Anolis podocarpus Ayala-varela & Torres-carvajal 2010

Continent: South-America
Distribution: Ecuador
Type locality: Ecuador, Provincia Zamora- Chinchipe, Romerillos Alto, 04°13'35.6"S, 78°56'23.0"W, 1550 m elevation.

Anolis podocarpus is a species of anole lizard in the family Dactyloidae. It was first described by Fernando P. Ayala-Varela and Omar Torres-Carvajal in 2010, the type locality being the Podocarpus National Park at Romerillos Alto in Zamora-Chinchipe Province, Ecuador on the southeastern slopes of the Andes. The specific name refers to the Podocarpus trees which are found in the Park.

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Anolis podocarpus Anolis generoko animalia da. Narrastien barruko Dactyloidae familian sailkatuta dago.

Anolis podocarpus est une espèce de sauriens de la famille des Dactyloidae.

Description of holotype (variation in paratypes in parentheses). Male (Fig. 4);SVL 87.0 mm (73.6−96.0 mm); tail length 192.0 mm (168.0−224.0 mm); head length 23.3 mm (19.3−25.4 mm); head width 13.0 mm (11.5−13.8 mm); head height 11.0 mm (9.0−12.0 mm); forelimb length 44.9 mm (39.3−49.9 mm); hindlimb length 75.4 mm (70.0−83.9 mm); dewlap height 12.4 mm (8.2−20.2 mm); interparietal length 1.1 mm (0.9−2.0 mm); ear opening maximum length 2.72 mm (2.3−2.9 mm); snout length 9.81 mm (8.6−11.6 mm).
Head scales unicarinate (smooth or rugose); 19 (14−20) scales between second canthals; 17 (16−20) scales between first canthals; 10 (7−12) scales bordering the rostral posteriorly; circumnasal separated from rostral by one scale or in contact (anterior nasal or divided anterior nasal in contact with rostral); supraorbital semicircles separated by two (1−3) scales; supraocular disk not differentiated and keeled; one (1–2) short superciliary followed by granules; 12 (9−13) loreal rows; 113 loreal scales (81–135); interparietal smaller (much smaller or similar) than ear opening; 3−5 (2−6) scales between interparietal and semicircles on each side; scales behind interparietal grading into nape scales; suboculars and supralabials separated (in contact) by one scale; 10 (8−11) supralabials counted up to a point below center of eye; 9 (9−11) infralabials counted up to a point below center of eye; six (5−9) postmentals; enlarged sublabials absent (one enlarged sublabial in contact with infralabials).
Dorsal crest absent; two enlarged middorsal rows (enlarged middorsal rows absent); dorsals swollen, unicarinate or conical; flank scales more or less separated by skin (juxtaposed); ventrals equal than dorsals (ventrals larger than dorsals); ventrals slightly protuberant, smooth, and subimbricate (separated from each other by skin or juxtaposed).
Toepads overlap the first phalanx in all toes; 20 (20−25) lamellae under second and third phalanges of fourth toe; supradigitals multicarinate; tail weakly compressed; postanals absent (present or inconspicuous).
Nuchal and dorsal folds weakly developed (folds absent in females); dewlap large in both sexes extending posteriorly behind forelimbs, with longitudinal rows of 3−4 (2−5) granular, minute scales separated by naked skin.
Sexual variation of meristic and morphometric characters in Anolis podocarpus is presented in Table 2.
Coloration in life of holotype (Fig. 1A, B). Head, body and limbs green; head with two dark green transverse bands on the supraocular disk separated by one yellowish green transverse band; body with a vertebral series of wide, dark brown blotches that diffuse without reaching flanks; limbs and tail with wide, dark brown transverse bands; side of neck with an aquamarine irregular longitudinal stripe that extends from postocular region above the tympanum to level of shoulder; side of shoulder with a greenish black irregular spot and opaque pink dots; body flanks with small turquoise dots; ventral surface of head pale yellow, with two pairs of lateral, yellow, short bands; ventral surface of body yellowish cream; ventral surface of tail cream anteriorly, with reddish-brown transverse bands posteriorly; ventral surface of hindlimbs pinkish cream with reddish brown reticulations; dewlap skin terracotta with dark brown tint anteriorly and orange tint posteriorly; dewlap scales yellow anteriorly, and white-yellow posteriorly; upper and lower palpebrals yellow; iris bluish-turquoise with white ring; tongue pink (Fig. 5).
Coloration in preservative of holotype. Head, body and limbs brown; head with a light brown transverse band on the supraocular disk; body flanks brown with dark green small reticulations; limbs and tail brown, with wide, dark brown transverse bands; side of neck brown with cream dots; side of shoulder with a black irregular spot and cream dots; ventral surface of head brownish cream; ventral surface of body brownish cream with brown dots; ventral surface of tail cream anteriorly and brown posteriorly; ventral surface of hindlimbs cream with brown reticulations; dewlap skin dark brown; dewlap scales brownish cream with white scales posteriorly; upper and lower palpebrals brownish cream.
Color in life variation. Adult male QCAZ 6038: Head and limbs yellowish green, body green, and tail creamish green; body with a series of seven vertebral wide, yellowish brown bands that diffuse without reaching flanks; sides of head with a light blue irregular stripe extending from postocular region to level of the shoulder; sides of neck with pale pink dots; sides of shoulder with a blackish brown spot and pale pink dots; body flanks green with dark green and turquoise dots, and with dark greenish brown spots assembling alternating bands extending posteroventrally; ventral surface of head greenish yellow anteriorly and pale yellow posteriorly, with two pairs of lateral, yellow, short bands; ventral surface of hindlimbs cream with pale brown reticulations; dewlap skin reddish brown with dark brown tint anteriorly and pink tint posteriorly; dewlap scales greenish yellow anteriorly, and white posteriorly.
Adult male EPN 11355 (Fig. 6) differs from the descriptions above in having a cream irregular stripe that extends from the angle of the jaw above the tympanum to the neck; side of neck with a cream irregular stripe that forms an arc extending from the proximal border of the dewlap to the shoulder; shoulder with a greenish black irregular spot and pink dots.
Adult female QCAZ 10127 (Fig. 1C, D): Head lime-green with two blackish brown transverse bands on supraocular disk; body and tail blackish brown with a whitish-cream vertebral stripe; limbs yellowish green with wide, blackish-brown transverse bands; two subocular pale yellow stripes extending anterodorsally (posteriormost stripe) and posterodorsally (anteriormost stripe) from supralabials; lateral aspect of neck with a longitudinal aquamarine stripe that extends posteriorly from the posterior end of the eye over the tympanum to the level of the forelimb; body flanks yellowish green with dark brown spots that cluster anteriorly, posteriorly, and at midbody; ventral surface of head greenish cream with two pairs of lateral, pale yellow, short bands; ventral surface of body brownish cream with blackish brown spots; ventral surface of limbs brownish cream, with blackish brown reticulations; ventral surface of tail brownish cream on the base, with blackish brown transverse bands; dewlap skin dark violet with a brownish-red tint; dewlap scales yellow; iris bluish-turquoise; tongue dark blue (Fig. 5). Adult female QCAZ 10129 (Fig. 1E) differs from the previous description in having a longitudinal series of five wide, dark brown transverse bands that extend posteroventrally over flanks.
Juvenile QCAZ 6200 (Fig. 1F): Color pattern is similar to adult female QCAZ 10129, but differs in having dewlap skin orange-red with white scales and tongue orange.

Distribution and conservation. Anolis podocarpus inhabits the eastern slopes of the eastern Andean cordillera in southern Ecuador, Zamora-Chinchipe province, between 1530−1910 m (Fig. 7). It is known from the upper basin of the Zamora river (Atlantic drainage) in montane cloud forest and low montane evergreen forest (Sierra 1999). Most individuals of this species have been collected within two protected areas in southern Ecuador, Parque Nacional Podocarpus and Refugio de Vida Silvestre El Zarza, which suggests that at least some populations of Anolis podocarpus are well protected.