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Brief Summary ( englanti )

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The spider family Antrodiaetidae (foldingdoor trapdoor spiders) includes 33 described species, 21 in the genus Antrodiaetus and 12 in the genus Aliatypus (Platnick 2013). These mygalomorph spiders occur in the continental United States, where they are widespread, and in British Columbia (Canada), as well as in Japan (according to Platnick [2013], there are 31 species in North America north of Mexico and two species in Japan). The North American Antrodiaetus species inhabit three main geographic regions: the deciduous forests of the eastern United States, the forested “sky islands” of the southwestern United States,and various habitats throughout the northwestern United States and adjacent portions of southwestern Canada (Hendrixson and Bond 2007).

Antrodiaetids excavate burrows that they line with silk, at least near the entrance. Many Antrodiaetus species construct the foldingdoors that give this family its common name. These spiders build a burrow with a loose silk collar that is pliable and can be pulled together, forming an invisible seam. Another group of three species, which used to be classified in a separate genus (Atypoides) but are now merged into Antrodiaetus (Hendrixson and Bond 2007), build a burrow with a turret. Aliatypus species build a burrow with a thin, hinged trapdoor. When closed, collars and trapdoors are very difficult to locate because the external surface often closely matches the surrounding substrate. When active, these spiders open their collars or trapdoors at night and wait just inside the entrance to strike at passing prey that the spiders detect by sensing substrate vibrations. As is the case for many burrow-inhabiting spiders, most encounters with humans involve wandering males. When mature, males abandon their burrows during rainy periods and wander in search of females.

Key references on the natural history and systematics of these spiders are Coyle (1971) and Coyle and Icenogle (1994). Hendrixson and Bond (2005) demonstrated that Antrodiaetus unicolor is actually a complex of cryptic species. Cokendolpher et al. (2005) described four new Antrodiaetus species from southwestern Oregon (U.S.A.) and Hedin and Carlson (2011) described a new Aliatypus species from California.

(Coyle 2005; Bradley 2013)

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Antrodiètids ( valencia )

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Els antrodiètids (Antrodiaetidae) són una família d'aranyes migalomorfes.[3] Fou descrita per Willis J. Gertsch el 1940.[1]

Distribució

La seva distribució es redueix, amb algunes excepcions, al territori dels EUA amb tres zones:[4]

  • a l'oest (Califòrnia, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, Oregon, Washington, Idaho),
  • al mig oest (Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas, Illinois)
  • a l'est (fonamentalment a les Muntanyes Apalatxes).[5]

Dues espècies, Antrodiaetus roretzi i Antrodiaetus yesoensis, són endèmiques al Japó. Es consideren espècie relíquia a causa de fenòmens de vicariança, és a dir, que la població ha quedat dividida per l'aparició d'una barrera determinada o l'extinció de poblacions intermèdies, impedint d'aquesta manera el flux gènic i afavorint l'especiació.,[6]

Gèneres

És una família petita amb només 2 gèneres:[2][7]

Fins fa uns anys i havia un tercer gènere, Atypoides (O. P.-Cambridge, 1883) que actualment és una sinonímia d' Antrodiaetus. Havia sigut una de les dues famílies del superfamília dels atipoideids, actualment no reconeguda.[8][9] Però tenen algunes característiques que els apropen als atípids.

Fòssils

Segons el World Spider Catalog versió 19.0 (2018), existeixen els següents gèneres fòssils:[10]

Referències

  1. 1,0 1,1 Gertsch, 1940. Citat a Comstock, J. H. (1940). The spider book, revised and edited by W. J. Gertsch. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithaca, xi + 727 pp.
  2. 2,0 2,1 «Currently valid spider genera and species». World Spider Catalog. [Consulta: 26 agost 2017].
  3. (anglès) Referència World Spider Catalog : Antrodiaetidae +base de dades . Accés el 4 de febrer de 2019
  4. Hendrixson, B. E. & Bond, J.E. (2005). Two sympatric species of Antrodiaetus from southwestern North Carolina (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Antrodiaetidae). Zootaxa 872:1-19. A. unicolor, A. microunicolor (PDF)
  5. Marshal Hedin, personal communication (2006)
  6. Miller, J.A & Coyle, F.A. (1996). Cladistic analysis of the Atypoides plus Antrodiaetus lineage of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae, Antrodiaetidae). Journal of Arachnology 24(3):201-213. PDF - Abstract
  7. «Family: Antrodiaetidae Gertsch, 1940 (genus list)». World Spider Catalog. [Consulta: 26 agost 2017].
  8. Coddington, Jonathan A. Spiders of North America: an identification manual. American Arachnological Society, 2005, p. 18–24 [Consulta: 24 setembre 2015]. «Phylogeny and classification of spiders»
  9. World Spider Catalog. «World Spider Catalog version 19.0». Natural History Museum Bern, 2018. [Consulta: 11 juliol 2018].
  10. Dunlop, J. A., Penney, D. & Jekel, D. 2018. "A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives". A World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern, online a http://wsc.nmbe.ch, versió 19.0. Accés el 13 de desembre de 2018.

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Antrodiètids: Brief Summary ( valencia )

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Els antrodiètids (Antrodiaetidae) són una família d'aranyes migalomorfes. Fou descrita per Willis J. Gertsch el 1940.

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Antrodiaetidae ( englanti )

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Antrodiaetidae, also known as folding trapdoor spiders or folding-door spiders, is a small spider family related to atypical tarantulas. They are found almost exclusively in the western and midwestern United States, from California to Washington and east to the Appalachian mountains.[1] Exceptions include Antrodiaetus roretzi and Antrodiaetus yesoensis, which are endemic to Japan and are considered relict species. It is likely that two separate vicariance events led to the evolution of these two species.[2]

Genera

As of July 2020, the World Spider Catalog accepted the following genera:[1]

  • Aliatypus Smith, 1908 — United States
  • Antrodiaetus Ausserer, 1871 — United States, Japan
  • Atypoides O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1883 — United States
  • Hexura Simon, 1884 — United States

Name

The name “folding-door” describes how they open or close the entrance to their burrow; they unfold or fold the door.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Family: Antrodiaetidae Gertsch, 1940". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 2020-07-24.
  2. ^ Miller, J.A; Coyle, F.A. (1996). "Cladistic analysis of the Atypoides plus Antrodiaetus lineage of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae, Antrodiaetidae)" (PDF). Journal of Arachnology. 24 (3): 201–213.
  • Hendrixson, B.E. & Bond, J.E. (2005). Two sympatric species of Antrodiaetus from southwestern North Carolina (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Antrodiaetidae). Zootaxa 872:1-19. PDF (A. unicolor, A. microunicolor)

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Antrodiaetidae: Brief Summary ( englanti )

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Antrodiaetidae, also known as folding trapdoor spiders or folding-door spiders, is a small spider family related to atypical tarantulas. They are found almost exclusively in the western and midwestern United States, from California to Washington and east to the Appalachian mountains. Exceptions include Antrodiaetus roretzi and Antrodiaetus yesoensis, which are endemic to Japan and are considered relict species. It is likely that two separate vicariance events led to the evolution of these two species.

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Antrodiaetidae ( kastilia )

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Los antrodiétidos (Antrodiaetidae) son una familia de arañas migalomorfas, concretamente una de las dos familias de la superfamilia de los atipoideidos, razón por la cual presentan características similares a los atípidos.

Géneros

Es una familia pequeña que consta de 2 géneros: Según The World Spider Catalog 11.5:[1]

Distribución

Su distribución se reduce, salvo excepciones al territorio estadounidense, en tres zonas:

  • al oeste (California, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, Oregon, Washington, Idaho)
  • al medio oeste (Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas, Illinois)
  • al este (fundamentalmente en las Montañas Apalaches).[2]

Dos especies, Antrodiaetus roretzi y Antrodiaetus yesoensis, son endémicas de Japón. Se consideran especies reliquia a causa de fenómenos de vicariancia,[3]​ es decir, que la población quedó dividida por la aparición de una barrera determinada o por la extinción de poblaciones intermedias, impidiendo así el flujo génico y favoreciendo la especiación.

Véase también

Referencias

  1. Platnick, 2011: The world spider catalog (American Museum of Natural History).
  2. Marshal Hedin, personal communication (2006)
  3. Miller, J.A & Coyle, F.A. (1996). Cladistic analysis of the Atypoides plus Antrodiaetus lineage of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae, Antrodiaetidae). Journal of Arachnology 24(3):201-213. PDF Archivado el 1 de octubre de 2020 en Wayback Machine. - Abstract Archivado el 23 de septiembre de 2006 en Wayback Machine.
  • Hendrixson, B. E. & Bond, J.E. (2005). Two sympatric species of Antrodiaetus from southwestern North Carolina (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Antrodiaetidae). Zootaxa 872:1-19. A. unicolor, A. microunicolor (PDF)

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Antrodiaetidae: Brief Summary ( kastilia )

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Los antrodiétidos (Antrodiaetidae) son una familia de arañas migalomorfas, concretamente una de las dos familias de la superfamilia de los atipoideidos, razón por la cual presentan características similares a los atípidos.

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Antrodiaetidae ( ranska )

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Les Antrodiaetidae sont une famille d'araignées mygalomorphes[1].

Distribution

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Distribution.

Les espèces de cette famille se rencontrent aux États-Unis, au Canada et au Japon[1],[2].

Description

Leur morphologie est très proche de celles des Atypidae et des Ctenizidae. Elles pratiquent la chasse à l'affût.

Paléontologie

Cette famille est connue depuis le Crétacé[3].

Taxonomie

Cette famille rassemble 37 espèces dans quatre genres[1].

Liste des genres

Selon World Spider Catalog (version 20.0, 17/05/2019)[4] :

Selon The World Spider Catalog (version 19.5, 2019)[3] :

Publication originale

  • Comstock, 1940 : The spider book, revised and edited by W. J. Gertsch. Cornell University Press, p. 1-727.

Notes et références

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Antrodiaetidae: Brief Summary ( ranska )

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Les Antrodiaetidae sont une famille d'araignées mygalomorphes.

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Antrodiaetidae ( Italia )

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Antrodiaetidae Gertsch, 1940 è una famiglia di ragni appartenente all'infraordine Mygalomorphae.

Etimologia

Il nome deriva dal latino antrum, cioè cavità, cunicolo e dal latino diaeta, cioè dimora, stanza, tana, in quanto è posizionato, alquanto immobile, all'interno di cunicoli che costruisce nel terreno, aspettando in agguato che qualche insetto vi cada dentro, ed il suffisso -idae, che designa l'appartenenza ad una famiglia.

Comportamento

La caratteristica degli appartenenti a questa famiglia è, appunto, la costruzione di cunicoli di moderata lunghezza, sotterranei e ben nascosti, foderati di seta internamente in modo da non dare alcuno scampo all'insetto che passa lì vicino o vi vada a finire dentro. Durante le ore del giorno queste trappole sono celate alla vista da un colletto o una piccola torretta; appena dopo il crepuscolo i ragni sostengono aperto il colletto con le zampe, in modo da poter afferrare subito gli ignari insetti che passano nei pressi o che vi cadono dentro. Essendo ragni di abitudini notturne sono difficilissimi da fotografare.

Distribuzione

La maggior parte delle specie è diffusa negli Stati Uniti, dai monti Appalachi, al Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas e Illinois, fino alla California, Nevada, Arizona, Utah, Oregon, Washington e Idaho.

Solo le specie Antrodiaetus roretzi e Antrodiaetus yesoensis sono endemiche del Giappone. Sono considerate specie relitte: secondo Miller e Coyle, in uno studio del 1996, due eventi separati di speciazione allopatrica hanno probabilmente condotto all'evoluzione di queste due specie.[1]

Secondo uno studio del 2007 di Hendrixson e Bond le tre specie dell'ex-genere Atypoides vanno incluse nel genere Antrodiaetus.[2]

 src=
Antrodiaetidae, distribuzione

Tassonomia

Attualmente, a novembre 2020, si compone di 4 generi e 37 specie viventi[3] e di un genere fossile[4]:

Note

  1. ^ Miller, J.A & Coyle, F.A., 1996 - Cladistic analysis of the "Atypoides" plus "Antrodiaetus" lineage of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae, Antrodiaetidae)
  2. ^ Hendrixson, B.E. & Bond, J.E., 2007 - Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of an ancient Holarctic lineage of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae: Antrodiaetidae: Antrodiaetus)
  3. ^ World Spider Catalogue, versione 21.5, Famiglie di ragni, con numero di generi e specie URL consultato il 27 novembre 2020, su wsc.nmbe.ch.
  4. ^ Aracnidi fossili URL consultato il 27 giugno 2014 (PDF), su research.amnh.org.

Bibliografia

  • Coyle, F., 1971 - Systematics and natural history of the mygalomorph spider genus Antrodiaetus and related genera (Araneae, Antrodiaetidae), Bulletin of The Museum of Comparative Zoology, vol.141, p. 269-402
  • Coyle, F. & Icenogle, W., 1994 - Natural history of the californian trapdoor spider genus Aliatypus (Araneae, Antrodiaetidae), Journal of Arachnology, vol.22, p. 225-255 Articolo in PDF (PDF), su americanarachnology.org (archiviato dall'url originale il 3 marzo 2016).
  • Miller, J.A & Coyle, F.A., 1996 - Cladistic analysis of the "Atypoides" plus "Antrodiaetus" lineage of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae, Antrodiaetidae). Journal of Arachnology, vol.24(3), p. 201-213. Articolo in PDF (PDF), su americanarachnology.org. URL consultato il 29 luglio 2012 (archiviato dall'url originale il 1º ottobre 2020).
  • Hendrixson, B.E. & Bond, J.E., 2005 - Two sympatric species of "Antrodiaetus" from southwestern North Carolina (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Antrodiaetidae). Zootaxa, vol.872, p. 1-19. Articolo in PDF (PDF), su core.ecu.edu (archiviato dall'url originale il 19 settembre 2006). (A. unicolor, A. microunicolor)
  • Hendrixson, B.E. & Bond, J.E., 2007 - Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of an ancient Holarctic lineage of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae: Antrodiaetidae: Antrodiaetus). Molec. Phylogen. Evol. vol.42, p. 738-755. PDF (PDF), su mapress.com.

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Antrodiaetidae: Brief Summary ( Italia )

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Antrodiaetidae Gertsch, 1940 è una famiglia di ragni appartenente all'infraordine Mygalomorphae.

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Antrodiaetidae ( flaami )

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Antrodiaetidae zijn een familie van spinnen. De familie telt 2 beschreven geslachten en 32 soorten.[2]

Voorkomen

De soorten uit de familie van Antrodiaetidae komen voor in de Verenigde Staten en Japan.

Geslachten

Taxonomie

Voor een overzicht van de geslachten en soorten behorende tot de familie zie de lijst van Antrodiaetidae.

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties
  1. Gertsch, W.J. (1940) Five new wolf-spiders from Florida. Florida Ent. 23: 17-23.
  2. Platnick, Norman I. (2010):The world spider catalog, version 11.0. American Museum of Natural History.
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Antrodiaetidae: Brief Summary ( flaami )

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Antrodiaetidae zijn een familie van spinnen. De familie telt 2 beschreven geslachten en 32 soorten.

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Antrodiaetidae ( norja )

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Antrodiaetidae er en gruppe (familie) av edderkopper som tilhører den forholdsvis primitive gruppen Mygalomorphae. Disse edderkoppene finnes nesten bare i USA.

Utseende

Antrodiaetidae tilhører gruppen mygalomorfe edderkopper, der chelicerene har klør som peker bakover. De er middelsstore til nokså store (5-25 mm), kraftige edderkopper med særlig kraftige bein. De er ikke påfallende hårete, virker ved første øyekast nesten nakne, og er brune på farge, gjerne noe blanke, beina gjerne litt rødlige. De åtte øynene sitter samlet i et rektangulært område foran på forkroppen, de fire bakerste øynene er gruppert i ett par på hver side, de fire fremste danner en tverrlinje med lik avstand mellom de fire. Chelicerene er store, klørne peker bakover og litt innover. Bakkroppen er gjerne forholdsvis liten bortsett fra eggfylte hunner. Den har en oval. mørk plate foran på ryggen. Bakerst er det to par spinnvorter, de ytre er lange og tre-leddete, de indre er kortere, en-leddete og litt kølleformede. Hannens palpeorganer (parringsorganer) er formet som en enkel sprøyte.

Levevis

Som de fleste mygalomorfe edderkoppene sitter de gjerne stille inne i en silkekledt gang og venter på at byttedyr skal passere innen rekkevidde. Hos noen arter er inngangen til tunnelen litt opphøyet som et lite tårn. Åpningen blir lukket av en foldet dør eller en fall-lem av silke og planterester.

Utbredelse

Denne familien er nesten utelukkende utbredt i USA, der de finnes både i den østlige og den vestlige, men ikke i de sentrale delene. I tillegg er det kjent to arter fra Japan.


Systematisk inndeling

Treliste


Eksterne lenker

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Antrodiaetidae: Brief Summary ( norja )

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Antrodiaetidae er en gruppe (familie) av edderkopper som tilhører den forholdsvis primitive gruppen Mygalomorphae. Disse edderkoppene finnes nesten bare i USA.

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Antrodiaetidae ( portugali )

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'Antrodiaetidaei é uma família de aranhas migalomorfas pertencente à superfamília das Atypoidea.[1]

Géneros

A família Antrodiaetidae é uma família pequena, contendo apenas 2 géneros:[2]

Distribuição

A distribuição natural da família está essencialmente centrada na América do Norte, com áreas descontínuas no oese, centro e nos Apalaches.[3]

Naquilo que parecer ser o resultado de uma antiga distribuição mais alargada, as espécies Antrodiaetus roretzi e Antrodiaetus yesoensis são endémicas do Japão. As espécies japoneses são consideradas espécies relíquia, consequência de fenómenos de vicariância,[4] estando a população dividida pela aparição de uma barreira determinada pela extinção de populações intermédias, impedindo o fluxo génico e favorecendo a especiação.

Ver também

Notas

  1. «Antrodiaetidae» (em inglês). ITIS (www.itis.gov)
  2. Platnick, 2011 : The world spider catalog (American Museum of Natural History).
  3. Marshal Hedin, personal communication (2006)
  4. Miller, J.A & Coyle, F.A. (1996) Análisesladistic analysis of the Atypoides plus Antrodiaetus lineage of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae, Antrodiaetidae). Journal of Arachnology 24(3):201-213. PDF - Abstract Arquivado em 23 de setembro de 2006, no Wayback Machine.

Referências

  • Hendrixson, B. E. & Bond, J.E. (2005). Two sympatric species of Antrodiaetus from southwestern North Carolina (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Antrodiaetidae). Zootaxa 872:1-19. A. unicolor, A. microunicolor (PDF)

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Antrodiaetidae: Brief Summary ( portugali )

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'Antrodiaetidaei é uma família de aranhas migalomorfas pertencente à superfamília das Atypoidea.

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Antrodiaetidae ( turkki )

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Antrodiaetidae, Kuzey Amerika ile Japonya'da yaygın 2 cins ve 33 tür [1] ile temsil edilen örümcek familyası.

Yayılımı

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (32 tür) ile Japonya'da (2 tür) yayılım gösterir.

ABD'de batıda (Kaliforniya, Arizona, Nevada, Utah, Oregon, Washington, Idaho), ortabatıda (Missouri, Kansas, Arkansas, Illinois ve doğuda (Apalaş Dağları) olmak üzere üç bölgede bulunur.

Cinsleri

Kaynakça

Dış bağlantılar

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Antrodiaetidae: Brief Summary ( turkki )

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Antrodiaetidae, Kuzey Amerika ile Japonya'da yaygın 2 cins ve 33 tür ile temsil edilen örümcek familyası.

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Antrodiaetidae ( venäjä )

tarjonnut wikipedia русскую Википедию
Царство: Животные
Подцарство: Эуметазои
Без ранга: Первичноротые
Без ранга: Линяющие
Без ранга: Panarthropoda
Подтип: Хелицеровые
Отряд: Пауки
Подотряд: Opisthothelae
Семейство: Antrodiaetidae
Международное научное название

Antrodiaetidae Gertsch, 1940

Ареал

изображение

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Систематика
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ITIS 847707NCBI 224614EOL 8821FW 257447

Antrodiaetidae (лат. ) — семейство мигаломорфных пауков (Mygalomorphae). Около 30 видов[1].

Распространение

США и Япония[2].

Описание

Два вида (Antrodiaetus roretzi and A. yesoensis) эндемичны для Японии. Они рассматриваются реликтовыми формами (Miller & Coyle, 1996)[3]. Три вида бывшего рода Atypoides теперь включают в род Antrodiaetus (Hendrixson & Bond, 2007)[4]. Известны в ископаемом состоянии: вид Cretacattyma raveni Eskov & Zonstein, 1990 обнаружен в меловых отложения Монголии[5][6].

Систематика

2 современных рода, один ископаемый и около 30 видов[7][8]

  • Aliatypus Smith, 1908
  • Antrodiaetus Ausserer, 1871
    • =Acattyma L. Koch, 1878
    • =Atypoides O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1883
    • =Brachybothrium Simon, 1884
  • Cretacattyma Eskov & Zonstein, 1990[6]

Примечания

  1. Каталог пауков мира (число видов и родов) (англ.). World Spider Catalog (2016), version 17.0. Natural History Museum Bern. Проверено 15 марта 2016.
  2. Family: Antrodiaetidae (неопр.). World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Проверено 9 ноября 2015.
  3. Miller, J.A & Coyle, F.A. (1996). Cladistic analysis of the Atypoides plus Antrodiaetus lineage of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae, Antrodiaetidae). Journal of Arachnology 24(3):201-213. PDF - Abstract Архивировано 23 сентября 2006 года.
  4. Hendrixson, B.E. & Bond, J.E. (2007). Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of an ancient Holarctic lineage of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae: Antrodiaetidae: Antrodiaetus). Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 42: 738-755. DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.09.010
  5. Jason A. Dunlop, David Penney & Denise Jekel. A summary list of fossil spiders and their relatives. (Архивировано 28 марта 2016 года.)
  6. 1 2 Eskov, K. Y. & Zonstein, S. 1990. First Mesozoic mygalomorph spiders from the Lower Cretaceous of Siberia and Mongolia, with notes on the system and evolution of the infraorder Mygalomorphae (Chelicerata: Araneae). — Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen, 178: 325–368.
  7. Family: Antrodiaetidae (неопр.). World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Проверено 9 ноября 2015.
  8. Coyle1971. Systematics and natural history of the mygalomorph spider genus Antrodiaetus and related genera (Araneae: Antrodiaetidae). — Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 141: 269-402.
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Antrodiaetidae: Brief Summary ( venäjä )

tarjonnut wikipedia русскую Википедию

Antrodiaetidae (лат. ) — семейство мигаломорфных пауков (Mygalomorphae). Около 30 видов.

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穴蛛科 ( kiina )

tarjonnut wikipedia 中文维基百科
多樣性 3屬35種 Distribution.antrodiaetidae.1.png

Aliatypus Smith, 1908
Antrodiaetus Ausserer, 1871

穴蛛科Antrodiaetidae)是地蛛總科下的一個

分佈

穴蛛科下的大部份生物都位於美國西部及東部。[1]

Antrodiaetus roretziA. yesoensis原産於日本[2]

参考文献

  1. ^ Marshal Hedin, personal communication (2006)
  2. ^ Miller & Coyle, 1996
  • Miller, J.A & Coyle, F.A. (1996). Cladistic analysis of the Atypoides plus Antrodiaetus lineage of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae, Antrodiaetidae). Journal of Arachnology 24(3):201-213. PDF - Abstract
  • Hendrixson, B.E. & Bond, J.E. (2005). Two sympatric species of Antrodiaetus from southwestern North Carolina (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Antrodiaetidae). Zootaxa 872:1-19. PDF (A. unicolor, A. microunicolor)
  • Hendrixson, B.E. & Bond, J.E. (2007). Molecular phylogeny and biogeography of an ancient Holarctic lineage of mygalomorph spiders (Araneae: Antrodiaetidae: Antrodiaetus). Molec. Phylogen. Evol. 42: 738-755. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2006.09.010
  • Platnick, Norman I. (2008): The world spider catalog, version 8.5. American Museum of Natural History.

外部連結

 src= 维基物种中的分类信息:穴蛛科  src= 维基共享资源中相关的多媒体资源:穴蛛科 小作品圖示这是一篇與蜘蛛相關的小作品。你可以通过编辑或修订扩充其内容。
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穴蛛科: Brief Summary ( kiina )

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穴蛛科(Antrodiaetidae)是地蛛總科下的一個

lisenssi
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维基百科作者和编辑
alkuperäinen
käy lähteessä
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wikipedia 中文维基百科