Parmotrema

Mushroom Observer Image 522644: Parmotrema austrosinense (Zahlbr.) Hale

Mushroom Observer Image 235222: Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) M. Choisy

Mushroom Observer Image 235223: Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) M. Choisy

Mushroom Observer Image 235224: Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) M. Choisy

Mushroom Observer Image 235225: Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) M. Choisy

Mushroom Observer Image 235286: Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) M. Choisy

Mushroom Observer Image 235287: Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) M. Choisy

Synonymy: Parmotrema chinense (Osbeck) Hale & Ahti, Imbricaria perlata (Huds.) Krb., Parmelia ciliata (DC.) Nyl., Parmelia perlata (Huds.) Ach., Parmotrema trichotera (Hue) M. Choisy, Platysma perlatum (Huds.) Frege, - Habitat: dense macchia next to a dirt path; slightly inclined terrain, west aspect; sunny, warm, dry place; calcareous ground; partly protected from direct rain by canopies; average precipitations ~ 900-1000 mm/year, average temperature 13-15 deg C, elevations 100 m (340 feet), sub-Mediterranean phytogeographical region. Substratum: Dead Fraxinus ornus branch. Comment: Parmotrema perlatum is a common lichen on island Krk. It prefers branches of Quercus sp. trees; however, the specimen photographed was found on Fraxinus ornus branches and twigs. It is a sensitive species to pollution hence it is much rarer in populated regions of industrialized countries and already regionally extinct in some parts of Europe. Its lobes are thin, very wavy, with abundant soralia and scarce black cilia at the margins. Underside is black with simple rhizines in the center and tan-colored and bare at margins. Apothecia are generally considered very rare; however, this was not the case for this observation. The species has been traditionally used for medical purposes in India as a diuretic and headache relief. It has proven sedative and antibiotic effects (Ref.5). Many specimens have been observed at the place of this observation. Pictures show the lichen in moist state (except picture 1. in dry state). Ref.: (1) F.S. Dobson, Lichens, The Richmonds Publishing Ca.LTD (2005), p 310. (2) V. Wirth, Die Flechten Baden-Wrttembergs, Teil.2., Ulmer (1995), p 678. (3) http://dryades.units.it/italic/index.php?procedure=taxonpage&num=1599 (accessed May 19. 2018) (4) C.W.Smith, et all, The lichens of Great Britain and Ireland,The British Lichen Society,(2009), p 662. (5) I.M. Brodo, S.D. Sharnoff, S.Sharnoff, Lichens of North America, Yale Uni. Press (2001), p 493.

Mushroom Observer Image 235288: Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) M. Choisy

Mushroom Observer Image 235445: Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) M. Choisy

Mushroom Observer Image 235524: Parmotrema crinitum (Ach.) M. Choisy

Mushroom Observer Image 544281: Parmotrema hypoleucinum (Steiner) Hale

Talo folioso e isidios de Parmotrema tinctorum ( Nyl.) Hale Foto: José Luis Chaves.

Mushroom Observer Image 220597: Parmotrema madagascariaceum (Hue) Hale

Mushroom Observer Image 220598: Parmotrema madagascariaceum (Hue) Hale

Talo folioso y cuerpos fructíferos (apotecios) de Parmotrema latissimum (Fée) Hale. Foto: José Luis Chaves.

Mushroom Observer Image 220599: Parmotrema madagascariaceum (Hue) Hale

Mushroom Observer Image 220600: Parmotrema madagascariaceum (Hue) Hale

Mushroom Observer Image 282344: Parmotrema madagascariaceum (Hue) Hale

Mushroom Observer Image 282345: Parmotrema madagascariaceum (Hue) Hale

Mushroom Observer Image 282346: Parmotrema madagascariaceum (Hue) Hale

Mushroom Observer Image 235200: Parmotrema margaritatum (Hue) Hale

Mushroom Observer Image 220601: Parmotrema mellissii (C.W. Dodge) Hale

Mushroom Observer Image 220606: Parmotrema mellissii (C.W. Dodge) Hale