Papilio ophidicephalus Oberthür 1878

Papilio ophidicephalus, the emperor swallowtail, is a butterfly of the family Papilionidae. It is found in Sub-Saharan Africa.

The wingspan is 90–110 mm in males and 100–120 mm in females. It has two broods, one from August to December and the second from January to April.^[3]

The larvae feed on Clausena inqequalis, Calodendrum capense, Citrus species, Clausena anisata, Zanthoxylum capense and other Zanthoxylum species.^[2]

Taxonomy

Papilio ophidicephalus is a member of the menestheus species group. The members of the clade are:

• Papilio menestheus Drury, 1773
• Papilio lormieri Distant, 1874
• Papilio ophidicephalus Oberthür, 1878

Subspecies

Listed alphabetically:^[2]

• P. o. ayresi van Son, 1939 ^[4] (South Africa, Eswatini)
• P. o. chirinda van Son, 1939 (west-central Mozambique, eastern Zimbabwe)
• P. o. cottrelli van Son, 1966 ^[5](south-central Zambia)
• P. o. entabeni van Son, 1939 (South Africa: Limpopo Province)
• P. o. mkuwadzi Gifford, 1961 ^[6] (south-western Tanzania, northern Malawi, north-eastern Zambia)
• P. o. niassicola Storace, 1955 ^[7] (southern and central Malawi)
• P. o. ophidicephalus Oberthür, 1878 (eastern Kenya, Tanzania, north-eastern Zambia, south-eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo)
• P. o. phalusco Suffert, 1904 ^[8] (South Africa)
• P. o. transvaalensis van Son, 1939 (South Africa: Limpopo Province)
• P. o. zuluensis van Son, 1939 (South Africa: KwaZulu-Natal to the north-east)

References

• Carcasson, R.H., 1960, "The Swallowtail Butterflies of East Africa (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae)". Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society pdf Key to East Africa members of the species group, diagnostic and other notes and figures. (Permission to host granted by The East Africa Natural History Society)
• Collins, N. Mark; Morris, Michael G. (1985). Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book. Gland & Cambridge: IUCN. ISBN 978-2-88032-603-6 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
• Storace, L.,1955 Su alcune Papilionidae Africane, con descrizioni di nuove forme (Lepidoptera, Diurna). Memorie della Societa Entomologica Italiana 33:120-137.

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Insecten

Papilio ophidicephalus is een vlinder uit de familie van de pages (Papilionidae).^[1] De wetenschappelijke naam van de soort is voor het eerst geldig gepubliceerd in 1878 door Charles Oberthür.

Kenmerken

De bruine vleugels hebben een opvallende oogtekening en lange staarten aan de achtervleugels. Langs de vleugelrand bevinden zich witte vlekjes en over de vleugels loopt een rij witte vlekken. De spanwijdte bedraagt ongeveer 9 tot 13,5 cm.

Verspreiding en leefgebied

Deze vlindersoort komt voor in Kenia, Tanzania, Congo-Kinshasa, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe en Zuid-Afrika in open plekken in het regenwoud.

Waardplanten

De waardplanten behoren tot de wijnruitfamilie (Rutaceae).

Bronnen, noten en/of referenties

• Vlinderencyclopedie, (6e druk 2010) Rebo Productions B.V., Lisse. ISBN 978 90 366 2806 8.

Bướm phượng hoàng đế (Papilio ophidicephalus)là một loài bướm thuộc họ Papilionidae. Nó được tìm thấy ở châu Phi cận Sahara.

Sải cánh dài 90–110 mm ở con đực và 100–120 mm ở con cái. Chúng đẻ hai lứa tháng 8 đến tháng 12 và tháng 1 đến tháng 4.^[2]

Ấu trùng ăn Clausena inqequalis, Fagara capensis, Calodendron capense, Citrus spp., Clausena anisata, Zanthoxylum spp.^[1]

Phụ loài

Listed alphabetically.^[1]

• P. o. ayresi van Son, 1939
• P. o. chirinda van Son, 1939
• P. o. cottrelli van Son, 1966
• P. o. entabeni van Son, 1939
• P. o. ophidicephalus Oberthür, 1878
• P. o. phalusco Suffert, 1904
• P. o. mkuwadzi Gifford, 1961
• P. o. niassicola Storace, 1955
• P. o. transvaalensis van Son, 1939
• P. o. zuluensis van Son, 1939

Tham khảo

Wikimedia Commons có thư viện hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về Papilio ophidicephalus Wikispecies có thông tin sinh học về Papilio ophidicephalus