Description
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englanti
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tarjonnut AmphibiaWeb articles
Typhlonectes compressicauda can reach 523 mm in total length (Taylor 1968). The posterior part of the body is compressed, with a keel (Taylor 1968). 81-86 primary annuli are present but secondary annuli are lacking (Taylor 1968). Dermal scales are present (Wake 1975). The skull is zygokrotaphic (Nussbaum 1983). The head is relatively thick and wide (Taylor 1968). There are four rows of teeth (Taylor 1968), which are curved and have broadly dilated crowns rather than pointed tips (Wilkinson 1991; Hraoui-Bloquet and Exbrayat 1996). The tongue has two large narial plugs (Taylor 1968). Tentacles are located directly behind the nasal orifices (Jared et al. 1999). Narial apertures are subtriangular (Wilkinson 1989). Eyes are covered by thin skin in juveniles and thick, nonglandular skin in adults (Wake 1985). Fritzsch and Wake (1986) showed that ampullary organs are present on the head, most densely on the snout, and presumably used for electroreception; the original paper (Fritzsch and Wake 1986) examined a larval specimen of T. compressicauda, and an adult specimen of what was thought to be T. compressicauda, concluding that this species retained ampullary organs into adulthood, but a later paper (Dünker et al. 2000) refers the adult specimen to the closely related T. natans. (See Comments section below for more on taxonomy.)Larvae look like miniature adults, though they possess lateral lines (Jared et al. 1999) and broad leaf-like gills (Taylor 1968). Gills are attached dorsally and fused at the bases (Wilkinson 1989). Within 24-48 hours after birth, the gills fall off (Exbrayat and Delsol 1985). Ampullary organs are present on the larval head (Fritzsch and Wake 1986) and may be retained into adulthood, since adults of the related species T. natans have ampullary organs (see paragraph above).Described by Duméril and Bibron (1841). Typhlonectes compressicauda has a diploid karyotype of n=28 (Wake et al. 1980). This species has frequently been confused with T. natans in the literature (M. H. Wake, pers. comm.); specimens reported as T. compressicauda in the literature prior to 1994 should be regarded as most likely belonging to T. natans (R. Nussbaum, pers. comm., cited in Smits and Flanagin 1994). More extensive taxonomic review is required (IUCN 2008).
- Delsol, M., Exbrayat, J.-M., Flatin, J., and Gueydan-Baconnier, M. (1986). ''Nutrition embryonnaire chez Typhlonectes compressicaudus (Dúmeril et Bibron, 1841), Amphibien Apode vivipare.'' Mémoires de la Société Zoologique de France, 43, 39-54.
- Delsol, M., Flatin, J., Exbrayat, J.-M., and Bons, J. (1981). ''Développement embryonnaire de Typhlonectes compressicaudus, Amphibien apode vivipare. Hypothéses sur la nutrition embryonnaire et larvaire par un ectotrophoblaste.'' Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris, 293, 281-285.
- Delsol, M., Flatin, J., Exbrayat, J.-M., and Bons, J. (1983). ''Développement embryonnaire de Typhlonectes compressicaudus (Duméril et Bibron, 1841). Constitution d'un ectotrophoblaste.'' Bull Soc Zool Fr, 108, 680-681.
- Duméril, A. M. C., and Bibron, G. (1841). Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles. Volume 8. Librairie Roret, Paris.
- Dünker, N., Wake, M. H., and Olson, W. M. (2000). ''Embryonic and larval development in the caecilian Ichthyophis kohtaoensis (Amphibia, Gymnophiona): a staging table.'' Journal of Morphology, 243(1), 3-34.
- Exbrayat, J. M. (1986). ''Quelques aspects de la biologie de la reproduction chez Typhlonectes compressicaudus (Duméril et Bibron 1841) Amphibien Apode.'' Bulletin de la Société Herpetologique de France, 38, 20-23.
- Exbrayat, J.-M., and Delsol, M. (1985). ''Reproduction and growth of Typhlonectes compressicaudus - a viviparous gymnophione.'' Copeia, 1985, 950-955.
- Fritzsch, B., and Wake, M. H. (1986). ''The distribution of ampullary organs in Gymnophiona.'' Journal of Herpetology, 20, 90-93.
- Gonçalves, A. A. (1977). ''Dimorfismo sexual de Typhlonectes compressicaudus (Amphibia: Apoda).'' Boletim Fisiological Animale, Universidade de São Paulo, 1, 141-142.
- Gonçalves, A. A., and Sawaya, P. (1978). ''Oxygen uptake by Typhlonectes compressicaudus related to the body weight.'' Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, 61, 141-143.
- Hornscheid, A., and Greven, H. (1996). ''Activities of the caecilian Typhlonectes compressicauda in the aquarium.'' Salamandra, 32, 181-192.
- Hraoui-Bloquet, S., and Exbrayat, J. M. (1996). ''The teeth of Typhlonectes compressicaudus (Amphibia, Gymnophiona) during the development.'' Annales Des Sciences Naturelles-Zoologie Et Biologie Animale, 17(1), 11-24.
- IUCN (2008). 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 6 December 2008.
- Moodie, G. E. E. (1978). ''Observations on the life history of the caecilian Typhlonectes compressicaudus (Duméril and Bibron) in the Amazon Basin.'' Canadian Journal of Zoology, 56, 1005-1008.
- Murphy, J. B., Quinn, H., and Campbell, J. A. (1977). ''Observations on the breeding habits of the aquatic caecilian Typhlonectes compressicaudus.'' Copeia, 1977, 66-69.
- Nussbaum, R. A. (1983). ''The evolution of a unique dual jaw-closing mechanism in caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona) and its bearing on caecilian ancestry.'' Journal of Zoology, London, 199, 545-554.
- Renous, S., and Gasc, J.-P. (1986). ''Le fouissage des Gymnophiones (Amphibia): hypothèse morphofonctionelle fondée dur la comparaison avec autres vertébrés apodes.'' Zool. Jahrb., Abt. f. Anat, 114, 95-130.
- Sammouri, R, Renous, S, Exbrayat, J. M., and Lescure, J. (1990). ''Développement embryonnaire de Typhlonectes compressicaudus (Amphibia, Gymnophiona).'' Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. Paris, 11, 135-162.
- Sawaya, P. (1947). ''Metabolismo respiratório de anfibio Gymnophiona, Typhlonectes compressicauda (Dúmeril et. Bibron).'' Boletim Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo, Serie Zoologia, 12, 51-56.
- Sprackland, R. G. (1982). ''Typhlonectes compressicaudus (Aquatic Caecilian). Reproduction.'' Herpetological Review, 13, 94.
- Toews, D., and Macintyre, D. (1977). ''Blood respiratory properties of a viviparous amphibian.'' Nature, 266, 464-465.
- Toews, D., and Macintyre, D. (1978). ''Respiration and circulation in apodan amphibians.'' Canadian Journal of Zoology, 56, 998-1004.
- Verdade, V. K., Schiesari, L. C., and Bertoluci, J. A. (2000). ''Diet of juvenile aquatic caecilians, Typhlonectes compressicauda.'' Journal of Herpetology, 34, 291-293.
- Wake, M. H. (1975). ''Another scaled caecilian (Gymnophiona: Typhlonectidae).'' Herpetologica, 31, 134-136.
- Wake, M. H. (1978). ''Comments on the ontogeny of Typhlonectes obesus, particularly its dentition and feeding.'' Papéis Avuls. Zool. São Paulo, 32, 1-13.
- Wake, M. H. (1985). ''The comparative morphology and evolution of the eyes of caecilians (Amphibia, Gymnophiona).'' Zoomorphology, 105, 277-295.
- Wake, M. H. (2006). ''A brief history of research on Gymnophionan reproduction and development.'' Reproductive biology and phylogeny of Gymnophiona. J. M. Exbrayat, eds., Science Publisher Inc., Enfield.
- Wake, M. H., Hafner, J. C., Hafner, M. S., Klosterman, L. L., and Patton, J. L. (1980). ''Karyotype of Typhlonectes compressicauda (Amphibia, Gymnophiona) with comments on chromosome evolution in caecilians.'' Experientia, 36(2), 171-172.
- Wilkinson, M. (1989). ''On the status of Nectocaecilia fasciata Taylor, with a discussion of the phylogeny of the Typhlonectidae (Amphibia: Gymnophiona).'' Herpetologica, 45, 23-36.
- Wilkinson, M. (1991). ''Adult tooth crown morphology in the Typhlonectidae (Amphibia: Gymnophiona): a reinterpretation of variation and its significance.'' Zeitschrift für Zoologische Systematische und Evolutionsforschung, 29, 304-311.
Distribution and Habitat
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englanti
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tarjonnut AmphibiaWeb articles
This species occurs in Colombia, Venezuela, and Peru, Brazil, French Guiana, Guyana, and possibly in Bolivia and Suriname, at elevations of 0-200 meters above sea level (IUCN 2008). Typhlonectes compressicauda is aquatic, living in small, submersed holes within the muddy banks of small river tributaries (Toews and Macintyre 1977), in swamp savannas (Exbrayat and Delsol 1985).
Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors
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englanti
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tarjonnut AmphibiaWeb articles
Typhlonectes compressicauda appears to be common and occurs in many protected areas (IUCN 2008).
Life History, Abundance, Activity, and Special Behaviors
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englanti
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tarjonnut AmphibiaWeb articles
Typhlonectes compressicauda live in small aquatic mud burrows in the banks of river tributaries, near the air-water boundary (Toews and Macintyre 1977). Observations of captive animals indicate that they can stay immersed in water up to 100 minutes at 24°C (Hornscheid and Greven 1996). Juvenile T. compressicauda have been observed actively foraging in shallow water at night (Verdade et al. 2000). When they do move, it is accomplished by lateral undulations (Renous and Gasc 1986).Both lungs are developed in the genus Typhlonectes, in contrast to most other Gymnophiona, and a "tracheal" lung is also present (Wilkinson 1989; Smits and Flanagan 1994). Typhlonectes compressicauda also has a higher hemoglobin concentration than most other amphibians (Toews and Macintyre 1978). Given its habitat, it may frequently encounter both hypoxic and hypercarbic conditions (Toews and Macintyre 1977). Lungs provide the majority of respiration in this species (Sawaya 1947), but during immersion more than half of the oxygen uptake may be cutaneous (Gonçalves and Sawaya 1978). Carbon dioxide release is accomplished primarily by transcutaneous means in T. compressicauda (Sawaya 1947). Breeding occurs in the rainy season, which extends from about December/January to July/August (Exbrayat and Delsol 1985). Males are sexually mature at about the age of three years, and thereafter breed annually, while females breed biennially (Exbrayat 1986). Copulation in captivity has been reported to last up to three hours (Murphy et al. 1977; Sprackland 1982). Fertilization is internal, as is the case for all caecilians (Gower and Wilkinson 2002; Wake 2006). This species is viviparous with gestation lasting about 6 months, after which 2-4 larvae are born (Delsol et al. 1981; Delsol et al. 1983). Young are born at the beginning of the dry season, when water levels are still high (Exbrayat and Delsol 1985).During gestation, embryos depend initially on yolk for nourishment. After the yolk supply has been depleted, the fetuses consume uterine wall secretions (Delsol et al. 1986), degenerating unfertilized oocytes (Delsol et al. 1986; Exbrayat 1986), and dead sibling embryos (Delsol et al. 1986; Exbrayat 1986).This species forages actively at night in shallow water, both at the bottom and at the surface (Verdade et al. 2000; Wake 1978). Juvenile T. compressicauda consume aquatic oligochaete worms, aquatic insects and larvae (especially surface-dwelling culicid larvae), and terrestrial insects in the wild, as well as occasional frog tadpoles and frog eggs (Verdade et al. 2000). In addition, decomposing plant matter is frequently found in juvenile caecilian stomach contents, though it is not clear whether this represents accidental ingestion or deliberate detritivory (Verdade et al. 2000). Adults eat dead fish (Exbrayat and Delsol 1985), aquatic arthropods such as shrimp (Moodie 1978), coleopteran pupae (Wake 1978) and pieces of aquatic plants (Exbrayat and Delsol 1985). Ampullary organs in the head of T. compressicauda are thought to function in the detection of weak electrical signals from live prey as well as predators (Fritzsch and Wake 1986; Jared et al. 1999).
Relation to Humans
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englanti
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tarjonnut AmphibiaWeb articles
This species approaches permanent fishing nets in search of dead fish to eat, and may be captured by bringing the nets in (Exbrayat and Delsol 1985). Typhlonectes compressicauda has also been collected by digging animals out of riverbank burrows (Toews and Macintyre 1977). Juveniles have been collected foraging at night among vegetation at river margins (Verdade et al. 2000).
Lifespan, longevity, and ageing
tarjonnut AnAge articles
Maximum longevity: 4.9 years (captivity)
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Typhlonectes compressicauda
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valencia
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tarjonnut wikipedia CA
Typhlonectes compressicauda és una espècie d'amfibis gimnofions de la família Caeciliidae. Habita al Brasil, Colòmbia, Guyana francesa, Guyana, Perú, Veneçuela i, possiblement, Bolívia i Surinam. Els seus hàbitats inclouen boscos secs tropicals o subtropicals, pantans, rius, intermitent llacs d'aigua dolça, aiguamolls d'aigua dolça, cursos intermitents d'aigua dolça, zones d'emmagatzematge i tractament d'aigua, estanys, zones d'irrigació i canals i dics.
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Typhlonectes compressicauda 
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Schwimmwühle
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saksa
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tarjonnut wikipedia DE
Die Schwimmwühle (Typhlonectes compressicauda) ist eine im Wasser lebende Blindwühle.
Merkmale
Die 30 bis 60 Zentimeter lange Schwimmwühle erinnert mit ihrem langen, schlanken, schwarzen Körper, der unterseits dunkelgrau ist, und mit ihrer Schwimmweise an einen Aal. Der Körper ist mit 80 bis 95 Ringen bedeckt. Der Schwanz ist seitlich abgeplattet und oberseits mit einem Flossensaum ausgestattet.
Schwimmwühlen sind lebendgebärend. Weil, anders als bei den meisten Amphibien, eine innere Befruchtung erfolgt, besitzen männliche Tiere auf der Unterseite ein weißliches Haftorgan, um das Weibchen bei der Begattung festhalten zu können.
Vorkommen, Lebensweise
Die Schwimmwühle lebt im nördlichen Südamerika, im Amazonasbecken und in Guayana in Flüssen, Seen und Bächen. Sie kommt gebietsweise noch recht häufig vor und ernährt sich von Regenwürmern und anderen Wirbellosen.
Die Embryonal- und Larvalentwicklung erfolgt im Mutterleib. Die Jungtiere kommen voll entwickelt zur Welt.
In Gefangenschaft beträgt die Lebensdauer bis zu zehn Jahren.
Literatur
- Mark O' Shea & Tim Halliday: Reptilien & Amphibien. Dorling Kindersley Limited, London 2001, 2002, ISBN 978-3-8310-1015-8
Weblinks
– Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien
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Schwimmwühle: Brief Summary
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Die Schwimmwühle (Typhlonectes compressicauda) ist eine im Wasser lebende Blindwühle.
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Typhlonectes compressicauda
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englanti
)
tarjonnut wikipedia EN
Typhlonectes compressicauda, the Cayenne caecilian, is a species of amphibian in the family Typhlonectidae that lives in water. It is found in Amazonian Brazil, Peru, and Colombia as well as in Guyana and French Guiana, and likely Suriname,[2] and according to some sources, Venezuela.[1] It is an aquatic caecilian that inhabits permanent rivers and marshes mainly in the lowland forest zone.[1]
Description
The Cayenne caecilian is an elongated, dark grey, black or steely blue amphibian with no limbs. The body is flattened laterally and has a number of transverse folds, giving it a segmented appearance. A long fin runs along its back, and it grows to a length of 30 to 55 cm (12 to 22 in). It has a more highly derived morphology than some more primitive species, showing differences in lung structure, the reproductive organs, and the kidneys.[3]
Distribution
The Cayenne caecilian occurs in South America, including the Amazon basin and river systems in the Guianas. It is found at altitudes of up to 200 m (660 ft) above sea level. Because it is common and has a wide range, it is listed as of "Least Concern" in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.[1]
Biology
The Cayenne caecilian lives in shallow streams and rivers. It spends the day in a communal burrow, emerging at night to hunt through the sediment for small invertebrates, such as insect larvae and shrimps. It also eats small fish. It has no functional eyes and probably detects its prey by touch or by the vibrations made when the prey moves. It has slime glands all over its body and secretes copious amounts of noxious mucous if attacked. Nevertheless, it is eaten by birds, snakes, and large fish.
At breeding time, a male and female Cayenne caecilian twine around each other and the male places a spermatophore in the female's cloaca. Fertilisation is internal and the Cayenne caecilian is ovoviviparous. Six to 14 young hatch inside the female's oviduct with gills. At first, they feed on the yolks of their eggs, but they develop rasping teeth and later consume glandular secretions produced by the lining of the oviduct. Birth takes place after about eight months and the juvenile caecilians shed their temporary teeth and develop their adult dentition.
The Cayenne caecilian is considered to have several characteristics that are more highly derived than other more primitive species. Its karyotype has been compared with that of other caecilians, and its diploid number has been found to be 28, a fact that does not support the hypothesis that, during the period of amphibian evolution, the number of chromosomes became reduced. However, many caecilians have not yet been karyotyped and the exact evolutionary relationships between the species have not yet been determined, so the hypothesis is not necessarily incorrect.[3]
References
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Typhlonectes compressicauda: Brief Summary
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englanti
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tarjonnut wikipedia EN
Typhlonectes compressicauda, the Cayenne caecilian, is a species of amphibian in the family Typhlonectidae that lives in water. It is found in Amazonian Brazil, Peru, and Colombia as well as in Guyana and French Guiana, and likely Suriname, and according to some sources, Venezuela. It is an aquatic caecilian that inhabits permanent rivers and marshes mainly in the lowland forest zone.
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Typhlonectes compressicauda
(
kastilia
)
tarjonnut wikipedia ES
Typhlonectes compressicauda es una especie de anfibio gimnofión de la familia Typhlonectidae. Es endémica de la zona norcentral de América del Sur. Se halla hasta una altitud de 200 msnm. Se halla en el oeste del Brasil, en la Guayana Francesa, en la República Cooperativa de Guyana y en las regiones amazónicas de Venezuela, Colombia, y del Perú. Tal vez habite también en el Surinam y en Bolivia.
Sus hábitats naturales incluyen bosques secos tropicales o subtropicales, pantanos, ríos, torrentes, lagos de agua dulce, marismas de agua dulce, zonas de almacenamiento y tratamiento de aguas, estanques, zonas de irrigación, canales y diques.
Referencias
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Typhlonectes compressicauda: Brief Summary
(
kastilia
)
tarjonnut wikipedia ES
Typhlonectes compressicauda es una especie de anfibio gimnofión de la familia Typhlonectidae. Es endémica de la zona norcentral de América del Sur. Se halla hasta una altitud de 200 msnm. Se halla en el oeste del Brasil, en la Guayana Francesa, en la República Cooperativa de Guyana y en las regiones amazónicas de Venezuela, Colombia, y del Perú. Tal vez habite también en el Surinam y en Bolivia.
Sus hábitats naturales incluyen bosques secos tropicales o subtropicales, pantanos, ríos, torrentes, lagos de agua dulce, marismas de agua dulce, zonas de almacenamiento y tratamiento de aguas, estanques, zonas de irrigación, canales y diques.
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Typhlonectes compressicauda
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baski
)
tarjonnut wikipedia EU
(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Typhlonectes compressicauda: Brief Summary
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baski
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tarjonnut wikipedia EU
Typhlonectes compressicauda Typhlonectes generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Typhlonectidae familian sailkatuta dago, Gymnophiona ordenan.
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Typhlonectes cunhai
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baski
)
tarjonnut wikipedia EU
(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("Gadget "ErrefAurrebista" was not loaded. Please migrate it to use ResourceLoader. See u003Chttps://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berezi:Gadgetaku003E.");});
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Typhlonectes cunhai: Brief Summary
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baski
)
tarjonnut wikipedia EU
Typhlonectes cunhai Typhlonectes generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Typhlonectidae familian sailkatuta dago, Gymnophiona ordenan.
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Typhlonectes compressicauda
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ranska
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tarjonnut wikipedia FR
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Typhlonectes compressicauda: Brief Summary
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ranska
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Typhlonectes compressicauda est une espèce de gymnophiones de la famille des Typhlonectidae.
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Waterwormsalamander
(
flaami
)
tarjonnut wikipedia NL
Herpetologie De waterwormsalamander[2] (Typhlonectes compressicauda) is een amfibie uit de familie waterbewonende wormsalamanders (Typhlonectidae).[3] De soort werd voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door André Marie Constant Duméril en Gabriel Bibron in 1841. Oorspronkelijk werd de wetenschappelijke naam Coecilia compressicauda gebruikt.
Uiterlijke kenmerken
Het lange, slanke lichaam is glanzend zwart met een donkergrijze buikzijde en 80 tot 90 ringvormige huidgroeven. De zijdelings samengedrukte staart draagt aan de bovenzijde een vinzoom. De lichaamslengte bedraagt 30 tot 60 cm.
Leefwijze
Wordt het dier aangevallen, dan scheidt hij een giftige afscheiding uit.
Voortplanting
De waterwormsalamander is eierlevendbarend, hetgeen wil zeggen dat de eieren en larven zich ontwikkelen in het moederlichaam. De jongen zijn bij de geboorte al kopieën van de ouders.
Verspreiding en habitat
De wormsalamander komt voor in delen van het noorden van Zuid-Amerika en leeft in de landen Brazilië, Colombia, Frans-Guyana, Guyana en Peru. Waarschijnlijk komt de soort ook voor in Suriname maar dit is nog niet bevestigd. De habitat bestaat uit rivieren, meren en beken.[4]
Referenties
Bronnen
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(en) - American Museum of Natural History - Typhlonectes compressicauda - Website Geconsulteerd 13 maart 2016
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(en) - Amphibiaweb - Typhlonectes compressicauda - Website
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(nl) - David Burnie (2001) - Animals, Dorling Kindersley Limited, London. ISBN 90-18-01564-4 (naar het Nederlands vertaald door Jaap Bouwman en Henk J. Nieuwenkamp).
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Waterwormsalamander: Brief Summary
(
flaami
)
tarjonnut wikipedia NL
De waterwormsalamander (Typhlonectes compressicauda) is een amfibie uit de familie waterbewonende wormsalamanders (Typhlonectidae). De soort werd voor het eerst wetenschappelijk beschreven door André Marie Constant Duméril en Gabriel Bibron in 1841. Oorspronkelijk werd de wetenschappelijke naam Coecilia compressicauda gebruikt.
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Typhlonectes compressicauda
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portugali
)
tarjonnut wikipedia PT
Typhlonectes compressicauda é uma espécie de anfíbio da família Typhlonectidae. Presente na floresta amazónica do Brasil, Colômbia, Guiana Francesa, Guiana, Peru, Venezuela e possivelmente na Bolívia e Suriname.
É uma espécie comum, aquática, estando presente em rios e marismas, em terras baixas florestadas.
O seu modo de reprodução é vivíparo.
Não são conhecidas ameaças à sua conservação.
Referências
- Duméril & Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 8: 278.
- Ginés, 1959, Mem. Soc. Cienc. Nat. La Salle, 19: 96.
- Frost, Darrel R. 2008. Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 5.2 (15 July, 2008). Base de dados electrónica acessível em [1] American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA. Typhlonectes compressicauda. Acesso em 21 de Julho de 2009. (em inglês)
- AmphibiaWeb: Information on amphibian biology and conservation. [web application]. 2008. Berkeley, California: Typhlonectes compressicauda. AmphibiaWeb, disponível em http://amphibiaweb.org/. (em inglês)
- Enrique La Marca, Claudia Azevedo-Ramos, Marinus Hoogmoed, Mark Wilkinson, John Measey (2004). Typhlonectes compressicauda (em inglês). IUCN 2009. Lista Vermelha de Espécies Ameaçadas da IUCN de 2009 . Página visitada em 21 de Julho de 2009.
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Typhlonectes compressicauda: Brief Summary
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portugali
)
tarjonnut wikipedia PT
Typhlonectes compressicauda é uma espécie de anfíbio da família Typhlonectidae. Presente na floresta amazónica do Brasil, Colômbia, Guiana Francesa, Guiana, Peru, Venezuela e possivelmente na Bolívia e Suriname.
É uma espécie comum, aquática, estando presente em rios e marismas, em terras baixas florestadas.
O seu modo de reprodução é vivíparo.
Não são conhecidas ameaças à sua conservação.
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Водяна черв'яга пласкохвоста
(
ukraina
)
tarjonnut wikipedia UK
Опис
Загальна довжина досягає 52,3 см, інколи сягає 60 см. Голова відносно товста й широка. Очі вкриті шкірою. Має 4 рядки зубів, які вигнуті і, в цілому розширені в основі без гострих кінців. Щупальця розташовані під носовим отвором. Розвинені обидві легені. Також може дихати шкірою. Особливістю цієї амфібії є наявність великого вмісту гемоглобіну. Тулуб дуже сплощений, особливо на кінці (назва хвіст умовна, так як ці черв'яги не мають хвостів), де розташовується кіль. Звідси походить назва цього виду. Присутні 81—86 первинних кілець. Забарвлення темно-сіре.
Спосіб життя
Полюбляє невеличкі стоячі або мулисті водойми. Практично усе життя проводить у воді, де може знаходитися до 100 хв. при 24 °C. Активні вночі. Живляться водними членистоногими, падлом, креветками, лялечками твердокрилих.
Статева зрілість настає у 3 роки. Розмноження відбувається у період дощів (з грудня до серпня). У неї внутрішнє запліднення. Вагітність триває до 6 місяців. Самиця народжує 2—6 дитинчат.
Розповсюдження
Мешкає від Колумбії до Гаяни, також часто зустрічається у північній Бразилії та північно-східному Перу.
Джерела
- Exbrayat, J.-M., and Delsol, M. (1985). Reproduction and growth of Typhlonectes compressicaudus — a viviparous gymnophione. Copeia, 1985, 950–955.
- Hornscheid, A., and Greven, H. (1996). Activities of the caecilian Typhlonectes compressicauda in the aquarium. Salamandra, 32, 181–192.
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Typhlonectes compressicauda
(
vietnam
)
tarjonnut wikipedia VI
Ếch giun Cayenne (Typhlonectes compressicauda), là một loài lưỡng cư thuộc họ Caeciliidae. Loài này có ở Brasil, Colombia, Guyane thuộc Pháp, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela, có thể cả Bolivia, và có thể cả Suriname. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là rừng ẩm vùng đất thấp nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, đầm nước nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, sông ngòi, sông có nước theo mùa, đầm lầy, hồ nước ngọt có nước theo mùa, đầm nước ngọt, đầm nước ngọt có nước theo mùa, khu vực trữ nước, ao, khu vực xử lý nước thải, đất có tưới tiêu, và kênh đào và mương rãnh.
Hình ảnh
Tham khảo
Liên kết ngoài
![src=]()
Phương tiện liên quan tới Typhlonectes compressicauda tại Wikimedia Commons
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Typhlonectes compressicauda: Brief Summary
(
vietnam
)
tarjonnut wikipedia VI
Ếch giun Cayenne (Typhlonectes compressicauda), là một loài lưỡng cư thuộc họ Caeciliidae. Loài này có ở Brasil, Colombia, Guyane thuộc Pháp, Guyana, Peru, Venezuela, có thể cả Bolivia, và có thể cả Suriname. Môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là rừng ẩm vùng đất thấp nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, đầm nước nhiệt đới hoặc cận nhiệt đới, sông ngòi, sông có nước theo mùa, đầm lầy, hồ nước ngọt có nước theo mùa, đầm nước ngọt, đầm nước ngọt có nước theo mùa, khu vực trữ nước, ao, khu vực xử lý nước thải, đất có tưới tiêu, và kênh đào và mương rãnh.
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Водная червяга
(
venäjä
)
tarjonnut wikipedia русскую Википедию
Водная червяга, или водяная червяга[1] (лат. Typhlonectes compressicauda) — вид безногих земноводных из семейства водных червяг, обитающий в Южной Америке.
Описание
Средний размер составляет от 30 до 55 см, иногда достигает 60 см[2]. Голова относительно толстая и широкая. Глаза покрыты кожей. Имеет 4 ряда зубов, которые изогнуты и, в целом, расширены в основании без острых концов. Щупальца расположены под носовым отверстием[3]. Развиты оба лёгких, также может дышать кожей. Особенностью этой амфибии является наличие большого содержания гемоглобина в крови. Туловище очень уплощённое, особенно на конце, где располагается киль. Присутствуют 81—86 первичных колец. Окраска тёмно-серая[4].
Образ жизни
Обитает в небольших стоячих или илистых водоёмах. Практически всю жизнь проводит в воде, где может находиться до 100 минут при температуре 24 °C. Активна ночью. Питается водными членистоногими, падалью, креветками, куколками жесткокрылых[5].
Размножение
Половая зрелость наступает в 3 года. Размножение происходит в период дождей (с декабря по август). Имеет внутреннее оплодотворение, беременность длится до 6 месяцев. Самка рождает 2—6 детёнышей[6].
Распространение
Ареал вида охватывает охватывает амазонскую Бразилию, Колумбию, Перу, Французскую Гвиану и Гайану. Возможно, есть в Суринаме[7].
Примечания
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↑ Ананьева Н. Б., Боркин Л. Я., Даревский И. С., Орлов Н. Л. Пятиязычный словарь названий животных. Амфибии и рептилии. Латинский, русский, английский, немецкий, французский. / под общей редакцией акад. В. Е. Соколова. — М.: Рус. яз., 1988. — С. 34. — 10 500 экз. — ISBN 5-200-00232-X.
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↑ Tailless caecilians: Caeciliidae - Cayenne Caecilian (Typhlonectes compressicauda) (неопр.) (2005).
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↑ Wake M. H., Hafner J. C., Hafner M. S., Klosterman L. L., Patton J. L. (1980). “The karyotype of Typhlonectes compressicauda (Amphibia: Gymnophiona) with comments on chromosome evolution in caecilians” (PDF). Experientia. 36 (2): 171—172. DOI:10.1007/bf01953713.
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↑ Typhlonectes compressicauda (англ.) информация на сайте «Энциклопедия жизни» (EOL)..
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↑ Typhlonectes compressicauda (англ.). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
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↑ Amphibia Web. Typhlonectes compressicauda (неопр.). Provides information on amphibian declines, natural history, conservation, and taxonomy (2017).
-
↑ Frost, Darrel R. Typhlonectes compressicauda (неопр.). Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History (2017).
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Водная червяга: Brief Summary
(
venäjä
)
tarjonnut wikipedia русскую Википедию
![src=]()
Рентгеновский снимок водной червяги
Водная червяга, или водяная червяга (лат. Typhlonectes compressicauda) — вид безногих земноводных из семейства водных червяг, обитающий в Южной Америке.
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