The head and body of Nyctophilus geoffroyi are covered in light gray to brown thick fluffy fur, with darker shades dorsally, and lighter shades ventrally. The ears are large, elongate, and joined across the forehead by a band of integument. The tragus is short. The tail extends to the end of the uropatagium. Fur is absent on wings and connecting membranes. Nyctophilus geoffroyi possesses a well developed noseleaf (unusual for vespertilionids) with a Y-shaped central groove. Its molars are dilambdadont and its canines small (Strahan, 1983).
Range mass: 6 to 8 g.
Other Physical Features: endothermic ; bilateral symmetry
Nyctophilus geoffroyi exploits a wide range of habitat, including man-made structures such as attics and awnings. It roosts in dead trees, under tree bark, under rocks, in bird nests, and in caves. One study found that it prefers dead trees for roosts, particularly dead Banksia trees (Hosken, 1996). It tolerates a wide range of climate, including semi-arid, temperate, and tropical. It can tolerate extreme heat with temperatures up to 104 degrees Fahrenheit. Like other vespertilionids, Nyctophilus geoffroyi is also capable of handling cold conditions by entering torpor for much of the day in winter months. While in torpor body temperature is lowered and metabolic rate drops, conserving energy (Strahan, 1983; Hosken, 1999).
Terrestrial Biomes: desert or dune ; savanna or grassland ; chaparral ; forest ; rainforest ; scrub forest ; mountains
All of Australia (except the northeastern peninsula) and Tasmania (Strahan, 1983).
Biogeographic Regions: australian (Native )
The diet of Nyctophilus geoffroyi consists primarily of a variety of airborne insects captured in flight using both echolocation and sight (Grant, 1991). Several authors have also noted that N. geoffroyi captures insects such as beetles from branches and bark, and even from the ground, and is a low flying predator (Nowak, 1997; Strahan, 1983, Grant, 1991). This view has been questioned, however, by Brigham et al. (1997), who observed that N. geoffroyi rarely descends to the ground, but rather spends most of the time 2-5 meters above the ground. Bailey and Haythornthwaite (1998) demonstrated that N. geoffroyi can also use its hearing to locate insects that generate sound, such as crickets, independently of echolocation.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi consumes a great biomass of insects, many of which are destructive to agriculture or are considered pests (Strahan, 1983).
Because Nyctophilus geoffroyi often chooses human structures to nest or roost in, and has even been found in laundry left out to dry (Strahan, 1983), it is considered a pest by some. Its close proximity to humans also presents the possibility of transmitting diseases, although I found no reference any disease transmitted by this bat.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi is found in great abundance locally. Because it exploits habitat made by humans, such as garages, barns, and attics, its numbers may have even increased in developed areas. Since many of the insects it feeds on, however, also feed on crops, the use of insecticides could be detrimental to bat populations (Strahan, 1983). Additionally, outside of the populated areas where N. geoffroyi is typically observed, it was found roosting only in dead trees in old-growth forest. No roost sites were observed in re-growth forest, suggesting that the preservation of old-growth forest may be necessary to preserve populations of N. geoffroyi in undeveloped areas (Taylor and Oneill, 1988; Hosken, 1996).
US Federal List: no special status
CITES: no special status
IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: least concern
Nyctophilus geoffroyi will take insect offerings from and sometimes even land on a person's hand (Nowak, 1997), exhibiting an apparent lack of fear or indifference toward humans.
Perception Channels: tactile ; chemical
Nyctophilus geoffroyi forms maternity colonies in spring, and young are born in the late spring or early summer. Maternity colonies are made up of as few as 10 to more than 100 individuals. Gender composition varies regionally, and some colonies are composed wholly of pregnant females, while others contain males and females. Females give birth to one or two offspring (twinning is common), which are typically left in the roost for about six weeks, after which time they begin to fly and hunt with their mother. Parental-offspring relationships apparently do not last after weaning (Strahan, 1983; Hosken, 1997).
Range number of offspring: 1 to 2.
Key Reproductive Features: seasonal breeding ; gonochoric/gonochoristic/dioecious (sexes separate); sexual ; viviparous
El ratpenat orellut de Geoffroy (Nyctophilus geoffroyi) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels vespertiliònids. Viu a Austràlia. El seu hàbitat natural són les zones semiàrides, mallee, arbrat, bosc humit, les zones alpines, boscos tropicals i zones urbanes. No hi ha cap amenaça significativa per a la supervivència d'aquesta espècie.[1]
El ratpenat orellut de Geoffroy (Nyctophilus geoffroyi) és una espècie de ratpenat de la família dels vespertiliònids. Viu a Austràlia. El seu hàbitat natural són les zones semiàrides, mallee, arbrat, bosc humit, les zones alpines, boscos tropicals i zones urbanes. No hi ha cap amenaça significativa per a la supervivència d'aquesta espècie.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi is a vespertilionid bat. a flying nocturnal mammal found in Australia, The species is relatively common. They have been referred to as the lesser long-eared bat.
It is the type species of genus Nyctophilus.[3] Molecular data indicate Vespertilionidae, the family to which the lesser long-eared bat belongs, diverged from the family Molossidae (free-tailed bats) in the early Eocene period.[4] The family is thought to have originated somewhere in Laurasia, possibly North America.[5] The genus Nyctophilus itself has a limited fossil record, dating back only to the Pleistocene, the species is referenced in the material found in deposits.[6][1][7]
The species was recognised by Oldfield Thomas in his examinations of the genus, and indicated the diversity by three subspecies,
The lesser long-eared bat is a medium-sized species, weighing 6 to 12 grams,[9] with a forearm length ranging from 30.6 to 41.7 mm; it also has long ears which can vary between 17.6 and 25.3 mm in length. Light grey coloured fur is located on the back of the bat contrasted by the lighter to white fur on its underbelly.[9] The hair is bi-colored, dark at the base to light at the ends. The colour of the fur is highly variable, and those in arid regions are notably paler.[9] The distinguishing feature of this species is a nose ridge around 1.5 mm high,[10] split and connected by an elastic membrane of skin, creating a Y-shaped groove behind the nostrils.[11][9]
When flying this species will point the tips of its ears forward listening for sound emitted from small openings located at the top of their snouts.[12] The species is known to have one of the lowest flight speeds when foraging, slowing to 4 km/h when flying into the understory and through vegetation. Despite this it has high manoeuvrability and while in forests 6–10 m above the ground, it can switch suddenly in direction, sometimes dropping vertically to just above the ground to catch insects. In open areas they will spiral around bushes and shrubs, if they spot prey on the ground they can land capture their victim and then relaunch almost vertically. There have been observations of the species hovering as well as the ability to take flight from water. Records show that they commute around 20 km/h. Grasshoppers, crickets and moths are their most common food but have a large variety of foods including: lacewings, beetles, flies, cricket nymphs, cockroaches and spiders. It is believed that their capture in pit-traps is due to them, being attracted to previously captured insects. Their hunting techniques have notable diversity in that they use echolocation (peak power frequency 47.7 kHz; range 47–48 kHz) for capturing aerial, foliage and ground inhabiting prey. Their use of sight is mostly restricted to aerial prey, a technique that the species uses to take advantage of seasonal booms of tettigoniid crickets as well as general ground and aerial prey, known as passive listening. This method of hunting does not rely on sight or echolocation.[11] Some moths species, like noctuids, have evolved to develop their own form of "ears" that are able to pick up the frequency of bat calls, however they are unable to sense long-eared bats as the bats use a minute whispering technique different from echolocation which bounces off the moths and is picked up by their large ears.[12]
The species is highly adaptable to a variety of habitats, and as a result is one of the most widespread endemic bats of Australia.[11][13] It lives in deserts, tropical to alpine woodlands, mangroves, agricultural land, urban areas, wet to dry sclerophyll forests and rain forests.[11] They are recorded at areas around 1600 metres asl, but more common at lower altitudes.[1] The most widely distributed of the genus Nyctophilus, ranging arid to wet regions, they are nevertheless absent from the northeast tropical coasts and Cape York Peninsula.[13]
Nyctophilus geoffroyi is able to inhabit the arid regions of the country when water is available. It is commonly recorded at bore wells, pools, and dams for livestock, in association with the inland free-tail Mormopterus petersi, and the little and inland 'forest bats' (Vespadelus), V. vulturnus and V. baverstocki. They are especially common in agricultural areas near the city of Canberra, where they occupy buildings as well as tree hollows, and one of several bats to have taken residence within the city and forage in nearby parks and reserves.[9] They occur near the city of Perth at Kings Park, Western Australia with other microbat species, the wattled Chalinolobus, C. morio and C. gouldii, and tiny endemic freetail Mormopterus kitcheneri.[9]
These bats are usually nocturnal, living in dark caves, hollows, old trees, ceilings and hollow walls. They are fairly common throughout most of Australia, but their roosting habits vary greatly. Their preferred roosting places tend to be small crevices such as peeling and hanging bark, in tree hollows, caves, buildings and fairy martin (Petrochelidon ariel) nests, rolled up swags, under piles of bricks and hanging clothes, or occupying the exhaust of a tractor in one instance.[9] Their sociability ranges from individuals to small groups of two or three bats. Some colonies contain 10 to 15 bats in a maternity colony with a single mature male. There has been evidence found in the Nullarbor caves of a group of 50 deceased bats, and a large living colony found in Western Australia at the Margaret River caves (Leeuwin-Naturaliste National Park). Around 300 bats have been found in a dilapidated warehouse. Most colonies will relocate to new roost locations frequently within a defined area, with a distance of 6 to 12km from roosts to hunting areas in remnant bushland.[11]
As ambient temperature decreases below the thermoneutral zone, metabolic rate increases. In Tasmania, when temperatures reach 15 degrees Celsius and below they will enter torpor.[11] A study from the Journal of Comparative Physiology found that "the first evidence that Australian long-eared bats exhibit similar thermal characteristics and patterns of torpor to their relatives from the northern hemisphere" and "… was used frequently and reduced energy expenditure substantially it appears that it plays a central role in the biology of Australian microbats."[14]
In November the commencement of spermatogenesis takes place in males, this peaks in March and ends in May. The epididymides hold the sperm as the testes retreat. Mating is usually initiated in April, with the female then using the oviduct and the uterine lining to retain sperm over the winter. In late August to September ovulation and fertilisation takes place, with gestation lasting between 72 and 93 days. In late October through to November (later in lower latitudes and elevations) births take place, the mother often producing twins. The young can fly by December and lactation ceases in early February. Observations in Tasmania has reported shorted lactation periods. Mature females may not give birth every year. This species has demonstrated sperm competition.[11]
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{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) {{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) Nyctophilus geoffroyi is a vespertilionid bat. a flying nocturnal mammal found in Australia, The species is relatively common. They have been referred to as the lesser long-eared bat.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi es una especie de murciélago de la familia Vespertilionidae.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi es una especie de murciélago de la familia Vespertilionidae.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi Nyctophilus generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Vespertilioninae azpifamilia eta Vespertilionidae familian sailkatuta dago
Nyctophilus geoffroyi Nyctophilus generoko animalia da. Chiropteraren barruko Vespertilioninae azpifamilia eta Vespertilionidae familian sailkatuta dago
Nyctophilus geoffroyi (Leach, 1821) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Vespertilionidi endemico dell'Australia.[1][2]
Pipistrello di piccole dimensioni, con la lunghezza della testa e del corpo tra 38 e 50 mm, la lunghezza dell'avambraccio tra 31 e 42 mm, la lunghezza della coda tra 31 e 40 mm, la lunghezza delle orecchie tra 18 e 25 mm e un peso fino a 10,2 g.[3]
La pelliccia è corta, densa e lanuginosa. Le parti dorsali sono bruno-grigiastre con la base dei peli più scura, mentre le parti ventrali sono biancastre. Il muso è tronco, con un disco carnoso all'estremità dove si aprono le narici, con il margine superiore leggermente concavo e dietro al quale è presente un rigonfiamento molto alto, attraversato longitudinalmente da un solco a forma di Y, le cui estremità sono unite da una sottile membrana. Le orecchie sono lunghe, ovali ed unite alla base da una membrana cutanea. Il trago è corto. Le ali sono attaccate posteriormente alla base delle dita dei piedi. L'estremità della lunga coda si estende leggermente oltre l'ampio uropatagio.
Si rifugia singolarmente o in colonie fino a 300 individui in qualsiasi anfratto, tra le rocce, in nidi abbandonati di uccelli, edifici e nelle cavità degli alberi. Solitamente i sessi vivono separati. Forma vivai tra 10 e 100 femmine con i loro piccoli in primavera. L'attività predatoria inizia prima del tramonto e termina prima dell'alba nelle giornate più calde, mentre la caccia si limita ad una sola ora durante quelle più fredde. Il volo è lento, fluttuante e manovrato. Entra in uno stato di ibernazione nei mesi più freddi.
Si nutre di insetti catturati vicino al suolo nella boscaglia.
Danno alla luce due piccoli alla volta tra ottobre e novembre, un po' prima nella parte meridionale dell'areale. Diventano indipendenti dopo circa 6 settimane.
Questa specie è diffusa sull'intero continente australiano, eccetto le coste nord-orientali del Queensland.
Vive nelle zone desertiche, foreste ed aree urbane. fino a 1.580 metri di altitudine.
La IUCN Red List, considerato il vasto areale, la tolleranza a diversi tipi di habitat e la popolazione numerosa, classifica N.geoffroyi come specie a rischio minimo (LC).[1]
Nyctophilus geoffroyi (Leach, 1821) è un pipistrello della famiglia dei Vespertilionidi endemico dell'Australia.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi is een vleermuis uit het geslacht Nyctophilus die voorkomt in Australië (behalve het Kaap York-schiereiland en het grootste deel van de oostkust van Queensland), inclusief Tasmanië en een aantal andere eilanden. Het dier komt algemeen voor in allerlei habitats, van woestijnen tot steden. N. geoffroyi is een flexibele soort, die zo ongeveer elk hol kan gebruiken om in te slapen. De vlucht is laag en wendbaar; de insecten die het dier eet worden niet alleen in de vlucht, maar ook van vegetatie of de grond gepakt. In zuidelijk Australië worden de twee jongen in oktober of november geboren, maar in het noorden eerder.
N. geoffroyi is een relatief kleine Nyctophilus met grote oren. De rugvacht is grijsbruin; de onderkant is daarentegen wit. Exemplaren uit Noord-Australië zijn groter dan die uit het zuiden. De kop-romplengte bedraagt 38 tot 50 mm, de staartlengte 31 tot 40 mm, de voorarmlengte 31 tot 42 mm, de oorlengte 18 tot 25 mm en het gewicht 4,0 tot 10,2 g.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi is een vleermuis uit het geslacht Nyctophilus die voorkomt in Australië (behalve het Kaap York-schiereiland en het grootste deel van de oostkust van Queensland), inclusief Tasmanië en een aantal andere eilanden. Het dier komt algemeen voor in allerlei habitats, van woestijnen tot steden. N. geoffroyi is een flexibele soort, die zo ongeveer elk hol kan gebruiken om in te slapen. De vlucht is laag en wendbaar; de insecten die het dier eet worden niet alleen in de vlucht, maar ook van vegetatie of de grond gepakt. In zuidelijk Australië worden de twee jongen in oktober of november geboren, maar in het noorden eerder.
N. geoffroyi is een relatief kleine Nyctophilus met grote oren. De rugvacht is grijsbruin; de onderkant is daarentegen wit. Exemplaren uit Noord-Australië zijn groter dan die uit het zuiden. De kop-romplengte bedraagt 38 tot 50 mm, de staartlengte 31 tot 40 mm, de voorarmlengte 31 tot 42 mm, de oorlengte 18 tot 25 mm en het gewicht 4,0 tot 10,2 g.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi é uma espécie de morcego da família Vespertilionidae. Endêmica da Austrália.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi é uma espécie de morcego da família Vespertilionidae. Endêmica da Austrália.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi[2][3] är en fladdermusart som beskrevs av Leach 1821. Nyctophilus geoffroyi ingår i släktet Nyctophilus och familjen läderlappar.[4][5] Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life.[4] Wilson & Reeder (2005) skiljer mellan tre underarter.[2]
Artens tjocka päls har en brun till ljusgrå färg och den är på ovansidan lite mörkare än vid buken. Flygmembranen är däremot naken. Svansen är helt omsluten av flygmembranen mellan bakbenen och de stora öronen är på hjässan sammanlänkade med varandra. Liksom andra medlemmar av samma släkte men i motsats till de flesta andra läderlappar har Nyctophilus geoffroyi ett hudveck (blad) vid näsan som har formen av ett omvänt Y. Individerna väger 6 till 8 g.[6]
Denna fladdermus förekommer i stora delar av Australien. Den saknas bara på Kap Yorkhalvön och i angränsande områden av nordöstra Australien. Arten hittas även på Tasmanien och på flera mindre australiska öar. Den vistas främst i låglandet och ibland når den 1580 meter över havet. Nyctophilus geoffroyi förekommer i nästan alla habitat med träd, inklusive trädgårdar och stadsparker.[1]
Individerna vilar i trädens håligheter, under lösa barkskivor och i byggnader. Under varma årstider är de aktiva mellan skymningen och gryningen. På vintern är aktiviteten begränsad till några få timmar. Hanar och honor lever allmänt ensam. Under fortplantningstiden bildar honor flockar med 10 till 100 medlemmar (sällan 200[1]) som besöks av en eller flera hanar.[6]
Nyctophilus geoffroyi jagar flygande och marklevande insekter med hjälp av ekolokalisering och hörseln. Enligt olika studier flyger den tät över marken eller på 2 till 5 meters höjd.[6]
Parningen sker under våren eller tidiga sommaren. Honor föder oftast tvillingar och ibland bara en unge. När modern jagar stannar ungarna i boet. Efter cirka 6 veckor kan ungarna flyga och följa med på utflykter.[6]
Arten är inte rädd för människor och den plockar till och med insekter från människans hand. När Nyctophilus geoffroyi söker skydd i människans byggnader kan den orsaka oönskad oreda. Ibland lämnar arten smuts på nytvättade kläder. Den fångar stora mängder insekter vad som betraktas som gynnande.[6]
Beståndet anses vara stabilt. IUCN kategoriserar arten globalt som livskraftig.[1]
Wikimedia Commons har media som rör Nyctophilus geoffroyi.
Wikispecies har information om Nyctophilus geoffroyi.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi är en fladdermusart som beskrevs av Leach 1821. Nyctophilus geoffroyi ingår i släktet Nyctophilus och familjen läderlappar. Inga underarter finns listade i Catalogue of Life. Wilson & Reeder (2005) skiljer mellan tre underarter.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi — вид ссавців родини лиликових.
Країни поширення: Австралія. Проживає від рівня моря до 1580 м над рівнем моря. Колонії можуть містити 200 тварин, але більшість з них знаходиться в одиночних сідалах або громадами менше 30 осіб. Він присутній в широкому діапазоні середовищ існування: напівпосушливі райони, чагарники, ліси, вологі ліси, альпійські райони, тропічні ліси і міські райони. Тварини спочивають у порожнинах і тріщинах дерев, під корою дерев або на дахах будинків. Самиці часто народжують близнят.
Здається, немає серйозних загроз для цього виду. Цей вид присутній у багатьох охоронних територіях.
Nyctophilus geoffroyi là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi muỗi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Leach mô tả năm 1821.[1]
Bài viết họ Dơi muỗi này vẫn còn sơ khai. Bạn có thể giúp Wikipedia bằng cách mở rộng nội dung để bài được hoàn chỉnh hơn. Nyctophilus geoffroyi là một loài động vật có vú trong họ Dơi muỗi, bộ Dơi. Loài này được Leach mô tả năm 1821.
작은긴귀박쥐(Nyctophilus geoffroyi)는 애기박쥐과에 속하는 박쥐의 일종이다. 오스트레일리아의 토착종이다.[1][2]
작은 크기의 박쥐로 머리부터 몸까지 몸길이는 38~50mm, 전완장은 31~42mm, 꼬리 길이는 31~40mm이다. 귀 길이는 18~25mm이고 몸무게는 최대 10.2g이다.[3]
퀸즐랜드주 북부-동부 지역을 제외한 오스트레일리아 대륙 전역에 널리 분포한다.
