Amolops bellulus Liu, Yang, Ferraris & Matsui 2000

Amolops bellulus can measure up to 50.1 mm SVL in males and 63.6 mm in females. The head is depressed with a flattened forehead. The tympanum is distinct and very slightly concave. There is a visible pineal organ. The snout is rounded and projects beyond the lower jaw. Canthi are distinct, with the loreal region vertical at the canthus but oblique from the canthus to the mouth. Vomerine teeth are present in two somewhat oblique rows between the choanae. The tongue is shaped like a heart, with a pronounced concavity at the posterior. The body is relatively slender and depressed, with smooth skin except for numerous small tubercles around the vent and the base of the thigh. Wide and flat dorsolateral folds are present, but supratympanic folds and a glandular ridge under the tarsus are lacking. In preservative, the dorsolateral folds may not be evident but the skin along the edge of the dorsum and flanks is thickened (Liu et al. 2000). The forelimbs are somewhat long with slender, unwebbed fingers. The third finger is the longest, followed by the fourth, first and second. There are large discs with circummarginal grooves on the three outer fingers; however, the first finger has a small disc with no circummarginal grooves. The three outer fingers also have supernumerary tubercles at the base of each finger. Oval and well-developed subarticular tubercles are present, along with flat, fused palmar tubercles. The hindlimbs are long, with the fourth toe the longest, followed by the fifth, third, second and first. All toes possess discs with circummarginal grooves. All except the fourth toe are fully webbed. The inner side of the first toe and the outer side of the fifth toe are fringed. The foot also has oval subarticular tubercles, and a small, oval inner metatarsal tubercle. The outer metatarsal tubercle is lacking (Liu et al. 2000). Vocal sacs are absent; however, A. bellulus males do have well-developed velvety nuptial pads covering the dorsal and medial surfaces of the first fingers (Liu et al. 2000). The body and top of the head are beige with green and brown spots. Ventrally, the throat and belly are slightly yellowish, with some grayish brown on the throat and anterior chest. A white band extends along the jaw and from the jaw to the shoulder. A black band runs from the snout tip to the anterior flank, fading to gray at the axillary region. The dorsal flank is brown with green spots while the posterior and lower flanks are bluish-green to olive-green. Limbs are brown dorsally with many olive green spots. Ventrally, the limbs are yellowish with some black-gray. There are distinct black crossbars on the forelimbs, thigh, tibia, and tarsus. Toe webbing is spotted brown. The upper part of the iris is yellow with some brown spots, while the lower half is dark brown (Liu et al. 2000). The tadpole has a large (about 2/3 of the belly), well-defined abdominal sucker, as is characteristic of Amolops larvae. Tadpoles measure about 36 mm in total length at stage 31 and 63 mm at stage 36. Eyes are small and directed dorsally, with a group of postorbital glands present on each side. The snout is rounded, with the nostrils located slightly closer to the eye than the tip of the snout. The spiracle is on the left. There is a ventral oral disc, with an expanded lower lip and a single row of marginal papillae that has a broad gap anteriorly, as well as submarginal papillae in a single lateral row on either side. The beaks are keratinized and undivided, with the upper beak curved and the lower beak V-shaped. Denticles are present in two undivided rows, with the denticle formula being III: 4 + 4/1 + 1:II. The tail has visibly segmented musculature, convex dorsal and ventral fins, with the dorsal fin wider, and ends in a sharp point. In addition to the postorbital glands, scattered dorsal glands are present, and on the posterior of the belly, two groups of ventral glands can be seen (Liu et al. 2000). In preservative, the larval color is brown with dark patches (Liu et al. 2000).The specific epithet bellulus is from the Latin adjective meaning beautiful.This species is sympatric with Amolops viridimaculatus, Megophrys minor, Rana arnoldi and Torrentophryne tuberospinia.

It has been found Pianma Township, Lushui County, in Yunnan Province near the Myanmar border, at an elevation of 1540 m. It was found in mountain brooks on the western slope of Mt. Gaoligong (Liu et al. 2000). Amolops bellulus may also be synonymous with Amolops gerbillus, which is known from a single specimen in northern Myanmar on the Myanmar-China border, at 1,620 m above sea level. (Smith 1940; IUCN 2006).

The locality within China falls within the Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve (IUCN 2006). This species depends on clear, clean water, since it is restricted to mountain brooks, so degradation of stream habitat would pose a threat (Liu et al. 2000).

This frog is a stream-breeding species, hiding underwater by day and visible on large rocks within small streams by night. The tadpole's abdominal sucker and the enlarged finger and toe discs of the adult indicate adaptation to a torrential environment. Males lack vocal sacs (Liu et al. 2000).

Amolops bellulus, the Pianma torrent frog, was given its specific epithet, bellulus, in reference to its beautiful coloration (bellulus derives from Latin for beautiful).Slender in form, Pianma torrent frogs have a sandy beige back with green and brown mottling, and brown limbs with green spotting and black crossbars.Their throat and belly are yellowish, and their iris gold on top, brown below. Males reach 50.1 mm in snout vent length and females 63.6 mm (Liu et al. 2000).

The Pianma torrent frog was recently described (along with tadpoles) from specimens collected on a 1998 field survey to the western slope of Mt. Gaoligong, at Pianma Township, Yunnan, China, 1620 m above sea level (Liu et al. 2000). It has not been reported from any other location since.However, an expedition mounted by Mr. Ronald Kaulback in 1938 collected specimens at an altitude of 1540 m asl in Pangnamdim, upper Myanmar that, while originally identified as Amalops gerbillus (Smith 1940), are now recognized as A. bellulus (Datong et al. 2004; Lui and Whittaker 2008).This record expands the distribution of this species into Myanmar, where Smith (1940) recorded them as common at the time.Now listed as data deficient by the IUCN, no recent information is known about the extent or abundance of this species.Lui and Whittaker (2008) suggest that it may occur more widely than known by sampling, especially in the regions between the Pangnamdim and Yunnan Province collections.

Restricted to fast-moving mountain streams, the Pianma torrent frog has large discs on fingers and toes adapted for hanging on in rushing waters and waterfalls.Like other Amalops species, its tadpoles also have a large abdominal sucker for this purpose.Adults remain hiding underwater during the day, but can be found at night lying on rocks near the water.Adults appear to jump quickly back into the water when startled (Liu et al. 2000).

Amolops bellulus és una espècie de granota que viu a la República Popular de la Xina i Birmània.

Amolops bellulus (common name: Pianma torrent frog) is a species of frog in the family Ranidae that is endemic to the Gaoligong Mountains. It is only known from the area of its type locality in Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture in Yunnan, China, but it is expected to occur in the adjacent Myanmarian part of the mountains. Amolops bellulus lives in and near fast-flowing mountain streams. Its status is insufficiently known.

Amolops bellulus es una especie de anfibios anuros de la familia Ranidae.

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Amolops bellulus Amolops generoko animalia da. Anfibioen barruko Ranidae familian sailkatuta dago, Anura ordenan.

Amolops bellulus est une espèce d'amphibiens de la famille des Ranidae.

Amolops bellulus é uma espécie de anfíbio da família Ranidae.

Pode ser encontrada nos seguintes países: China e Myanmar.

Os seus habitats naturais são: regiões subtropicais ou tropicais húmidas de alta altitude e rios.

Amolops bellulus là một loài ếch trong họ Ranidae. Nó được tìm thấy ở Trung Quốc và Myanma. Các môi trường sống tự nhiên của chúng là rừng mây ẩm nhiệt đới và cận nhiệt đới và sông. Tình trạng bảo tồn của nó hiện chưa đủ thông tin.

Международное научное название

Amolops bellulus
Liu, Yang, Ferraris & Matsui, 2000

Синонимы Охранный статус
Систематика
на Викивидах
Поиск изображений
на Викискладе ITIS 664886NCBI 351701EOL 1019645

Amolops bellulus (лат., рус. каскадница красивая) — вид земноводных семейства настоящих лягушек (лат. Ranidae).

Описание

Тело и верхняя часть головы бежевые с зелёными и коричневыми пятнами. Задняя часть тела и бока́ от голубовато-зелёного до оливково-зелёного цвета. Горло и живот слегка желтоватые с серовато-коричневатым оттенком на горле и передней части грудной клетки. Бела полоса простирается вдоль челюсти и тянется от челюсти к плечу. Чёрная полоса идёт от вершины рыла, становясь серой в подмышечной области. Конечности бурые сверху с оливково-зелёными пятнами. В верхней части радужной оболочки глаза жёлтые с некоторыми коричневыми пятнами, в то время как нижняя часть тёмно-коричневая. На передних конечностях и голенях есть чёрные пятна. Все пальцы, кроме четвёртого, полностью перепончатые. Длина до 50,1 мм у самцов и до 63,6 мм у самок. У самцов хорошо развиты брачные мозоли. Вокальный мешок отсутствует. Головастики коричневые с тёмными пятнами.

Образ жизни и распространение

Встречается в Китая в горах провинции Юньнань на высоте свыше 1,5 км. Живёт в горных ручьях на западном склоне гор. Днём скрывается под водой.

Ссылки

• Amolops bellulus (англ.). AmphibiaWeb. Проверено 17 апреля 2012. Архивировано 16 мая 2012 года.

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Amolops bellulus (лат., рус. каскадница красивая) — вид земноводных семейства настоящих лягушек (лат. Ranidae).