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Brief Summary ( anglais )

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Elachistocleis bicolor, the two colored oval frog, is a South American microhylid species that lives buried in leaf litter on low forest floors and grasslands (up to 200 m asl). As it can tolerate some disturbance it can also be found in urban and rural gardens. The nocturnal adults feed mostly on ants.Aquatic larvae hatch from eggs laid in quiet pools; the eggs float on the water surface (Lavilla et al. 2004).Williams and Gudynas (1987) described the tadpoles as similar to those of E. ovalis and E. surinamensis: globular, cryptically colored, with small eyes and about 24 mm in length.

Elachistocleis bicolor is long-set in taxonomic confusion with the oval frog, Elachistocleis ovalis. Variation in morphological and behavioral characters used to define species across the enormous range have made species differentiation extremely difficult. Recently, Brusquetti and Lavilla 2006 (cited in Frost 2015) and Lavilla et al. 2003 operationally defined E. bicolor as Elachistocleis frogs with no black patterning (immaculate) on their ventral surface and occurring south of the Amazon River: in Central Argentina and Uruguay through Paraguay to southern Brazil (Frost 2015; Lavilla et al. 2003). No named types or type localities exist, but literature digging reported by Lavilla et al. (2003) indicates that Buenos Aires is the likely type location for the two specimens collected and named in 1838.Similarly, Lavilla et al. (2003) define E. ovalis as having an immaculate ventrum, but occurring in the northern part of the range.They strongly caution that both names almost certainly consist of species complexes. Multiple new Elachistocleis species have been recently defined (e.g. Caramaschi 2010; Nunes-De-Almeida 2012; Pereyra et al. 2013; Toledo 2010) and more will certainly follow, so this taxonomy serves as scaffold for future revision, perhaps employing molecular methods (Lavilla et al. 2008; Brusquetti and Lavilla 2006).

Références

  • Brusquetti, F., and E. O. Lavilla. 2006. Lista comentada de los anfibios de Paraguay. Cuadernos de Herpetologia 20: 3–79.
  • Frost, Darrel R. 2015. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. Retrieved July 10, 2015 from http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/Amphibia/Anura/Microhylidae/Gastrophryninae/Elachistocleis/Elachistocleis-bicolor. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
  • Lavilla, E.O., Vaira, M. and Ferrari, L. 2003. A new species of Elachistocleis (Anura: Microhylidae) from the Andean Yungas of Argentina, with comments on the Elachistocleis ovalis – E. bicolor controversy. Amphibia-Reptilia: 269-284.
  • Lavilla, E., I. di Tada, J. Langone 2004. Elachistocleis bicolor. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2015.2. retrieved July 10 2015 from http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/57807/0
  • Nunes-De-Almeida, C. H. L., & Toledo, L. F., 2012. A new species of Elachistocleis Parker (Anura, Microhylidae) from the state of Acre, northern Brazil. Zootaxa, 3424, 43-50.
  • Pereyra, L. C., M. S. Akmentins, G. Laufer, and M. Vaira. 2013. A new species of Elachistocleis (Anura: Microhylidae) from north-western Argentina. Zootaxa 3694: 525–544.
  • Toledo, L.F. (2010) A new species of Elachistocleis (Anura; Microhylidae) from the Brazilian Amazon. Zootaxa, 2496, 63–68.
  • Williams JD, Gudynas E. 1987. Descripcion de la larva de Elachistocleis bicolor (Valenciennes, 1838) (Anura:Microhylidae). Amphibia-Reptilia 8:225-229.

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Distribution ( espagnol ; castillan )

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La distribución de esta especie comprende las provincias de Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Entre Ríos, Formosa, Misiones, Salta, Santiago del Estero y Santa Fé en Argentina, Departamentos de Beni, Cochabamba, La Paz, Pando ySanta Cruz en Bolivia, Paraguay, Uruguay y sur de Brasil.
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Morphology ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Arbustivo
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Life Cycle ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Perene
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Molecular Biology ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Jaborandi folium, alcalóides (pilocarpina), óleo essencial
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Reproduction ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Produz sementes
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Diagnostic Description ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Morfología del adulto Longitud hocico cloaca de 40 a 45 mm. El cuerpo es de forma oval. La cabeza es triangular y muy pequeña, mas ancha que larga. El hocico es acuminado. El tímpano no es visible. Los ojos son pequeños, siendo su diámetro menor que la distancia ojo-narina. Existe un pliegue nucal evidente que rodea el área timpánica y la superficie inferior de la zona gular. Los miembros posteriores son cortos. Los tubérculos metacarpales se presentan en numero de 3 (interno, externo y medio). El metatarsal interno es alargado, mientras que el externo falta. La pie1 es lisa, tanto dorsal como ventralmente. Los machos poseen la zona gular intensamente pigmentada de oscuro. La coloración dorsal es castaña a gris, siendo ventralmente amarilla. En la cara externa del muslo se destaca una línea fina transversal de color blanco. Morfología larval El cuerpo es de forma oval. Las narinas no están abiertas al exterior hasta los últimos estadios de la metamorfosis. Los ojos son de posición lateral. La boca es pequeña, subterminal ventral. No posee queratodontes, papilas ni rostrodontes, pero dos faldas libres posteriormente cubren su abertura. El espiráculo es ventral. El tubo proctodeal es corto y medio, pudiendo variar su posición durante la metamorfosis. La aleta dorsal es normal y de altura ligeramente mayor que el cuerpo. El extremo caudal es agudo
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Behavior ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Brasil
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Conservation Status ( espagnol ; castillan )

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LC. Least Concern.
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Cyclicity ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Ano todo, mais intensamente de Mar/set
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Elachistocleis bicolor ( catalan ; valencien )

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Elachistocleis bicolor és una espècie de granota que viu a l'Argentina, Bolívia, Brasil, Paraguai i Uruguai.

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Elachistocleis bicolor: Brief Summary ( catalan ; valencien )

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Elachistocleis bicolor és una espècie de granota que viu a l'Argentina, Bolívia, Brasil, Paraguai i Uruguai.

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Elachistocleis bicolor ( anglais )

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Elachistocleis bicolor (common name: two-colored oval frog, Spanish: rana pinguino or sapito panza amarilla) is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is found in central Argentina and northward through Paraguay and Uruguay to Amazonian Brazil; earlier reports from Bolivia probably refer to Elachistocleis haroi.[2]

Habitat

Elachistocleis bicolor is an abundant species occurring in seasonally flooded grasslands and in dry and moist forests. It can also survive in rural gardens and urban areas.[1]

Description

Elachistocleis bicolor are nocturnal and semi-fossorial in their lifestyle. During periods of aestivation, they can be found inside ant and termite nests.[3] Male Elachistocleis bicolor grow to a snout–vent length of 23–32 mm (0.91–1.26 in) and females to 27–36 mm (1.1–1.4 in). Its name refers to its striking colour pattern with brownish back and yellowish dorsum.[4]

Elachistocleis bicolor feed primarily on ants[1] and termites, with other insects making minor contributions to their diets. In one study in Uruguay, termites were more important during the inactive season whereas ants (particularly Pheidole and Solenopsis) were more important during the active season.[3]

Reproduction

Reproduction takes place during the wet season[4] in pools with standing water.[1] Fecundity is about 620 eggs and positively correlated with female size.[4] Eggs float on top of the water.[1]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e Esteban Lavilla, Ismael di Tada, Jose Langone (2004). "Elachistocleis bicolor". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T57807A11684903. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T57807A11684903.en. Retrieved 17 November 2021.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  2. ^ Frost, Darrel R. (2014). "Elachistocleis bicolor (Guérin-Méneville, 1838)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
  3. ^ a b Berazategui, M.; Camargo, A.; Maneyro, R. L. (2007). "Environmental and seasonal variation in the diet of Elachistocleis bicolor (Guérin-Méneville 1838) (Anura: Microhylidae) from northern Uruguay". Zoological Science. 24 (3): 225–231. doi:10.2108/zsj.24.225. PMID 17551242. S2CID 21872211.
  4. ^ a b c Rodrigues, D. D. J.; Lopes, F. S.; Uetanabaro, M. (2003). "Padrão reprodutivo de Elachistocleis bicolor (Anura, Microhylidae) na Serra da Bodoquena, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil" [Reproductive pattern of Elachistocleis bicolor (Anura, Microhylidae) at Serra da Bodoquena, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil]. Iheringia. Série Zoologia (in Portuguese and English). 93 (4): 365–371. doi:10.1590/S0073-47212003000400003.
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Elachistocleis bicolor: Brief Summary ( anglais )

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Elachistocleis bicolor (common name: two-colored oval frog, Spanish: rana pinguino or sapito panza amarilla) is a species of frog in the family Microhylidae. It is found in central Argentina and northward through Paraguay and Uruguay to Amazonian Brazil; earlier reports from Bolivia probably refer to Elachistocleis haroi.

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Elachistocleis bicolor ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Elachistocleis bicolor es una especie de anfibio de la familia Microhylidae. Se encuentra en Argentina, sur de Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.[2]​ Habita en pastizales inundados estacionalmente entre los 0 y 200 metros de altitud. Es una especie nocturna y se alimenta principalmente de hormigas.[1]

Referencias

  1. a b Lavilla, E., di Tada, I. & Langone, J. (2004). «Elachistocleis bicolor». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2022 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 13 de abril de 2020.
  2. Frost, D.R. « Elachistocleis bicolor». Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.1. (en inglés). Nueva York, EEUU: Museo Americano de Historia Natural. Consultado el 13 de abril de 2020.
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Elachistocleis bicolor: Brief Summary ( espagnol ; castillan )

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Elachistocleis bicolor es una especie de anfibio de la familia Microhylidae. Se encuentra en Argentina, sur de Brasil, Paraguay y Uruguay.​ Habita en pastizales inundados estacionalmente entre los 0 y 200 metros de altitud. Es una especie nocturna y se alimenta principalmente de hormigas.​

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Elachistocleis bicolor ( basque )

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Elachistocleis bicolor Elachistocleis generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Microhylidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.

Erreferentziak

Ikus, gainera

(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Elachistocleis bicolor: Brief Summary ( basque )

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Elachistocleis bicolor Elachistocleis generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Microhylidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.

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Elachistocleis bicolor

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Elachistocleis bicolor est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Microhylidae[1].

Répartition

Cette espèce se rencontre en Argentine, dans le sud-est du Brésil, au Paraguay et en Uruguay. Elle est présente du niveau de la mer jusqu'à 200 m d'altitude[1],[2].

Description

Elachistocleis bicolor, comme son nom l'indique, présente une coloration contrastée entre son dos, brunâtre, et son ventre, jaune. Cette particularité est à l'origine de son nom vernaculaire anglais, Rana Pinguino[3].

Publications originales

  • Guérin-Méneville, 1838 : Iconographie du Règne animal de G. Cuvier. vol. 3, p. 1-64.
  • Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 : Os engystomatideos do Museu Paulista (com um genero e tres especies novos). Revista do Museu Paulista, vol. 12, p. 281-288 (texte intégral).

Notes et références

  1. a et b Amphibian Species of the World, consulté lors d'une mise à jour du lien externe
  2. UICN, consulté lors d'une mise à jour du lien externe
  3. Contrairement à ce que l'on pourrait penser il s'agit bien d'un nom vernaculaire et non l'appellation scientifique d'une espèce du genre Rana, ce qui explique la majuscule à Pinguino.
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Elachistocleis bicolor: Brief Summary

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Elachistocleis bicolor est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Microhylidae.

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Elachistocleis bicolor ( polonais )

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Elachistocleis bicolor – gatunek niewielkiego płaza bezogonowego z rodziny wąskopyskowatych.

Taksonomia

Gatunek ten był dawniej uznawany za podgatunek Elachistocleis ovalis. Lavilla i jego współpracownicy w 2003 r. dokonali jego wyodrębnienia[3].

Morfologia

Gatunek ten osiąga długość od 2 do 4 cm. Ma owalne ciało i niewielką, trójkątną głowę. Grzbiet ma barwę brązowo-szarą, wewnętrzna strona ciała - żółtą[4].

Występowanie

Występuje w południowo-wschodniej Boliwii, południowym Paragwaju, północno-wschodniej Argentynie, południowo-wschodniej Brazylii i Urugwaju. Żyją na terenach okresowo zalewanych wodą[3].

Tryb życia i pożywienie

Osobniki tego gatunku preferują nocny tryb życia[3]. Żywią się termitami i mrówkami[4].

Status

Gatunek ten występuje powszechnie, a liczba osobników nie zmienia się znacząco w długich odstępach czasu. Nie stwierdzono wysokiego ryzyka wymarcia tych płazów w najbliższej przyszłości[3].

Przypisy

  1. Elachistocleis bicolor, w: Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ang.).
  2. Elachistocleis bicolor. Czerwona księga gatunków zagrożonych (IUCN Red List of Threatened Species) (ang.).
  3. a b c d Elachistocleis bicolor (ang.). Czerwona Księga Gatunków Zagrożonych. [dostęp 2014-08-24].
  4. a b Elachistocleis bicolor (port.). Laboratório de Herpetologia. [dostęp 2014-08-24].
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Elachistocleis bicolor: Brief Summary ( polonais )

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Elachistocleis bicolor – gatunek niewielkiego płaza bezogonowego z rodziny wąskopyskowatych.

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Elachistocleis bicolor ( portugais )

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Elachistocleis bicolor[2] é uma espécie de anfíbio da família Microhylidae. Pode ser encontrada no Paraguai, Brasil, Argentina e Uruguai.[1]

Referências

  1. a b Esteban Lavilla, Ismael di Tada, Jose Langone (2004). «Elachistocleis bicolor». Lista Vermelha de Espécies Ameaçadas. 2004: e.T57807A11684903. doi:. Consultado em 17 de novembro de 2021
  2. Frost, D.R. (2014). «Elachistocleis bicolor». Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. Consultado em 29 de setembro de 2014
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Elachistocleis bicolor: Brief Summary ( portugais )

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Elachistocleis bicolor é uma espécie de anfíbio da família Microhylidae. Pode ser encontrada no Paraguai, Brasil, Argentina e Uruguai.

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Elachistocleis bicolor ( vietnamien )

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The Rana Pinguino hoặc Elachistocleis bicolor (tên tiếng Anh: Sapito Panza Amarilla) là một loài ếch trong họ Nhái bầu. Nó được tìm thấy ở Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Paraguay, và Uruguay. Các môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là các khu rừng khô nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, rừng ẩm vùng đất thấp nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, vùng đồng cỏ ôn đới, đồng cỏ nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới vùng ngập nước hoặc lụt theo mùa, đầm nước, đầm nước ngọt có nước theo mùa, các đồn điền, vườn nông thôn, các vùng đô thị, các khu rừng trước đây bị suy thoái nặng nề, ao, đất có tưới tiêu, đất nông nghiệp có lụt theo mùa, và kênh đào và mương rãnh.

Hình ảnh

Tham khảo

  1. ^ Lavilla, E., di Tada, I. & Langone, J. (2004). Elachistocleis bicolor. Sách Đỏ IUCN các loài bị đe dọa. Phiên bản 2013.2. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế. Truy cập ngày 20 tháng 3 năm 2014.
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Elachistocleis bicolor: Brief Summary ( vietnamien )

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The Rana Pinguino hoặc Elachistocleis bicolor (tên tiếng Anh: Sapito Panza Amarilla) là một loài ếch trong họ Nhái bầu. Nó được tìm thấy ở Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Paraguay, và Uruguay. Các môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là các khu rừng khô nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, rừng ẩm vùng đất thấp nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, vùng đồng cỏ ôn đới, đồng cỏ nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới vùng ngập nước hoặc lụt theo mùa, đầm nước, đầm nước ngọt có nước theo mùa, các đồn điền, vườn nông thôn, các vùng đô thị, các khu rừng trước đây bị suy thoái nặng nề, ao, đất có tưới tiêu, đất nông nghiệp có lụt theo mùa, và kênh đào và mương rãnh.

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