Harsokorennot

Goldeneyed lacewing, Chrysopa oculata, 1 to 1.5 centimeters long. Source: USDA-ARS Photo Library - Image Number D801-1

Figure 1.Semachrysa jade sp. n., female holotype habitus (Morphbank: 791595). Forewing length: 15.0 mm. Photographer: Guek Hock Ping.

Figure 2.Head and thorax, dorsal, first instar A Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) divisus B Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) fumosus C Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) geayi D Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) lineafrons E Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) spinellus. Abbreviations: epi-l epicranial marking, lateral arm epi-m epicranial marking, mesal arm fr frontal marking post postfrontal marking T1Sc1 first primary prothoracic sclerite T2Sc3 third primary mesothoracic sclerite T3R1 metathoracic row of robust, thorny setae.

Figure 1.Holotype, Chrysopa varia [= Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) varia], male, MCZ, gonarcal complex. A Frontal B Posterior C Ventral D Dorsal E Lateral. Scale applies to all images. Abbreviations: bk beak-like tip of mediuncus gc gonocornu gsa gonosaccus g.a. gonarcal apodeme g.b. gonarcal bridge hy.i. hypandrium internum mu mediuncus rod mediuncal rod.

Figure 1.Two external features that characterize Kymachrysa adults. A, B Fore and hind wings with sinuate longitudinal veins between the first and second gradate series of crossveins C–F Terminal segments (dorsal) with Tergite 9+ectoproct separated dorsally C, D Female E, F Male A, C, E. Kymachrysa placita A, C Colorado, USNM E Type, Colorado, MCZ B, D, F Kymachrysa intacta B Neotype, Quebec, CNC D New York, TRC F New York, TRC [Males: gonarcal complex not removed]. Abbreviations: i.g. inner gradate veins o.g. outer gradate veins T8 eighth tergite T9+e fused ninth tergite and ectoproct.

Figure 2.Semachrysa jade sp. n. female habitus, specimen that was originally photographed and released (Morphbank: 791596). Forewing length: 15.0 mm. Photographer: Guek Hock Ping.

Figure 3.Head and thorax, dorsal, second instar A Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) divisus B Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) fumosus C Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) geayi D Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) lineafrons E Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) spinellus. Abbreviations: epi-l epicranial marking, lateral arm epi-m epicranial marking, mesal arm fr frontal marking post postfrontal marking T1Sc1, T1Sc2 first and second primary prothoracic sclerites T2Sc3 third primary mesothoracic sclerite T3R1 metathoracic row of robust, thorny setae.

Figure 14.Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) varia female genitalia. A Colleterial and accessory glands [Arrow 1 indicates the connection of the duct from the colleterial reservoir to the shelf of the transverse sclerite. Arrow 2 indicates the connection of the duct from the accessory gland to the shelf of the transverse sclerite.] B Transverse sclerite C Genitalia, including bursal glands D Tip of bursa copulatrix with pipe-fitting-like connection to bursal gland(all, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil). Abbreviations: acc.gl. bifurcated accessory gland b.c. bursa copulatrix (tip) b.d. bursal duct b.gl. bursal gland b.gl.c. connection between bursal gland and bursa copulatrix col.gl. colleterial gland col.r. colleterial reservoir sp/bd connection between spermatheca and bursal duct sp.d. spermathecal duct tr.s. transverse sclerite.

Figure 10.Kymachrysa intacta third instar (darkly marked). Note head markings, debris packet containing woody and dried plant material. (Photo: Stephen A. Marshall).

Figure 3.Semachrysa jade sp. n. female habitus (Morphbank: 791597). Forewing length: 15.0 mm. Photographer: Guek Hock Ping.

Figure 4.Head and thorax, dorsal, third instar A Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) divisus B Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) fumosus C Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) geayi D Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) lineafrons E Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) spinellus. Abbreviations: epi-l epicranial marking, lateral arm epi-m epicranial marking, mesal arm fr frontal marking post postfrontal marking T1Sc1, T1Sc2 first and second primary prothoracic sclerites.

Figure 9A.Forewings from three specimens each of Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) varia and Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) pretiosa, illustrating interspecific and intraspecific variation in markings, size, and shape Left Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) varia (V1. Salta, Argentina; V2. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; V3 Napo, Ecuador) Right Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) pretiosa (P1. Capital District, Venezuela; P2. Carabobo, Venezuela; P3. Trinidad Island, Trinidad & Tobago). Abbreviations: b’-d distal cell in lower Banksian series cv distal Psm-Psc crossvein ma median arculus (= basal vein of im1) m-cu2 distal (= second) m-cu crossvein o.g. basal three outer gradates.

Figure 2.Kymachrysa male terminalia. A, B Abdominal segments 8 and 9 (lateral), with genitalia everted C, D Sternite 8+9 (ventral) E, F Genitalia (everted, dorsal) A, C, E Kymachrysa placita Type, Colorado, MCZ B, D, F Kymachrysa intacta, California, TRC. Abbreviations: c.c. callus cerci d.a. dorsal apodeme (on ninth tergite and ectoproct) gc gonocornu gps gonapsis g.b. gonarcal bridge med mediuncus m.s. membranous sac S8+9 fused eighth and ninth sternites T8 eighth tergite T9+e fused ninth tergite and ectoproct v.a. ventral apodeme (on sternite 8+9).

Figure 4.Type locality of Semachrysa jade sp. n., closed forest, 0.8 km SSW of entrance of Selangor State Park, Selangor, Malaysia (GPS: 3.3057,101.693). Photographer: Guek Hock Ping.

Figure 14.Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) geayi, first instar A Habitus, lateral B Head, lateral C Abdominal segments A1 to A5, dorsal D Abdominal segments A6 to A10, dorsal. Abbreviations: A2, A4, A6, A8, A10 abdominal segments A1R1, A1R2 anterior and posterior rows of submedian setae (SMS) on first abdominal segment A2R1, A2R2 anterior and posterior rows of SMS on second abdominal segment A4LT lateral tubercle on fourth abdominal segment A6LDT, A6LT laterodorsal tubercle, lateral tubercle on sixth abdominal segment ge genal marking T3R1 row of long, sturdy, thorny setae on raised posterior fold of metathorax.

Figure 9B.Hindwings from three specimens each of Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) varia and Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) pretiosa. Same information as Fig. 9A.

Figure 3.Kymachrysa female terminalia. A, B Abdominal segments 7 and 9 (lateral) [Arrows delineate the praegenitale] C, D Praegenitale at distal margin of S7 (ventral) E–H Spermatheca A, C, F Kymachrysa placita A, F Colorado, USNM C New Mexico, USNM B, D, E, G, H Kymachrysa intacta B, D, E New York, TRC G Colorado, CPG H California, TRC. Abbreviations: c.c. callus cerci g.l. gonapophysis lateralis inv spermathecal invagination prae praegenitale sg subgenitale sp spermatheca sp.d. spermathecal duct S7 seventh sternite tr.s. transverse sclerite T9+e fused ninth tergite and ectoproct vel velum.

Figure 5.Semachrysa jade sp. n. A forewing B hindwing. Vestiture omitted. Abbreviations: dcc, distal cubital cell; ig, inner gradate series; psc, pseudocubital vein; psm, pseudomedial vein; og; outer gradate series. Scale line: 1.0 mm.

Figure 15.Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) geayi, second instar A Head, dorsal B Head, lateral C Head and thorax, dorsal D Abdominal segments A1 to A5, dorsal E Habitus, lateral F Abdominal segments A6 to A10, dorsal.

Figure 15.Lectotype, Allochrysa pretiosa [= Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) pretiosa], female, MCZ, abdomen and genitalia. A Abdominal segments 4–9, lateral B Genitalia within terminal segments [Note the bursal glands that extruded from a tear on the right side.] C Spermathecal complex and subgenitale, ventral D Internal genitalia and subgenitale, lateral E Callus cerci F Gonapophysis lateralis, lateral G Spermathecal duct [The sclerotized section of the duct is brownish; the brushy, membranous section is longer; it extends to the right, bends abruptly to the left, and then ends at the arrow.]. Abbreviations: b.d. bursal duct b.gl. bursal gland g.l. gonapophysis lateralis knob protruding knob on surface of subgenitale lobe distal lobe of subgenitale pegs small and large pegs on bursal duct sg subgenitale sp spermatheca sp.d. spermathecal duct sp.d.-t brushy terminus of spermathecal duct sp.t. tubular section of spermatheca S7 seventh sternite T8 eighth tergite T9+ect fused ninth tergite and ectoproct.

Figure 4.Kymachrysa placita external adult features. Note variation in darkness and size of head markings, prothoracic size and shape. A, B Head (dorsal) C, D Head (frontal) E Head, prothorax (lateral) F, G Head, prothorax, mesothorax (dorsal) H Head, thorax (lateral) [Background with small piece of abdomen visible]. A, C, E, F Wyoming, SDNHM; B, D, G, H Colorado, CPG.

Figure 6.Semachrysa jade sp. n. Female terminalia with structures labeled. Scale line: 0.2 mm.

Figure 16.Chrysopodes (Chrysopodes) geayi, third instar A Habitus, lateral B Habitus, ventral C Head, ventral D Head, lateral. Abbreviations: ge genal marking st stemmata T3R1 row of long, sturdy, thorny setae on raised posterior fold of metathorax.

Figure 26.Leucochrysa (Leucochrysa) pretiosa female genitalia. A Internal genital complex, including bursal glands B Bursal and spermathecal complexes, with subgenitale [Note the small pegs at the base of the bursal duct and the larger ones distally.] C Bursal and spermathecal complexes D Spermathecal complex [Note the large spermathecal invagination that tapers to a narrow tubule in the upper part of the bowl.] E Tip of bursa copulatrix with granulose, conical connection with bursal gland (A–D Cayo District, Belize; E State of Carabobo, Venezuela). Abbreviations: b.c. bursa copulatrix b.d. bursal duct b.gl. bursal gland b.gl.c. connection between bursal gland and bursa copulatrix inv spermathecal invagination lpeg large peg on distal part of bursal duct sg subgenitale sp spermatheca speg small peg on basal part of bursal duct sp.d. spermathecal duct sp.d.-t brushy terminus of spermathecal duct.