Kirkupöllöset

Megascops a zo ur genad e rummatadur an evned, ennañ touded bihan, krouet e 1848 gant an naturour alaman Johann Jakob Kaup (1803-1873).

Spesadoù hag an isspesadoù anezhe^[1]

Pevar spesad warn-ugent a ya d'ober ar genad :

• Megascops albogularis
  • M. a. albogularis, macabrus, meridensis, obscurus ha remotus,
• Megascops asio
  • M. a. asio, floridanus, hasbroucki, maxwelliae ha mccallii,
• Megascops atricapilla,
• Megascops barbarus,
• Megascops centralis,
• Megascops choliba
  • M. c. choliba, cruciger, decussatus, duidae, luctisonus, margaritae, surutus, uruguaii ha wetmorei,
• Megascops clarkii,
• Megascops cooperi
  • M. c. cooperi ha lambi,
• Megascops gilesi,
• Megascops guatemalae
  • M. g. cassini, dacrysistactus, fuscus, guatemalae ha hastatus,
• Megascops hoyi,
• Megascops ingens
  • M. i. colombianus, ingens ha venezuelanus,

• Megascops kennicottii
  • M. k. aikeni, bendirei, cardonensis, kennicottii, macfarlanei, suttoni, vinaceus, xantusi ha yumanensis,
• Megascops koepckeae
  • M. k. hockingi ha koepckeae,
• Megascops marshalli,
• Megascops nudipes
  • M. n. newtoni ha nudipes,
• Megascops petersoni,
• Megascops roboratus
  • M. r. pacificus ha roboratus,
• Megascops roraimae
  • M. r. napensis, pallidus ha roraimae,
• Megascops sanctaecatarinae,
• Megascops seductus,
• Megascops trichopsis
  • M. t. aspersus, mesamericanus ha trichopsis,
• Megascops vermiculatus,
• Megascops watsonii
  • M. w. usta ha watsonii.

O c'havout a reer en Amerika, daou isspesad ha hanter-kant (52) dezhe en holl.

Notennoù ha daveennoù

Megascops és un gènere d'ocells de la família dels estrígids (Strigidae). Antany es classificaven aquestes aus, juntament amb els xots del gènere Otus, però van ser separades basant-se en diferències biogeogràfiques, morfològiques, etològiques, i estudis de seqüenciació d'ADN. Aquests ocells habiten ambdues Amèriques.

Espècies

Aquest gènere conté 22 espècies:

• xot gorjablanc (Megascops albogularis).
• xot de Carolina (Megascops asio).
• xot variable (Megascops atricapilla).
• xot barbut (Megascops barbarus).
• xot tropical (Megascops choliba).
• xot de Clark (Megascops clarkii).
• xot de Colòmbia (Megascops colombianus).
• xot de Cooper (Megascops cooperi).
• xot de Guatemala (Megascops guatemalae).
• xot de Hoy (Megascops hoyi).
• xot de Salvin (Megascops ingens).
• xot de Califòrnia (Megascops kennicottii).
• xot de Koepcke (Megascops koepckeae).
• xot de Marshall (Megascops marshalli).
• xot de Puerto Rico (Megascops nudipes).
• xot de Peterson (Megascops petersoni).
• xot del Perú (Megascops roboratus).
• xot de Santa Catarina (Megascops sanctaecatarinae).
• xot del Balsas (Megascops seductus).
• xot de bigotis (Megascops trichopsis).
• xot vermiculat (Megascops vermiculatus).
• xot de Watson (Megascops watsonii).

A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Megascops

Die Kreischeulen (Megascops) sind eine Gattung der Eigentlichen Eulen (Strigidae). Die Gattung enthält etwa 30 Arten, die früher in die Zwergohreulen (Otus) eingestellt wurden. Es handelt sich um kleine bis mittelgroße Eulen, die ausschließlich in Amerika vorkommen. Die meisten Kreischeulen sind ausschließlich nachtaktiv und jagen vor allem große Insekten und andere kleine Beutetiere.

Arten

Die folgende Liste stellt die einzelnen Arten der Kreischeulen vor:

• Weißkehl-Kreischeule (Megascops albogularis)
• Megascops alagoensis^[1]
• Ost-Kreischeule (Megascops asio)
• Schwarzkappen-Kreischeule (Megascops atricapillus)
• Tropfen-Kreischeule (Megascops barbarus)
• Choliba-Kreischeule (Megascops choliba)
• Nacktbein-Kreischeule (Megascops clarkii)
• Kolumbien-Kreischeule (Megascops colombianus)
• Mangroven-Kreischeule (Megascops cooperi)
• Guatemala-Kreischeule (Megascops guatemalae)
• Santa-Marta-Kreischeule (Megascops gilesi)
• Bergwald-Kreischeule (Megascops hoyi)
• Salvin-Kreischeule (Megascops ingens)
• West-Kreischeule (Megascops kennicottii)
• Andenkreischeule (Megascops koepckeae)
• Oaxaca-Kreischeule (Megascops lambi)
• Nebelwald-Kreischeule (Megascops marshalli)
• Rio-Napo-Kreischeule (Megascops napensis)
• Puerto Rico-Kreischeule (Megascops nudipes)
• Tumbes-Kreischeule (Megascops pacificus)
• Zimt-Kreischeule (Megascops petersoni)
• Peru-Kreischeule (Megascops roboratus)
• Roraima-Kreischeule (Megascops roraimae)
• Santa-Catarina-Kreischeule (Megascops sanctaecatarinae)
• Balsas-Kreischeule (Megascops seductus)
• Megascops stangiae^[1]
• Flecken-Kreischeule (Megascops trichopsis)
• Usta-Kreischeule (Megascops usta)
• Kritzel-Kreischeule (Megascops vermiculatus)
• Watson-Kreischeule (Megascops watsonii)

Literatur

• Claus König, Friedhelm Weick: Owls of the World. Christopher Helm, London 2008, ISBN 978-0-7136-6548-2

Einzelnachweise

1. ↑ ^{a b} Sidnei M. Dantas et al. 2021. Multi-character taxonomic review, systematics, and biogeography of the Black-capped/Tawny-bellied Screech Owl (Megascops atricapilla-M. watsonii) complex (Aves: Strigidae). Zootaxa 4949 (3); doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4949.3.1

Méstahke, ve'kêseho-éve.

• 
• 
• 
• 
• Méstâhkeo'o.

Screech owls are typical owls (Strigidae) belonging to the genus Megascops with 23 living species. For most of the 20th century, this genus was merged with the Old World scops owls in Otus, but nowadays it is again considered separately based on a range of behavioral, biogeographical, morphological, and DNA sequence data.

Screech owls are restricted to the Americas. Some species formerly placed with them are nowadays considered more distinct (see below for details).

Description

Similar to other owls, the screech owl females are larger than the males of their species. They have a compact size and shape. They are small and agile, and about 7 to 10 inches tall and have a wingspan around 18 to 24 inches. They have prominent, wide-set feather tufts with bright yellow/green eyes. They have different brownish hues with whitish, patterned underside. This coloration helps them get camouflage against the tree bark.

Ecology and behavior

Screech owls hunt from perches in semiopen landscapes. They prefer areas that contain old trees with hollows; these are home to their prey, which includes insects, reptiles, small mammals such as bats and mice, and small birds. Screech owls have a good sense of hearing, which helps them locate their prey in any habitat. They also possess well-developed raptorial claws and a curved bill, both of which are used for tearing their prey into pieces small enough to swallow easily. They usually carry their prey back to their nests, presumably to guard against the chance of losing their meal to a larger raptor.

Screech owls are primarily solitary. During the late winter breeding season, however, males make nests in cavities, sometimes reusing abandoned nests of other animals, to try to attract females. The females select their mate based on the quality of the cavity and the food located inside. During the incubation period, the male feeds the female. These birds are monogamous, with biparental care. The young of most screech owls are altricial to semialtricial.^[1]

Northern screech owls are found in eastern states, such as New Jersey and New York. The screech owls are named for their piercing calls. Their normal territorial call is not a hoot as with some owls, but a trill consisting of more than four individual calls per second given in rapid succession (although the sound does not resemble screeching or screaming). They also have a kind of "song" used in courtship, and as a duet, between members of a pair. Calls differ widely between species in type and pitch, and in the field are often the first indication of these birds' presence, as well as the most reliable means to distinguish between species. The distinctness of many species of screech owls was first realized when vastly differing calls of externally similar birds from adjacent regions were noted.

Evolution, taxonomy, and systematics

The genus Megascops was introduced by German naturalist Johann Jakob Kaup in 1848.^[2] The type species is the eastern screech owl (Megascops asio).^[3] The evolutionary relationships of the scops and screech owls are not entirely clear. What is certain is that they are very closely related; they may be considered sister lineages which fill essentially the same ecological niche in their allopatric ranges. A screech owl fossil from the Late Pliocene of Kansas^[4] (which is almost identical to eastern and western screech owls) indicates a longstanding presence of these birds in the Americas, while coeval scops owl fossils very similar to the Eurasian scops owl have been found at S'Onix on Majorca.^[5] The scops and screech owl lineage probably evolved at some time during the Miocene (like most other genera of typical owls), and the three (see below) modern lineages separated perhaps roughly 5 million years ago. Note, no reliable estimate of divergence time is known, as Otus and Megascops are osteologically very similar, as is to be expected from a group that has apparently conserved its ecomorphology since before its evolutionary radiation. Like almost all scops and screech owls today, their common ancestor was in all probability already a small owl, with ear tufts and at least the upper tarsus ("leg") feathered.

However that may be, the hypothesis that the group evolved from Old World stock^[6] is tentatively supported by cytochrome b sequence data.^[7][8] The screech owls also have a different placement of the procoracoid (less of an anterior incline) and coracoid bones compared to other New World owls.^[9]

The splitting of Otus sensu lato

While late-19th-century ornithologists knew little of the variation of these birds, which often live in far-off places, with every new taxon described a few differences between the Old and New World "scops" owls became more and more prominent. Namely, the scops owls give a whistling call or a row of high-pitched hoots with fewer than four individual hoots per second. This call is given in social interaction or when the owl tries to scare away other animals. The screech owls, though, are named for their piercing trills of more than four individual notes per second, and as noted above, they also have a kind of song, which is absent in the scops owls. A few other differences are seen, such as brown coloration below being common in scops owls and almost never seen in screech owls, but the difference in vocalizations is most striking.

By the mid-19th century, Otus was becoming identified as encompassing more than one genus. First, in 1848, the screech owls were split off as Megascops. Subsequently, the highly apomorphic white-throated screech owl of the Andes was placed in the monotypic genus Macabra in 1854. Gymnasio was established in the same year for the Puerto Rican owl, and the bare-legged owl (or "Cuban screech owl") was separated in Gymnoglaux the following year; the latter genus was sometimes merged with Gymnasio by later authors.

By the early 20th century, the lumping together of taxa had come to be preferred. The third edition of the American Ornithologists' Union (AOU) checklist in 1910, placed the screech owls back in Otus. Although this move was never unequivocally accepted, it was the dominant throughout most of the 20th century. In 1988, attempts to resolve this were made by re-establishing all those genera split some 140 years earlier at subgenus rank inside Otus.^[10] Still, the diversity and distinctness of the group failed to come together in a good evolutionary and phylogenetic picture, and until the availability of DNA sequence data,t this could not be resolved. In the mid- to late 1990s, preliminary studies of mtDNA cytochrome b across a wide range of owls found that even the treatment as subgenera was probably unsustainable and suggested that most of the genera proposed around 1850 should be accepted.^[7][8] Though some debate arose about the reliability of these findings at first,^[11] they have been confirmed by subsequent studies. In 2003, the AOU formally accepted the genus Megascops again.^[12]

The bare-legged owl was also confirmed as distinct enough to warrant separation in its own genus. Furthermore, the white-throated screech owl was recognized as part of an ancient lineage of Megascops – including also the whiskered screech owl and the tropical screech owl, which previously were considered to be of unclear relationships – and indeed its call structure is not too dissimilar from the latter. Its distinct coloration, approximated in the southern whiskered screech owl (Megascops trichopsis mesamericanus), is thus likely the result of strong genetic drift.

Additionally, a population of the tropical screech owl from northern Colombia has recently been proposed as the Santa Marta screech owl (Megascops gilesi) to the IOC.^[13][14]

Species

The genus contains 25 species:^[15]

• Whiskered screech owl, Megascops trichopsis
• Bare-shanked screech owl, Megascops clarkii
• White-throated screech owl, Megascops albogularis
• Tropical screech owl, Megascops choliba
• Bearded screech owl, Megascops barbarus
• Pacific screech owl, Megascops cooperi
• Western screech owl, Megascops kennicottii
• Eastern screech owl, Megascops asio
• Balsas screech owl, Megascops seductus
• Alagoas screech owl, Megascops alagoensis – first described in 2021
• Middle American screech owl, Megascops guatemalae
• Vermiculated screech owl, Megascops vermiculatus – split from M. guatemalae
• Koepcke's screech owl, Megascops koepckeae
• Rufescent screech owl, Megascops ingens
• Cinnamon screech owl, Megascops petersoni
• Cloud-forest screech owl, Megascops marshalli
• Yungas screech owl, Megascops hoyi
• Xingu screech owl, Megascops stangiae – first described in 2021
• Chocó screech owl, Megascops centralis – split from M. guatemalae
• Foothill screech owl, Megascops roraimae – split from M. guatemalae
• Long-tufted screech owl, Megascops sanctaecatarinae
• Santa Marta screech owl, Megascops gilesi – first described in 2017
• West Peruvian screech owl, Megascops roboratus
• Tawny-bellied screech owl, Megascops watsonii
• Black-capped screech owl, Megascops atricapilla

References

Megascops es un género de aves strigiformes en la familia Strigidae. Son búhos pequeños, nativos del continente americano. El género tiene actualmente 24 especies reconocidas.^[1]​

Descripción

Todos los miembros de este género son pequeños, compactos y ágiles. La especie Megascops asio es uno de los búhos más pequeños de América del Norte.^[2]​ Las hembras son generalmente más grandes que los machos. En general, su plumaje tiene varias tonalidades de marrón, con la parte inferior más pálida con diversos dibujos que favorecen el camuflaje ante la corteza de los árboles. Algunas especies son polimórficos y pueden manifestarse con un plumaje de color gris o marrón-rojizo.

La mayoría de las especies es activa principalmente en la noche y se alimenta de grandes insectos y otras presas pequeñas.

Especies

Se reconoce actualmente 24 especies:^[1]​

• Megascops albogularis (Cassin, 1849) – autillo gorgiblanco;
• Megascops asio (Linnaeus, 1758) – tecolote oriental;
• Megascops atricapilla (Temminck, 1822) – autillo capirotado;
• Megascops barbarus (P. L. Sclater & Salvin, 1868) – tecolote barbudo o autillo barbudo ;
• Megascops centralis (Hekstra, 1982) – autillo vermiculado;
• Megascops choliba (Vieillot, 1817) – autillo chóliba;
• Megascops clarkii (L. Kelso & E. H. Kelso, 1935) – autillo serrano;
• Megascops colombianus (Traylor, 1952) – autillo colombiano;
• Megascops cooperi (Ridgway, 1878) – autillo de manglar o tecolote de Cooper;
• Megascops gilesi Krabbe, 2017 – autillo de Santa Marta;
• Megascops guatemalae (Sharpe, 1875) – autillo guatemalteco;
• Megascops hoyi (C. Koenig & Straneck, 1989) – autillo fresco;
• Megascops ingens (Salvin, 1897) – autillo pálido;
• Megascops kennicottii (Elliot, 1867) – tecolote occidental o autillo californiano;
• Megascops koepckeae (Hekstra, 1982) – autillo de Koepcke;
• Megascops marshalli (Weske & Terborgh, 1981) – autillo de Marshall;
• Megascops nudipes (Daudin, 1800) – autillo puertorriqueño o mucarito de Puerto Rico;
• Megascops petersoni (Fitzpatrick & O'Neill, 1986) – autillo de Peterson, autillo canela;
• Megascops roboratus (Bangs & Noble, 1918) – autillo peruano;
• Megascops sanctaecatarinae (Salvin, 1897) – autillo de Santa Catarina;
• Megascops seductus (R. T. Moore, 1941) – autillo del Balsas o tecolote del Balsas;
• Megascops trichopsis (Wagler, 1832) – autillo bigotudo, tecolote bigotudo, tecolote rítmico;
• Megascops vermiculatus Ridgway, 1887 – autillo vermiculado;
• Megascops watsonii (Cassin, 1849) – autillo del Amazonas.

Galería

• Megascops nudipes en Puerto Rico

• Cría de Megascops nudipes

• Megascops nudipes sobre un árbol de flamboyán

Referencias

Megascops est un genre d'oiseaux, nommés Petit-duc, appartenant à la famille des Strigidae.

Liste d'espèces

D'après la classification de référence (version 3.5, 2013) du Congrès ornithologique international (COI) (ordre phylogénique) :

• Megascops asio – Petit-duc maculé
• Megascops kennicottii – Petit-duc des montagnes
• Megascops seductus – Petit-duc du Balsas
• Megascops cooperi – Petit-duc de Cooper
• Megascops trichopsis – Petit-duc à moustaches
• Megascops choliba – Petit-duc choliba
• Megascops roboratus – Petit-duc du Pérou
• Megascops koepckeae – Petit-duc de Koepcke
• Megascops clarkii – Petit-duc de Clark
• Megascops barbarus – Petit-duc bridé
• Megascops ingens – Petit-duc de Salvin
• Megascops colombianus – Petit-duc de Colombie
• Megascops petersoni – Petit-duc de Peterson
• Megascops marshalli – Petit-duc de Marshall
• Megascops watsonii – Petit-duc de Watson
• Megascops guatemalae – Petit-duc guatémaltèque
• Megascops vermiculatus – Petit-duc vermiculé
• Megascops roraimae – (?)
• Megascops napensis – (?)
• Megascops centralis – (?)
• Megascops hoyi – Petit-duc de Hoy
• Megascops atricapilla – Petit-duc à mèches noires
• Megascops sanctaecatarinae – Petit-duc à aigrettes longues
• Megascops nudipes – Petit-duc de Porto Rico
• Megascops albogularis – Petit-duc à gorge blanche

L'espèce Petit-duc nain (Psiloscops flammeolus, anciennement Megascops flammeolus) est déplacée par le COI, dans sa classification de référence 3.4 (2013), dans un genre à part, car les analyses phylogéniques montrent qu'elle est distincte génétiquement et base du clade comprenant les Megascops^[1],[2],[3].

Notes et références

Is éan í an ulscréachóg Is baill d'fhine na Strigidae iad.

Megascops Kaup, 1848 è un genere di uccelli appartenente alla famiglia degli Strigidi.^[1]

Tassonomia

Il genere comprende le seguenti specie:^[1]

Note

Vogels

Megascops (Schreeuwuilen) is een geslacht van vogels uit de familie uilen (Strigidae). Het geslacht telt (stand per 2018) 24 soorten.^[1] Tot 1999 werd het geslacht Megascops beschouwd als een deel van de dwergooruilen (Otus)^[2] maar kort voor en na de laatste eeuwwisseling veranderden de opvattingen.^[3] Het geslacht Otus werd daarom opgesplitst. Megascops is een onafhankelijk geslacht dat zich onderscheidt van de dwergooruilen door gedrag, biogeografie en morfologie. DNA-sequencing ondersteunt deze opvatting.^[4]

Soorten

• Megascops albogularis – witkeelschreeuwuil
• Megascops asio – oostelijke schreeuwuil
• Megascops atricapilla – zwartkapschreeuwuil
• Megascops barbarus – santabarbaraschreeuwuil
• Megascops centralis – chocóschreeuwuil
• Megascops choliba – cholibaschreeuwuil
• Megascops clarkii – kaalpootschreeuwuil
• Megascops cooperi – mangroveschreeuwuil
• Megascops gilesi – santamartaschreeuwuil
• Megascops guatemalae – roodwangschreeuwuil
• Megascops hoyi – Hoys schreeuwuil
• Megascops ingens – andesschreeuwuil
  • M. [ingens] colombianus – Colombiaanse schreeuwuil
• Megascops kennicottii – westelijke schreeuwuil
• Megascops koepckeae – Maria Koepckes schreeuwuil
• Megascops marshalli – bosschreeuwuil
• Megascops nudipes – Puertoricaanse schreeuwuil
• Megascops petersoni – kaneelkleurige schreeuwuil
• Megascops roboratus – marañónschreeuwuil
• Megascops roraimae – heuvelschreeuwuil
  • M. r. napensis – rionaposchreeuwuil
• Megascops sanctaecatarinae – langoorschreeuwuil
• Megascops seductus – balsasschreeuwuil
• Megascops trichopsis – gevlekte schreeuwuil
• Megascops vermiculatus – marmerschreeuwuil
• Megascops watsonii – donkerbruine schreeuwuil

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties

Lundugle, Megascops asio, raudbrun morf

Foto: Greg Hume

Systematikk Rike: Animalia Rekkje: Chordata Klasse: Aves Orden: Strigiformes Familie: Strigidae Slekt: Megascops Vitskapleg namn Megascops

Megascops er ei biologisk slekt av små ugler som samlar 21 nolevande kjente artar. Dei er farga i ulike brunaktige fargetonar. Nokre er polymorfe, og finst i ein grå og ein raudbrun morf.

Slekta har utbreiing avgrensa til Amerika og desse uglene er nærskylde Otus-uglene i «den gamle verda». Megascops blei skilt ut frå Otus siste gongen etter år 2000. Ulikskapen i lætet er ein påfallande skilnad mellom Megascops og Otus.

Nemninga på engelsk for Megascops-ugler er 'Screech owls'.

Skilding

Megascops-uglene er 16-25 centimeter i høgd, 45-61 cm i vengespenn og mange har godt synlege fjørtoppar som gjev øyrelignande utsjånad. Dei er farga i ulike brunaktige fargetonar, nokre gonger med ei lysare undersida og eller andlet, noko som bidreg til å kamuflere dei mot borken av tre. Nokre er polymorfe, og finst i ein grå og ein raudbrun morf. Megascops-uglene jaktar frå utkikkspostar i halvopne landskap. Dei føretrekker område som inneheld gamle hòle tre, der dei kan finne bytte som inkluderer insekt, reptil, små pattedyr som flaggermus og mus og andre småfuglar.

Megascops-uglene lever primært som einslege fuglar. Hannfuglen byggjer reiret i eit holrom, nokre gonger opphavleg laga av eit anna dyr. Under rugetida vil hannen mate hoa som rugar. Desse fuglane er monogame, begge foreldra tar omsut for avkommet.^{[treng kjelde]}

Dei normale territoriale ropa er ikkje er typiske uglelæte, men ei trille som består av meir enn 4 raske, individuelle tonar per sekund. I tillegg til dette har dei ein slags song som brukast under kurtise, og i duett mellom medlemmer av eit par.^{[treng kjelde]}

Artslista

Megascops-ugler i rekkjefølgje etter EBird/Clements Checklist v2018^[1] med norske namn etter Norske navn på verdens fugler:^[2]

Kjelder

Referansar

Bakgrunnsstoff

Megascops er en slekt i uglefamilien (Strigidae) som omfatter 20 arter som er endemiske for Amerika.

Inndeling

Inndelingen av Megascops følger Taxonomy in Flux^[1] og er i hovedsak basert på Wink et al. (2008)^[2] og Fuchs et al. (2008b)^[3].

Norske navn på artene følger Norsk navnekomité for fugl og er i henhold til Syvertsen et al. (2008).^[4] Norske navn i parentes er ikke offentlige navn.

• Ugler (Strigiformes)
  • Uglefamilien (Strigidae)
    • Striginae, (egentlige ugler)
      • Megascopini, (hvinugler eller kvinugler)
        • Megascops
          • M. trichopsis, morseugle
          • M. clarkii, panamaugle
          • M. albogularis, andesugle
          • M. choliba, tropeugle
          • M. koepckeae, quechuaugle
          • M. sanctaecatarinae, duskugle
          • M. barbarus, guatemalaugle
          • M. cooperi, krattugle
          • M. asio, lundugle
          • M. kennicottii, totemugle
          • M. seductus, blsasugle
          • M. guatemalae, mestisugle
          • M. roboratus, maranonugle
          • M. watsonii, amazonugle
          • M. atricapilla, indianerugle
          • M. colombianus, colombiaugle
          • M. ingens, tåkeugle
          • M. petersoni, lojaugle
          • M. marshalli, inkaugle
          • M. hoyi, saltaugle

Referanser

Eksterne lenker

• (en) Megascops i Encyclopedia of Life
• (en) Megascops i Global Biodiversity Information Facility
• (en) Megascops hos Fossilworks
• (en) Megascops hos NCBI
• (en) Megascops hos ITIS
• (en) Kategori:Megascops – bilder, video eller lyd på Wikimedia Commons
• Megascops – detaljert informasjon på Wikispecies
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• Megascops på www.owlpages.com
• Megascops på ITIS

Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons

Megascops – rodzaj ptaka z rodziny puszczykowatych (Strigidae).

Zasięg występowania

Rodzaj obejmuje gatunki występujące w Ameryce^[6].

Morfologia

Długość ciała 16–27 cm; masa ciała 70–250 g^[7].

Systematyka

Etymologia

• Athene: w mitologii greckiej Atena (gr. Ἀθήνη Athene, Ἀθηναίη Athenaie) była boginią mądrości, wojny i sztuk wyzwolonych, której ulubionym ptakiem była sowa (γλαυξ glaux), stąd starożytne skojarzenie z jej pierwotną rolą jako bogini nocy^[8]. Gatunek typowy: Strix nudipes Daudin, 1800.
• Megascops: gr. μεγας megas, μεγαλη megalē „wielki”; rodzaj Scops Brünnich, 1772^[9].
• Gymnasio: gr. γυμνος gumnos „goły, nagi”; łac. asio, asionis „typ uszatej sowy”^[10]. Gatunek typowy: Strix nudipes Daudin, 1800.
• Pseudociccaba: gr. ψευδος pseudos „fałszywy”; rodzaj Ciccaba Wagler, 1832, dżunglarka^[11]. Gatunek typowy: Syrnium albogularis Cassin, 1849.

Podział systematyczny

Do rodzaju należą następujące gatunki^[12]:

• Megascops kennicottii – syczoń zachodni
• Megascops seductus – syczoń samotny
• Megascops cooperii – syczoń namorzynowy
• Megascops asio – syczoń krzykliwy
• Megascops trichopsis – syczoń plamisty
• Megascops choliba – syczoń tropikalny
• Megascops roboratus – syczoń peruwiański
• Megascops koepckeae – syczoń andyjski
• Megascops clarkii – syczoń panamski
• Megascops barbarus – syczoń oczkowany
• Megascops ingens – syczoń włochaty
• Megascops petersoni – syczoń jarzębaty
• Megascops marshalli – syczoń prążkowany
• Megascops watsonii – syczoń amazoński
• Megascops guatemalae – syczoń zmienny
• Megascops centralis – syczoń białoplamy – takson wyodrębniony ostatnio z M. guatemalae^[13]
• Megascops roraimae – syczoń wyżynny – takson wyodrębniony ostatnio z M. guatemalae^[13]
• Megascops gilesi – syczoń stokowy
• Megascops hoyi – syczoń argentyński
• Megascops atricapilla – syczoń ciemnogłowy
• Megascops sanctaecatarinae – syczoń długodzioby
• Megascops nudipes – syczoń portorykański
• Megascops albogularis – syczoń białogardły

Przypisy

Bibliografia

1. J.A. Jobling: Key to Scientific Names in Ornithology. W: J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D.A. Christie & E. de Juana (red.): Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 2018. [dostęp 2018-06-15]. (ang.)

Megascops é um gênero de aves da família Strigidae.

As seguintes espécies são reconhecidas:^[1]

• Megascops asio (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Megascops kennicottii (Elliot, 1867)
• Megascops seductus (Moore, RT, 1941)
• Megascops cooperi (Ridgway, 1878)
• Megascops trichopsis (Wagler, 1832)
• Megascops choliba (Vieillot, 1817)
• Megascops roboratus (Bangs & Noble, 1918)
• Megascops koepckeae (Hekstra, 1982)
• Megascops clarkii (Kelso, L & Kelso, EH, 1935)
• Megascops barbarus (Sclater, PL & Salvin, 1868)
• Megascops ingens (Salvin, 1897)
• Megascops colombianus (Traylor, 1952)
• Megascops petersoni (Fitzpatrick & O'Neill, 1986)
• Megascops marshalli (Weske & Terborgh, 1981)
• Megascops watsonii (Cassin, 1849)
• Megascops guatemalae (Sharpe, 1875)
• Megascops vermiculatus Ridgway, 1887
• Megascops roraimae (Salvin, 1897)
• Megascops centralis (Hekstra, 1982)
• Megascops napensis (Chapman, 1928)
• Megascops hoyi (König, C & Straneck, 1989)
• Megascops atricapilla (Temminck, 1822)
• Megascops sanctaecatarinae (Salvin, 1897)
• Megascops nudipes (Daudin, 1800)
• Megascops albogularis (Cassin, 1849)

Referências

Skrikuvar (Megascops) är ett stort släkte i familjen ugglor som enbart förekommer i Nord- och Sydamerika.^[1] Tidigare placerades de i samma släkte som dvärguvar i Otus, men genetiska studier visar att de inte är närbesläktade. Ponderosaugglan (Psiloscops flammeolus) står nära skrikuvarna men urskiljs numera oftast i ett eget monotypiskt släkte.

Släktet skrikuvar består av 22-26 arter:

• Västlig skrikuv (M. kennicottii)
• Östlig skrikuv (M. asio)
• Balsasskrikuv (M. seductus)
• Kustskrikuv (M. cooperi)
• Mexikansk skrikuv (M. trichopsis)
• Chólibaskrikuv (M. choliba)
• Västperuansk skrikuv (M. roboratus)
• Köpckeskrikuv (M. koepckeae)
• Chiapasskrikuv (M. barbarus)
• Colombiaskrikuv (M. colombianus)
• Rostskrikuv (M. ingens)
• Kastanjeskrikuv (M. petersoni)
• Molnskogsskrikuv (M. marshalli)
• Gulbröstad skrikuv (M. watsonii)
• Svartkronad skrikuv (M. atricapilla)
• Höyskrikuv (M. hoyi)
• Långtofsad skrikuv (M. sanctaecatarinae)
• Guatemalaskrikuv (M. guatemalae)
  • Vattrad skrikuv (M. [g.] vermiculatus) – urskiljs som egen art av IOC och Birdlife
  • Roraimaskrikuv (M. [g.] roraimae) – urskiljs som egen art av IOC
  • Chocóskrikuv (M. [g.] centralis) – urskiljs som egen art av IOC
  • Naposkrikuv (M. [g.] napensis) – urskiljs som egen art av IOC
• Barbent skrikuv (M. clarkii)
• Puertoricoskrikuv (M. nudipes) – är möjligen mer avlägstet släkt med övriga, närmare ponderosauggla
• Vitstrupig skrikuv (M. albogularis)

Noter

1. ^ Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood (2014) The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.9 http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download, läst 2015-02-01

Externa länkar

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Cú mèo Mỹ (Megascops) là một chi chim cú mèo điển hình trong họ Cú mèo (Strigidae).^[1] Chúng là các loài cú mèo phân bố tại hầu khắp châu Mỹ từ Bắc Mỹ tới Nam Mỹ, được tách ra khỏi các loài cú mèo điển hình trong chi Otus, đóng vai trò sinh thái tương tự ở Cựu lục địa.

Nhìn chung các loài Cú mèo Mỹ có kích thước nhỏ tới trung bình (chiều dài 16–28 cm, cân nặng 60 -250 gram, sải cánh 40–60 cm), con mái thường lớn hơn con trống. Hầu hết trong số chúng có túm lông kiểu "tai" đặc trưng của các loài Cú mèo.

Các loài Cú mèo Mỹ là các loài chim săn mồi nhanh nhẹn, với đôi chân khỏe, móng vuốt sắc nhọn và mỏ cong. Con mồi của chúng bao gồm côn trùng, bò sát, động vật có vú nhỏ như dơi, chuột và các loài chim nhỏ khác.

Các loài

Chi cú mèo Mỹ bao gồm khoảng 23 loài sau:

STT Tên khoa học^[2] Tên tiếng Việt Chiều dài (cm)^[2] Khối lượng (g)^[2] 1. Megascops kennicottii Cú mèo Mỹ miền tây 21-24 90-250 2. Megascops seductus Cú mèo Balsas 24-27 150-174 3. Megascops cooperi Cú mèo Thái Bình Dương 20-26 115-170 4. Megascops asio Cú mèo Mỹ miền đông 18-23 125-250 5. Megascops koepckeae Cú mèo Koepcke 20-24 110-148 6. Megascops roboratus Cú mèo Tây Peru 18-22 87-162 7. Megascops clarkii Cú mèo chân trần 23-25 130-190 8. Megascops barbarus Cú mèo râu 16-20 69 9. Megascops ingens Cú mèo hung 25-28 140-223 10. Megascops colombianus Cú mèo Colombia 26-28 150-210 11. Megascops petersoni Cú mèo Cinnamon 20-22 88-119 12. Megascops marshalli Cú mèo rừng mây mù 20-23 107-115 13. Megascops watsonii Cú mèo bụng hung 19-24 115-155 14. Megascops guatemalae Cú mèo Trung Mỹ 20-23 91-123 15. Megascops centralis Cú mèo Chocó 20-23 107 16. Megascops roraimae Cú mèo chân đồi 20-23 105 17. Megascops hoyi Cú mèo Yungas 23-24 115-145 18. Megascops atricapilla Cú mèo đầu đen 22-23 115-160 19. Megascops sanctaecatarinae Cú mèo tai dài 25-28 155-211 20. Megascops nudipes Cú mèo Puerto Rica 20-23 103-154 21. Megascops trichopsis Cú mèo ria mép 17-19 70-121 22. Megascops choliba Cú mèo nhiệt đới 21-25 100-160 23. Megascops albogularis Cú mèo họng trắng 20-27 135-185

Chú thích

Tham khảo

Wikispecies có thông tin sinh học về Megascops Wikimedia Commons có thư viện hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Chi Cú mèo châu Mỹ

Царство: Животные

Подцарство: Эуметазои

Без ранга: Двусторонне-симметричные

Без ранга: Вторичноротые

Тип: Хордовые

Подтип: Позвоночные

Инфратип: Челюстноротые

Надкласс: Четвероногие

Класс: Птицы

Подкласс: Настоящие птицы

Инфракласс: Новонёбные

Отряд: Совообразные

Семейство: Совиные

Подсемейство: Настоящие совы

Род: Megascops

Источник — https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Megascops&oldid=96983080