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Echium pininana ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Vista de la planta

Echium pininana és una espècie de planta de la família de les Boraginàcies.

Descripció

És una espècie biennal (o fins i tot triennal) que mostra poc més que fulles durant el primer any, però que posteriorment produeix una densa espiga floral de 4 metres d'alçada (potencialment), que porta una massa densa de fulles i petites flors blaves. La planta mor després de la floració.

Distribució i hàbitat

És una planta indígena de La Palma, a les Illes Canàries, que ara es cultiva als jardins del Regne Unit i d'Irlanda. Creix al bosc de laurisilva al nord-est de l'illa, només en uns pocs llocs a uns 600 m sobre el nivell del mar; per exemple, al "Cubo de La Galga", el "Barranco de Los Tilos" i el "Monte de Barlovento". El seu hàbitat natural és la laurisilva, que ara està amenaçada per la pèrdua d'hàbitat.

Cultiu

És més vulnerable a les gelades en el seu primer any. A causa de les seves grans fulles quan ha crescut parcialment, també és molt susceptible al dany del vent. Per tant, una posició protegida al jardí és essencial.

Taxonomia

Echium pininana va ser descrita per Webb & Berthel., i publicada a la Histoire Naturelle des Îles Canaries 2(3): 44, l'any 1844.[1]

Etimologia

  • Echium: nom genèric que deriva del grec echium, que significa "escurçó", per la forma triangular de les llavors, les quals recorden vagament al cap d'un escurçó.
  • pininana: epítet que coincideix amb el nom vulgar de la planta, derivat probablement de "pi nan".[2]

Referències

  1. «Echium pininana». Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. [Consulta: 19 setembre 2013].
  2. Echium pininana a Flora de Canarias

Enllaços externs

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Echium pininana: Brief Summary ( Catalan; Valencian )

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Echium pininana és una espècie de planta de la família de les Boraginàcies.

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Gwiberlys mawr ( Welsh )

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Planhigyn blodeuol bychan yw Gwiberlys mawr sy'n enw gwrywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Boraginaceae. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Echium pininana a'r enw Saesneg yw Giant viper's-bugloss.[1]

Gweler hefyd

Cyfeiriadau

  1. Gerddi Kew; adalwyd 21 Ionawr 2015
Comin Wikimedia
Mae gan Gomin Wikimedia
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Gwiberlys mawr: Brief Summary ( Welsh )

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Planhigyn blodeuol bychan yw Gwiberlys mawr sy'n enw gwrywaidd. Mae'n perthyn i'r teulu Boraginaceae. Yr enw gwyddonol (Lladin) yw Echium pininana a'r enw Saesneg yw Giant viper's-bugloss.

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Echium pininana ( German )

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Echium pininana (Riesen-Natternkopf), span. Pininana, ist eine bis zu vier Meter hohe krautige Pflanze und eine der größten Echium-Arten. Sie war ursprünglich auf der Kanarischen Insel La Palma endemisch.

Merkmale

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Habitus

Die Pflanze bildet einen einzigen, bis zu 75 cm hohen, unverzweigten Stamm, auf dem die Blattrosette sitzt. Die Blätter sind eiförmig bis lanzettlich und werden bis 50 cm lang und 6–10 cm breit. Der Blütenstand wird bis zu 4 m hoch und ist durchblättert. Die Blüten sind bis zu 13 mm lang. Sie sind in der Regel blau bis blauviolett, seltener weiß mit blauen Adern.

Vorkommen und Verbreitung

Der Riesen-Natternkopf war ursprünglich endemisch auf der Kanaren-Insel La Palma. Er wächst dort in den Lorbeerwäldern im Nordosten der Insel an nur wenigen Standorten in etwa 600 m über Meereshöhe, z. B. Cubo de la Galga, Barranco des Los Tilos und Monte de Barlovento. Er ist dort selten. Inzwischen ist die Pflanze auch als Zierpflanze verbreitet. In wintermilden Regionen kann die Pflanze mit Nässeschutz sogar den Winter überleben. In Südengland z. B. ist die Pflanze vielerorts anzutreffen[1]. Temperaturen bis −4° sollen ihr nichts ausmachen[2], doch ist eine Überwinterung in einem hellen frostfreien Gewächshaus sicherer.

Die Art bevorzugt halbschattige, relativ trockene Standorte auf durchlässigem Boden im Lorbeerwald. Der Boden darf jedoch nie ganz austrocknen.[3] Die Art braucht bis zu vier Jahre, bis der Blütenstand ausgebildet wird. Nach der Blüte stirbt die Pflanze langsam ab und bildet reichlich Samen (meist mehrere hundert).

Gefährdung und Schutzmaßnahmen

Obwohl der Bestand dieser Art abnimmt, sind noch keinerlei konkrete Gefährdungssituationen bekannt. Diese Art ist in Spanien als besonders schützenswert eingestuft und kommt in verschiedenen Schutzgebieten vor[4].

Einzelnachweise

  1. [1]
  2. [2]
  3. Archivierte Kopie (Memento vom 11. Dezember 2008 im Internet Archive)
  4. Echium pininana in der Roten Liste gefährdeter Arten der IUCN 2013.2. Eingestellt von: Santos Guerra, A. & Reyes Betancort, J.A., 2011. Abgerufen am 17. Mai 2014.
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Echium pininana: Brief Summary ( German )

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Echium pininana (Riesen-Natternkopf), span. Pininana, ist eine bis zu vier Meter hohe krautige Pflanze und eine der größten Echium-Arten. Sie war ursprünglich auf der Kanarischen Insel La Palma endemisch.

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Echium pininana ( Albanian )

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Echium pininana Echium pininana
Echium pininana Seleksionimi shkencor Lloji: Bimë Dega: Magnoliophyta Klasa: Magnoliopsida Fisi: Boraginales Familja: Boraginaceae Grupi: Echium Echium acutifolium

Echium pininana ( lat. Echium pininana) është bimë e familjes Boraginaceae.

Shiko dhe këtë

Echium pininana në projektin Commons të Wikipedias

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Echium pininana: Brief Summary ( Albanian )

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Echium pininana ( lat. Echium pininana) është bimë e familjes Boraginaceae.

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E. pininana
Ushqerza

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E. pininana
Ushqerza

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Echium pininana

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Echium pininana, commonly known as the tree echium, pine echium, giant viper's-bugloss, or tower of jewels,[4][5] is a species of flowering plant in the borage family Boraginaceae. It is endemic to the Canary Islands, where it is restricted to the island of La Palma.[6] Echium pininana is an endangered species,[1] and is listed in Appendix I to, and is therefore protected under, the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats.[7] The specific epithet pininana is Latin for "small pine",[8] though E. pininana is neither closely related to the pine, nor does it resemble that plant.

Description

Lifecycle

Echium pininana is biennial or triennial,[9][10] meaning each plant lives for only two or three years respectively. It is a monocarpic species;[11] each plant flowers only once before dying.[12]

Morphology

In their first year, plants produce a rosette of lanceolate leaves approximately 7 cm (3 in) in length, with silver hairs.[5] Plants also produce a trunk 0.9–2.4 m (3–8 ft) tall in their first year,[13] which is covered with many lanceolate leaves.[14] In their second (or third) year, plants produce a cone-like inflorescence up to 4 m (13 ft) high with a dense mass of leaves and small blue flowers.[15][14] Between April and June, the flower spike can grow 5 cm (2 in) per day.[16] Flowers are funnel-shaped,[17] and each produce up to 1.4 μL of nectar, which is approximately 26% sugar.[18] Flowers at the bottom of the flower spike are first to open, with those at the top opening last.[19] Pollinators such as bees, butterflies, and moths are attracted to the flowers.[9] Following pollination, each flower produces four nutlets.[20] Each plant can produce over 200,000 seeds,[10] which are disbursed short distances by the wind.[20]

Phytochemistry

Various pyrrolizidine alkaloids, a class of toxic organic compounds that may cause liver damage,[21] have been isolated from Echium pininana.[22] The plant is toxic to horses.[9]

Phylogeny

Echium pininana, E. simplex, and E. wildpretii comprise a monophyletic clade.[23] All three of these Echium species are monocarpic, have a similar habit, similar floral morphology, and produce a dimethylated flavone not detected in other Echium species.[11][23]

Distribution and habitat

Echium pininana is endemic to the island of La Palma in the Canary Islands, where it grows in laurel forests.[4] It is endangered due to habitat loss caused by agriculture.[10] Outside La Palma, Echium pininana has been introduced to France, Great Britain, Ireland, New Zealand (both North and South Island), and the United States (north and central coast of California).[3][14][24] It is also in ex situ conservation; in fact, the ex situ conservation population is greater than the wild population.[25] It is conserved in botanical gardens such as Kew Gardens in London, where it has naturalised.[26]

Cultivation

Echium pininana is cultivated as a garden ornamental, and has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[5][27] It is used as a bedding plant or planted in borders, and grows best in full sun.[13] It is recommended for the southern maritime counties of England, the Channel Islands and the Scilly Isles. There are, however, reports of successful cultivation in the English Midlands[28] and Yorkshire,[29] albeit in favourable locations. Specimens are also grown in Dublin gardens at Howth and in the Irish National Botanic Gardens at Glasnevin. The plant also grows readily in North Wales where it seeds very widely. Although E. pininana is half-hardy in Britain and Ireland, it will self-seed to form clusters of plants, and it is suggested that by natural selection a hardier variety will emerge.[10] The plant is most vulnerable to frosts in its first year. Because of its large leaves when partly grown, it is also very susceptible to wind damage. Hence a sheltered garden position is essential. Echium pininana 'Alba' is a cultivar with white flowers.[30]

Notes

  1. ^ Echium pininana Webb & Berthel. is the preferred citation, although this species is also cited as Echium pininana Webb & Bernh., and Echium pininana Webb & Berth..[2]

References

  1. ^ a b Santos Guerra, A. & Reyes Betancort, J.A. (2011). "Echium pininana". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN. 2011: e.T165250A5996251. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-1.RLTS.T165250A5996251.en. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  2. ^ Tweddle, John (2004-03-29). "Echium pininana Webb & Berthel". Natural History Museum. The Trustees of The Natural History Museum, London. Archived from the original on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  3. ^ a b "Echium pininana Webb & Berthel". Plants of the World Online. Kew Science. Archived from the original on 2021-01-20. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  4. ^ a b Wilson, Matthew (4 March 2016). "Rocket plant takes off: how towering Echium pininana has spread". FT.com. Financial Times. Archived from the original on 2019-09-24. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
  5. ^ a b c "RHS Plantfinder - Echium pininata". Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  6. ^ Manuel Arechavaleta, S. Rodríguez, Nieves Zurita, A. García (Hrsg.): Lista de especies silvestres de Canarias. Hongos, plantas y animales terrestres (List of Forest Species of the Canary Islands). 2009. Gobierno de Canarias, p. 151 ISBN 978-84-89729-21-6
  7. ^ "Echium pininana - Webb. & Berth". eunis.eea.europa.eu. European Environment Agency. Archived from the original on 2014-04-22. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  8. ^ Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for Gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. ISBN 978-1845337315.
  9. ^ a b c "Echium pininana". BBC Gardeners' World Magazine. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  10. ^ a b c d "Increase Of Cold Hardiness Of Echium Pininana Through Natural Selection". December 1992. Archived from the original on 27 June 2009. Retrieved 22 May 2018.
  11. ^ a b Al-Shehbaz, Ihsan A. (1991). "The Genera of Boraginaceae in the Southeastern United States". Journal of the Arnold Arboretum. Supplementary Series. 1: 1–169. doi:10.5962/p.315943. ISSN 2472-8659. JSTOR 43782784.
  12. ^ "Definition of monocarpic". Lexico.com. Oxford University Press. 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
  13. ^ a b "Echium pininana 'Blue Steeple'". www.chicagobotanic.org. Chicago Botanic Garden. Archived from the original on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  14. ^ a b c Kelley, Ronald B. (2012). "Echium pininana, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.)". Jepson eFlora. Archived from the original on 2017-08-29. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  15. ^ Carlquist, Sherwin (1970). "Wood Anatomy of Echium (Boraginaceae)" (PDF). Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany. 7 (2) – via CORE.
  16. ^ Robinson, David (2003). "Plants that changed my life". The Horticulturist. 12 (4): 5–9. ISSN 0964-8992. JSTOR 45142512.
  17. ^ "BBC - Gardening: Plant Finder - Tree echium". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  18. ^ Valido, Alfredo; Dupont, Yoko L.; Olesen, Jens M. (2004). "Bird-Flower Interactions in the Macaronesian Islands". Journal of Biogeography. 31 (12): 1945–1953. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2004.01116.x. hdl:10261/63423. ISSN 0305-0270. JSTOR 3554673. S2CID 35788157.
  19. ^ Woodley, Millie (11 January 2021). "Plant of the month". Fulham Palace. Fulham Palace Trust. Archived from the original on 2021-01-11. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  20. ^ a b State of Victoria (Agriculture Victoria) (2020-08-18). "Giant Viper's-bugloss (Echium pininana)". vro.agriculture.vic.gov.au. Victoria State Government. Archived from the original on 2019-03-26. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  21. ^ "Definition of pyrrolizidine alkaloid". Lexico.com. Oxford University Press. 2020. Archived from the original on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  22. ^ Roeder, E.; Liu, K.; Bourauel, T. (1991-01-01). "Pyrrolizidine alkaloids from Echium pininana". Phytochemistry. 30 (9): 3107–3110. doi:10.1016/S0031-9422(00)98263-3. ISSN 0031-9422.
  23. ^ a b Bramwell, David (1973). "Studies in the genus Echium from Macaronesia" (PDF). Monographiae Biologicae Canarienses. 4: 71–82.
  24. ^ "Echium pininana Webb & Berthel". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2021-06-19.
  25. ^ Maunder, Mike; Higgens, Sarah (1998). "A Survey of Bern Convention Plant Taxa in European Botanic Gardens - initial findings and implications". Botanic Gardens Conservation News. 2 (10): 29–31. ISSN 0965-2582. JSTOR 24753901.
  26. ^ Verdcourt, B. (2009). Verdcourt, B. (ed.). "Additions to the Wild Fauna and Flora of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". Kew Bulletin. 64 (1): 183–194. doi:10.1007/s12225-008-9084-0. ISSN 0075-5974. JSTOR 20649641. S2CID 40246634.
  27. ^ "AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 35. Retrieved 24 January 2018.
  28. ^ Joe Edwards (2017-06-02). "Is this Cannock plant the tallest in the country?". Express & Star. Retrieved 2021-07-30.
  29. ^ Alan Mather (2020-05-25). "Giant Viper's bugloss, Tree Echium, Pine echium, Echium pininana. East Yorkshire, England, UK, GB. - Image ID: 2C3WKXP". www.alamy.com. Retrieved 2021-07-30.
  30. ^ Fallon, Fionnuala (2021-06-12). "Ten summer flowers to add height and energy to your garden". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on 2021-06-13. Retrieved 2021-06-19.

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Echium pininana: Brief Summary

provided by wikipedia EN

Echium pininana, commonly known as the tree echium, pine echium, giant viper's-bugloss, or tower of jewels, is a species of flowering plant in the borage family Boraginaceae. It is endemic to the Canary Islands, where it is restricted to the island of La Palma. Echium pininana is an endangered species, and is listed in Appendix I to, and is therefore protected under, the Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats. The specific epithet pininana is Latin for "small pine", though E. pininana is neither closely related to the pine, nor does it resemble that plant.

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Echium pininana ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Echium pininana Webb & Berthel., conocido como pininana, es una especie de planta arbustiva perenne efímera perteneciente a la familia Boraginaceae originaria de la Macaronesia.[2]

Descripción

 src=
Detalle de la inflorescencia.

Es una especie bienal que da unas llamativas agujas ahusadas de flores infundibuliformes azul lavanda, que se alzan hasta 3 m o más. Las hojas aparecen el primer año; las flores al siguiente en una espiga de flores que lleva una densa masa de hojas y pequeñas flores de color azul. La planta muere tras la floración.

Distribución y hábitat

Es una planta endémica de la isla de La Palma, en las islas CanariasEspaña―.

Crece en el bosque de laurisilva en el noreste de la isla, solo en unos pocos lugares a unos 600 m sobre el nivel del mar.

Taxonomía

Echium pininana fue descrita por Philip Barker Webb y Sabin Berthelot, y dada a conocer en Histoire Naturelle des Îles Canaries en 1844.[3]

Etimología

Echium: nombre genérico que deriva del griego echion, derivado de echis que significa víbora, por la forma triangular de las semillas que recuerda vagamente a la cabeza de una víbora.[4]

pininana: epíteto que hace referencia al nombre vernáculo de la planta, y que deriva probablemente de pino enano.[5]

Importancia económica y cultural

Posee valor como planta ornamental por su llamativa floración, siendo cultivada en jardines del Reino Unido e Irlanda.

Estado de conservación

Esta especie se encuentra amenazada por la pérdida de hábitat.

Nombres comunes

Se conoce en La Palma popularmente como pininana.[5]

Referencias

  1. Santos Guerra, A. & Reyes Betancort, J.A. (2011). «Echium pininana». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2011.1 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el 9 de abril de 2022.
  2. «Echium pininana Webb & Berthel.». Banco de Datos de Biodiversidad de Canarias. Consultado el 9 de abril de 2022.
  3. «Echium pininana Webb & Berthel., Hist. Nat. Iles Canaries (Phytogr.). iii. 44». International Plant Names Index (en inglés). The Royal Botanic Gardens, The Harvard University Herbaria and The Australian National Herbarium. Consultado el 9 de abril de 2022.
  4. «Nombres aceptados de Echium». Flora ibérica. Plantas vasculares de la Península Ibérica e Islas Baleares. Madrid: Real Jardín Botánico. Consultado el 9 de abril de 2022.
  5. a b Kunkel, Günther (1986). Diccionario botánico canario. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Edirca. ISBN 84-85438-46-9.

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Echium pininana: Brief Summary ( Spanish; Castilian )

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Echium pininana Webb & Berthel., conocido como pininana, es una especie de planta arbustiva perenne efímera perteneciente a la familia Boraginaceae originaria de la Macaronesia.​

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Echium pininana ( French )

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Echium pininana est une espèce de plantes de la famille des Boraginacées originaire des îles Canaries.

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Echium pininana ( Upper Sorbian )

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(Echium pininana) je rostlina ze swójby wódrakowych rostlinow (Boraginaceae).

Wopis

Echium pininana je dwulětna rostlina.

Łopjena so w prěnim lěće jewja.

Lěwanćikomódre kćenja su likojte, so w druhim lěće jewja a steja w 3 m wysokich kwětnistwach.

Stejnišćo

Rozšěrjenje

Rostlina je na La Palma domjaca.

Nóžki

  1. W internetowym słowniku: Natternkopf

Žórło

  • Botanica, Einjährige und mehrjährige Pflanzen, Über 2000 Pflanzenporträts, ISBN 978-3-8331-4469-1, strona 304 (němsce)

Eksterne wotkazy

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Echium pininana
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Echium pininana: Brief Summary ( Upper Sorbian )

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(Echium pininana) je rostlina ze swójby wódrakowych rostlinow (Boraginaceae).

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Echium pininana ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Echium pininana (ook wel bekend als reuzenslangenkruid, alhoewel die naam aan ook andere Echium-soorten gegeven wordt) is een tweejarige plant uit de ruwbladigenfamilie (Boraginaceae), die endemisch is voor het Canarisch eiland La Palma.

De plant kan tot vier meter hoog worden en is daarmee één van de grootste Echium-soorten. Het is een zeldzame soort van het Laurisilva, het oorspronkelijke laurierbos op de Canarische Eilanden.

Naamgeving en etymologie

  • Engels: Tree Echium, Pine echium, Giant Viper's bugloss
  • Duits: Riesen-Natternkopf
  • Spaans: Pininana

Over de herkomst van de botanische naam Echium is discussie, zie daarvoor het artikel over Echium.

Kenmerken

Echium pininana is een twee- of meerjarige plant, die in de eerste jaren een tot 75 cm hoge 'stam' ontwikkelt, met een bladrozet van tot 50 cm lange en tot 10 cm brede, ovale tot lancetvormige bladeren. In de praktijk kan deze ontwikkeling tot vier jaar duren.

In het laatste jaar ontstaat de taps toelopende bloemtros die tot 4 m hoog kan worden, met honderden tot 13 mm lange, buisvormige, blauwe tot lichtpaarse, zelden witte bloemen tussen lange, smalle schutbladen. De plant sterft af na de bloei, waarbij massaal zaden worden verspreid.

De plant bloeit in de zomermaanden.

Habitat en verspreiding

Echium pininana is zeldzaam en komt slechts lokaal voor op open, beschaduwde plaatsen in het Laurisilva (laurierbos) van het noordoosten van het eiland La Palma (Canarische Eilanden), rond 600 m hoogte. De bekendste vindplaatsen zijn Cubo de La Galga, de Barranco de Los Tilos en Monte de Barlovento. De soort wordt bedreigd door het verdwijnen van zijn natuurlijke habitat.

De plant is reeds kort naar zijn ontdekking meegenomen naar Groot-Brittannië en Ierland en daar uitgezaaid in botanische tuinen.

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Echium pininana: Brief Summary ( Dutch; Flemish )

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Echium pininana (ook wel bekend als reuzenslangenkruid, alhoewel die naam aan ook andere Echium-soorten gegeven wordt) is een tweejarige plant uit de ruwbladigenfamilie (Boraginaceae), die endemisch is voor het Canarisch eiland La Palma.

De plant kan tot vier meter hoog worden en is daarmee één van de grootste Echium-soorten. Het is een zeldzame soort van het Laurisilva, het oorspronkelijke laurierbos op de Canarische Eilanden.

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Echium pininana ( Vietnamese )

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Echium pininana là loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Mồ hôi. Loài này được Webb & Berthel. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1844.[1]

Chú thích

  1. ^ The Plant List (2010). Echium pininana. Truy cập ngày 11 tháng 6 năm 2013.

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Echium pininana: Brief Summary ( Vietnamese )

provided by wikipedia VI

Echium pininana là loài thực vật có hoa trong họ Mồ hôi. Loài này được Webb & Berthel. mô tả khoa học đầu tiên năm 1844.

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Синяк сосновый ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию
Латинское название Echium pininana Webb & Berthel.

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ITIS 835426 NCBI 113444 Международная Красная книга
Status iucn3.1 EN ru.svg
Вымирающие виды
IUCN 3.1 Endangered: 165250

Синя́к сосно́вый (лат. Echium pininana) — растение; вид рода Синяк семейства Бурачниковые (Boraginaceae).

Ботаническое описание

Синяк сосновый — дву- или трёхлетняя гигантская трава. Монокарпик. На первом году жизни появляются только листья, впоследствии — цветочная стрелка до 4 м высотой с плотной массой листьев и небольших синих цветов.

Распространение и экология

Эндемик. Произрастает только на острове Гран-Канария (Канарские острова), в искусственных условиях выращивается в садах Великобритании и Ирландии.

Растёт только в лавровых лесах — монтеверде — на базальтовых скалах.

Известен из трёх местонахождений к северо-востоку от города Лас-Пальмас. В 1972 году в одном местонахождении было найдено всего 2 взрослых экземпляра, а в 1 км от этого места — 35 экземпляров взрослых растений с сеянцами. Во втором местонахождении известно всего несколько экземпляров, а состояние третьего неизвестно.[1].

В связи с сокращением лавровых лесов — естественной среды обитания растения — существует опасность его вымирания. Растение очень декоративно, поэтому уничтожается при переносе молодых растений в сады.

Практическое использование

Рекомендуется для выращивания в южных морских районах Англии. Есть свидетельства успешного культивирования при благоприятных условиях в средней части Англии и Йоркшире. Некоторые экземпляры были выращены в дублинских садах и в Ирландском национальном ботаническом саду (Гласневин). Ведётся селекционная работа с целью получения более устойчивых форм.

Фотогалерея

  • Echium piniana1.jpg
  • Echium pininana01.jpg
  • Echium pininana02.jpg
  • Echium pininana.jpg

Примечания

  1. Белоусова Л.С., Денисова Л.В. Редкие растения мира. — М.: Лесная промышленность, 1983. — 344 с. (Проверено 4 марта 2010)
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Синяк сосновый: Brief Summary ( Russian )

provided by wikipedia русскую Википедию

Синя́к сосно́вый (лат. Echium pininana) — растение; вид рода Синяк семейства Бурачниковые (Boraginaceae).

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