidura) — род млекопитающих подсемейства белозубочьи семейства землеройковые. Насчитывает 179 видов, и потому является самым многочисленным из родов млекопитающих.

Виды

Русские названия приведены по словарю Соколова:[2]

Примечания

Логотип Викисловаря
В Викисловаре есть статья «белозубка»
  1. Wilson D. E. & Reeder D. M. (eds). Mammal Species of the World. — 3rd ed. — Johns Hopkins University Press[en], 2005. — Vol. 1. — P. 743. — ISBN 0-8018-8221-4. OCLC 62265494.
  2. Соколов В. Е. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Млекопитающие. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский. / под общей редакцией акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Рус. яз., 1984. — С. 33—36. — 10 000 экз.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 Полная иллюстрированная энциклопедия. «Млекопитающие» Кн. 2 = The New Encyclopedia of Mammals / под ред. Д. Макдональда. — М.: Омега, 2007. — С. 437—438. — 3000 экз.ISBN 978-5-465-01346-8.
  4. Соколов В. Е. Редкие и исчезающие животные. Млекопитающие : Справ. пособие. — М. : Высшая школа, 1986. — С. 18. — 519 с., [24] л. ил. — 100 000 экз.
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Белозубки: Brief Summary ( russe )

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 src= Crocidura sapaensis

Белозубки (лат. Crocidura) — род млекопитающих подсемейства белозубочьи семейства землеройковые. Насчитывает 179 видов, и потому является самым многочисленным из родов млекопитающих.

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麝鼩屬 ( chinois )

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模式種 白齒麝鼩 Sorex leucodon
Hermann, 1780

見內文

麝鼩屬Crocidura),也簡稱灰麝鼩哺乳綱鼩鼱目鼩鼱科的一屬,而與其同科的動物尚有斑麝鼩屬(斑麝鼩)、長爪鼩屬(長爪鼩)、鼠鼩屬(波爾鼠鼩鼱)等之數種哺乳動物。連同自2004年新增的四種新種,麝鼩屬目前共有175種,是所有哺乳動物中最多種的一屬。

小作品圖示这是一篇與哺乳动物相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。
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麝鼩屬: Brief Summary ( chinois )

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땃쥐속 ( coréen )

fourni par wikipedia 한국어 위키백과

땃쥐속(Crocidura)은 흰이땃쥐아과에 속하는 9개의 땃쥐류 속의 하나이다.[1] 포유류 속 중에서 가장 많은 종을 포함하고 있다.

하위 종

각주

  1. Hutterer, R. (2005). 〈FAMILY Soricidae〉 [땃쥐과]. Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. 《Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference》 (영어) 3판. 존스 홉킨스 대학교 출판사. 223–300쪽. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
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