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Description ( englanti )

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Espadarana andina has the following combination of characters: 1) vomerine dentition present, 2) bones green in life, 3) dorsal color in life is pale green with old blue spots, 4) snout is sub-ovoid when viewed dorsally and truncated when viewed laterally, 5) dorsal skin smooth and finely granular, 6) ulnar and tarsal tubercles and folds absent, 7) humeral spine in males present, small, thin, curved laterally at 20º, 8) tympanum small. Adults attain a small size; females reach 24.7-29.5mm SVL, males reach 21.6-26.4mm SVL. Head slightly wider than body and wider than it is long; head width is 34.0-39.9% SVL; distance from nostril to anterior portion of the eye is 48.3-70.4% diameter of eye; diameter of the eye is 35.4-43.8% head length; supratympanic fold is thin but prominent; length of tibia is 52.1-57.9% SVL; when hind limbs anteriorly adpressed the ankle reaches the most anterior part of the snout.

Viitteet

  • Rivero, J.A. (1985). ''Nuevos centrolenidos de Colombia y Venezuela.'' Brenesia, (23), 335-373.
  • Rivero, J.A. (1968). ''Los centrolenidos de Venezuela (Amphibia, Salienta).'' Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle, (28), 301-334.
  • Ruiz-Carranza, P.M. and Lynch, J.D. (1995). ''Ranas Centrolenidae de Colombia VII: Redescripcion de Centrolene andinum (Rivero 1968).'' Lozania, (64), 1-12.

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Distribution and Habitat ( englanti )

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It is known from the west side of Venezuela at elevations between 840 and 1768m, as well as the western side of the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia at elevations between 1630 and 2200m.
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Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors ( englanti )

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There is a geographic gradient in the dorsal pattern of this species; the most northern populations are less intensely spotted relative to the southern populations. This species has been found calling Jan.-Mar., May-Jun., and Sept.-Dec.
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Centrolene andinum ( valencia )

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Centrolene andinum és una espècie de granota que viu a Colòmbia i Veneçuela.

Referències

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Centrolene andinum: Brief Summary ( valencia )

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Centrolene andinum és una espècie de granota que viu a Colòmbia i Veneçuela.

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Andes giant glass frog ( englanti )

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The Andes giant glass frog (Espadarana andina) is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia and the Mérida Andes and Serranía del Perijá of Venezuela.[2]

Its natural habitats are cloud forests and montane evergreen dry forests. It lives along mountain streams and lays its eggs on vegetation over the streams. It is not considered threatened by the IUCN.[1]

Reproductive patterns

A study conducted in a stream located in the Vereda Agua Blanca, Río Frio River basin in Santander, Colombia, analyzed patterns of reproduction sites in Espadarana andina. The study concluded that preferences for sites used by males to call for females, and for females to oviposit (lay eggs) was not impacted by environmental factors such as transitions to and from rainy and dry seasons, time of day, or month of the year. The study showed that oviposition occurred the most on the invasive plant Hedychium coronarium.[3]

Development

The offspring is characterized by spots and a brown cast over their skin. However, much like their adult forms, the offspring possesses translucent skin, and perhaps most noticeably, the chondrocranium underneath is visible. The frogs starts maturation in its eyes and nares. In the initial stages, the nares grow closer to the eyes than the snout, but as the frog develops, its nares grows closer to its snout. And, in the initial stages, its eyesight is not developed but as it matures, so does its eyesight. This is because the tadpole's eyes develop dorsolateral abilities, which means that it develops functioning eyesight. As for the beak and snout, tadpoles have keratinized beaks that later disappear while its denticles turn into papillae. Moreover, the fins that are responsible for propelling tadpoles through water form into legs through its development as a tadpole and then a frog. [4]

References

  1. ^ a b IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2020). "Espadarana andina". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T54902A85877587. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T54902A85877587.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b Frost, Darrel R. (2016). "Espadarana andina (Rivero, 1968)". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
  3. ^ Cabanzo-Olarte, Laura (June 1, 2013). "Oviposition, Site Preference, and Evaluation of Male Clutch Attendance in Espadarana andina (Anura: Centrolenidae)". Journal of Herpetology. 47 (2): 314–320. doi:10.1670/11-266. S2CID 85624123 – via Web of Science.
  4. ^ Mijares-Urrutia, Abraham (1990). "The Tadpole of Centrolenella andina (Anura: Centrolenidae)". Journal of Herpetology. 24 (4): 410–412. doi:10.2307/1565060. ISSN 0022-1511.
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Andes giant glass frog: Brief Summary ( englanti )

tarjonnut wikipedia EN

The Andes giant glass frog (Espadarana andina) is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae. It is found in the Cordillera Oriental of Colombia and the Mérida Andes and Serranía del Perijá of Venezuela.

Its natural habitats are cloud forests and montane evergreen dry forests. It lives along mountain streams and lays its eggs on vegetation over the streams. It is not considered threatened by the IUCN.

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Espadarana andina ( kastilia )

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Espadarana andina es una especie de anfibio anuro de la familia Centrolenidae.[1]

Se encuentra en Colombia y Venezuela, en altitudes entre 840 y 2200 m, entre la vertiente occidental de la cordillera Oriental y la cordillera de Mérida.

Referencias

  1. Frost, D.R. « Espadarana andina ». Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.1. (en inglés). Nueva York, EEUU: Museo Americano de Historia Natural.

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Espadarana andina: Brief Summary ( kastilia )

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Espadarana andina es una especie de anfibio anuro de la familia Centrolenidae.​

Se encuentra en Colombia y Venezuela, en altitudes entre 840 y 2200 m, entre la vertiente occidental de la cordillera Oriental y la cordillera de Mérida.

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Espadarana andina ( baski )

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Espadarana andina Espadarana generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Centrolenidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.

Erreferentziak

Ikus, gainera

Kanpo estekak

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Espadarana andina: Brief Summary ( baski )

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Espadarana andina Espadarana generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Centrolenidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.

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Espadarana andina ( ranska )

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Espadarana andina est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Centrolenidae[1].

Répartition

Cette espèce se rencontre de 840 à 2 200 m d'altitude[1],[2] :

Description

Les mâles mesurent de 21,6 à 26,4 mm et les femelles de 24,7 à 29,5 mm[2].

Étymologie

Son nom d'espèce lui a été donné en référence au lieu de sa découverte, la cordillère des Andes.

Publication originale

  • Rivero, 1968 : Los centrolenidos de Venezuela (Amphibia, Salientia). Memoria de la Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle, vol. 28, no 81, p. 301-334.

Notes et références

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Espadarana andina: Brief Summary ( ranska )

tarjonnut wikipedia FR

Espadarana andina est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Centrolenidae.

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Centrolene andinum ( vietnam )

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Ếch cỏ Andes (Centrolene andinum) là một loài ếch trong họ Centrolenidae. Nó được tìm thấy ở ColombiaVenezuela. Tên nó trong tiếng Tây Ban Nharanita de cristal Andina. Các môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là các khu rừng ẩm ướt đất thấp nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, rừng montane nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, sông, vườn và các khu rừng trước đây bị suy thoái nặng nề. Nó không được xem là bị đe dọa theo IUCN.

Tham khảo

Tham khảo

  1. ^ La Marca, E., Rueda, J.V. & Ramírez Pinilla, M.P. (2004). Espadarana andinum. Sách Đỏ IUCN các loài bị đe dọa. Phiên bản 2012.2. Liên minh Bảo tồn Thiên nhiên Quốc tế. Truy cập ngày 21 tháng 4 năm 2013.
  2. ^ Frost, Darrel R. (2013). Espadarana andina (Rivero, 1968)”. Amphibian Species of the World 5.6, an Online Reference. American Museum of Natural History. Truy cập ngày 20 tháng 4 năm 2013.


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Centrolene andinum: Brief Summary ( vietnam )

tarjonnut wikipedia VI

Ếch cỏ Andes (Centrolene andinum) là một loài ếch trong họ Centrolenidae. Nó được tìm thấy ở ColombiaVenezuela. Tên nó trong tiếng Tây Ban Nha là ranita de cristal Andina. Các môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là các khu rừng ẩm ướt đất thấp nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, rừng montane nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, sông, vườn và các khu rừng trước đây bị suy thoái nặng nề. Nó không được xem là bị đe dọa theo IUCN.

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