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Comprehensive Description ( anglais )

fourni par North American Flora
Valota insularis (L.) Chase, Proc. Biol. Soc
Wash. 19 : 188. 1906.
Andropogon insularis L,. Syst. Nat. ed. 10. 1304. 1759.
Panicum lanatum Rottb. Acta Lit. Univ. Haf n. 1 : 269. 1778.
Milium villosum Sw. Prodr. 24. 1788.
Panicum leucophaeum H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1 : 97. 1815.
Trichachne insularis Nees, Agrost. Bras. 86. 1829.
PanicumDuchaissingii Steud. Syn. Gram. 93. 1854.
Tricholaena insularis Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 557. 1864.
Syntherisma insulare Millsp. Field Columb. Mus. Publ. Bot. 1 : 473. 1902.
Stems up to 1 m. tall or more, smooth and glabrous; leaf -sheaths overlapping, at least below, glabrous or pubescent; blades up to 3 dm. long and 2 cm. wide, glabrous; panicle up to 4 dm. long, narrow, its usually numerous branches erect; spikelets 4-4.5 mm. long, exclusive of the long hairs, lanceolate, the first scale minute, the second and third scales 5-nerved, pubescent with very long rusty hairs, the second scale about as long as the fruiting scale, the third exceeding it, the fruiting scale chestnut-brown, lanceolate, with a long-acuminate green tip.
Type locality : Jamaica.
Distribution : Florida*and Texas, and in tropical America.
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citation bibliographique
George Valentine Nash. 1912. (POALES); POACEAE (pars). North American flora. vol 17(2). New York Botanical Garden, New York, NY
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North American Flora

Physical Description ( anglais )

fourni par USDA PLANTS text
Perennials, Terrestr ial, not aquatic, Rhizomes present, Stolons or runners present, Stems nodes swollen or brittle, Stems erect or ascending, Stems caespitose, tufted, or clustered, Stems terete, round in cross section, or polygonal, Stem internodes hollow, Stems with inflorescence less than 1 m tall, Stems, culms, or scapes exceeding basal leaves, Leaves mostly cauline, Leaves conspicuously 2-ranked, distichous, Leaves sheathing at base, Leaf sheath mostly open, or loose, Leaf sheath hairy, hispid or prickly, Leaf sheath and blade differentiated, Leaf blades linear, Leaf blades 2-10 mm wide, Leaf blades mostly flat, Leaf blades mostly glabrous, Ligule present, Ligule an unfringed eciliate membrane, Inflorescence terminal, Inflorescence solitary, with 1 spike, fascicle, glomerule, head, or cluster per stem or culm, Inflorescence a panicle with digitately arranged spicate branches, Inflorescence branches more than 10 to numerous, Inflorescence branches 1-sided, Lower panicle branches whorled, R achis angular, Flowers bisexual, Spikelets pedicellate, Spikelets dorsally compressed or terete, Spikelet less than 3 mm wide, Spikelets with 1 fertile floret, Spikelets with 2 florets, Spikelet with 1 fertile floret and 1-2 sterile florets, Spikelets paired at rachis nodes, Spikelets all alike and fertille, Spikelets bisexual, Spikelets disarticulating below the glumes, Spikelets secund, in rows on one side of rachis, Rachilla or pedicel glabrous, Glumes present, empty bracts, Glumes 1 clearly present, the other greatly reduced or absent, Glumes 2 clearly present, Glumes distinctly unequal, Glumes equal to or longer than adjacent lemma, Glume equal to or longer than spikelet, Glume surface hairy, villous or pilose, Glumes 3 nerved, Lemmas thin, chartaceous, hyaline, cartilaginous, or membranous, Lemma similar in texture to glumes, Lemma 5-7 nerved, Lemma apex acute or acuminate, Lemma awnless, Lemma margins thin, lying flat, Lemma straight, Palea present, well developed, Pa lea membranous, hyaline, Palea about equal to lemma, Stamens 3, Styles 2-fid, deeply 2-branched, Stigmas 2, Fruit - caryopsis, Caryopsis ellipsoid, longitudinally grooved, hilum long-linear.
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Dr. David Bogler
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Missouri Botanical Garden
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USDA PLANTS text

Digitaria insularis ( anglais )

fourni par wikipedia EN

Digitaria insularis is a species of grass commonly known as sourgrass. It is native to Central and South America and the southern parts of the United States and has been introduced into other parts of the world. It was first described by the German botanist Friedrich Karl Georg Fedde in 1904.

Description

Flower spike

Digitaria insularis is a tufted perennial bunchgrass with very short, swollen rhizomes. The stems reach a height of 80–130 cm and are erect, branched from the lower and middle nodes, swollen bases, with woolly bracts, glabrous internodes and nodes. Sheaths papillose - pilose in their majority, ligule 4–6 mm long, blades linear, 20–50 cm long and 10–20 mm wide. Inflorescence 20–35 cm long, numerous clusters, 10–15 cm long, solitary triquetrous rachis of clusters, 0.4-0.7 mm wide, scabrous; spikelets lanceolate, 4.2-4.6 mm long, paired, caudate, densely covered with trichomes up to 6 mm long, brown or whitish, ranging up to 5 mm from the apex of the spikelet; lower glume triangular to ovate, to 0.6 mm long, enervate, membranous; upper glume 3.5-4.5 mm long, acute, 3-5 nerved, ciliated; inferior lemma as long as spikelet, acuminate, 7-nerved, covered with silky hairs, upper lemma 3.2-3.6 mm long, acuminate, dark brown; anthers 1-1.2 mm long.[3]

Distribution and habitat

Digitaria insularis is native to the tropical and sub-tropical Americas.[4]

It is a common species found in disturbed areas and on beaches, at an altitude of up to 1,400 m (4,593 ft) above sea level.

In its native Brazil, Paraguay, Bolivia and Venezuela it is a pervasive weed out of its natural habitats. It has been introduced in tropical Asia and some Pacific islands and elsewhere. In some countries into which it has been introduced such as Hawaii and Papua New Guinea, it is considered an invasive species.[5]

References

  1. ^ Giraldo-Cañas, D.; Allen, R. (2020). "Digitaria insularis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T100509567A100509758. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-2.RLTS.T100509567A100509758.en. Retrieved 23 December 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Digitaria insularis (L.) Fedde". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2014-01-27.
  3. ^ W.D. Clayton; M. Vorontsova; K.T. Harman; H. Williamson. "Digitaria insularis". GrassBase. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2014-01-27.
  4. ^ W.D.Clayton; R.Govaerts; K.T.Harman; H.Williamson; M.Vorontsova. "Digitaria insularis (L.) Mez ex Ekman, Ark. Bot. 11(4): 17 (1912)". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2014-01-27.
  5. ^ "Digitaria insularis (sourgrass)". Invasive species compendium. CABI. Retrieved 2014-01-27.
  • This article contains material translated from the Spanish Wikipedia.
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Digitaria insularis: Brief Summary ( anglais )

fourni par wikipedia EN

Digitaria insularis is a species of grass commonly known as sourgrass. It is native to Central and South America and the southern parts of the United States and has been introduced into other parts of the world. It was first described by the German botanist Friedrich Karl Georg Fedde in 1904.

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Wikipedia authors and editors
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wikipedia EN