Zygaena

Figures 61–72.Zygaena tamara and Z. tamara dailamica ssp. n., habitats, bionomics. 61. Treeless, high-mountain steppe habitat above Tamol (13.vii. 2010), dominated by cushions, thorny and spiny vegetation and grasses. 62. Copula of Zygaena tamara dailamica ssp. n. on Acantholimon cushion (Plumbaginaceae) (Gardaneh-ye Tondrokosh, 13.vii.2010); note the single red abdominal cingulum. 62. Zygaena tamara mahabadica, e.o., e.p. 29.v.2009; note the red abdominal cingulum over three segments. 64–68. Final instar larva (lateral, dorsal, ventral views) of Zygaena tamara dailamica ssp. n. (1.–12.V.2009, Gardaneh-ye Ambarkesh). 69. Comparison of fully-grown larvae of Zygaena tamara dailamica ssp. n. (above) from type-locality and Zygaena tamara mahabadica (Iran, Kurdestan, Baneh vic.) (below). 70. Cocoons with exuviae of Zygaena tamara dailamica ssp. n. 71. Cocoons with exuviae of Zygaena tamara mahabadica (Iran, Kurdestan, Baneh vic.). 72. Comparison of exuviae of Zygaena tamara dailamica ssp. n. (dark brown) from type-locality and Zygaena tamara mahabadica (Iran, Kurdestan, Baneh vic.) (light brown).

Nikon N8008S / Sigma 90mm/f2.8 / Fuji RVP Velvia

Figures 1–21.Zygaena speciosa speciosa Reiss, 1937. 1, 2. ♂, “Iran, Prov. Tehran, | Fasham NE, Gardaneh | Yonza S, 3200–3750| m, 19.7.2010, [41/10] | leg. A. Hofmann”. 3. ♀, same data. 4. ♂, “N. IRAN, Alborz Mts Prov. Mazandaran | Alam Koh, Hezar-chal | 36°21’N 50°59’E | 3700 m | 28 vii 1997 | leg. Naumann, Nr. 2376”. 5. ♂, red label, “Cotype ♂, suleimanicola Reiß 1937 [handwritten], H. Reiss”, white label, “Persia sept. | Elburs mts.c.s. | Tacht i Suleiman | Särdab Tal | (Hećerćam) | 4200 m 20.7.37 | E. Pfeiffer & W.Forster | München leg.”. 6. ♂, red label, “Cotype ♂, speciosa Reiß 1936 [handwritten], H. Reiss”, white label, “Persia s. | Elburs mts.s. | Tacht i Suleiman | Hecarčal-Tal | 28–3200m 3-7.VII 36 | E. Pfeiffer- München leg.”, white label, “2.2.1955 | von Güner | zum 40. Geb. | coll. A. Hofmann”. 7. ♀, “IRAN, Tehran | Tehran N, Kuh-e Tochal | S-Seite, 3600–3800 m | 3. u. 4.8.2005, [68/05] | T. & A. Hofmann leg. | ♀ legt Eier [handwritten]“. 8. ♀, “IRAN, Tehran | Tehran N, Kuh-e Tochal |3600–3800 m | 28.6.2006, [15/06] | T. & A. Hofmann leg. larva | e.p.: 12.7.2006“. 9. ♀, “IRAN, Tehran | Tehran N, Kuh-e Tochal | S-Seite, 3600–3800 m | 4.8.2006, [45/06] | A. Hofmann leg.“. 10–21. Zygaena speciosa oseyii ssp. n., 10. Holotype, ♂, (CAHO). 11, 12. Paratypes, ♂, “ Iran, Prov. Gilan | Kuh-e Samamus, Javaherdeh | 20 km SSW, 335 –3400 m |15.7.2006, [31/06] | A. Hofmann leg.“. 13–15. Paratypes, ♀, same data. 16, 17. ♂, “ Iran, Prov. | Mazandaran, Toneka- | bon SW, Gardaneh-ye | Tondrokosh (Zarout), | 3270–3350 m, 13.– | 14.7.2010, [38/10] | leg. A. Hofmann“. 18. ♀, “IRAN, Mazandaran | Tonekabon SW, Gardaneh-ye | Tondrokosh (Zarout), 3270– | 3350 m, 14.7. 2006, [29/06] | A. Hofmann & A. Naderi leg.“. 19. ♂, “ Iran, Prov. Qazvin | NE, Mo’allem Kalayeh | vic., Kuh-e Khash-Chal | 3390–3430 m | 15.7.2010, [39/10] | leg. A. Hofmann“. 20. ♂, same data, but 3550–3700 m. 21. ♀, same data. All specimen CAHO.

Figures 22–29.Zygaena speciosa oseyii ssp. n., habitats, bionomics. 22. Bolder scree habitat (foreground) near Gardaneh-ye Tondrokosh with view to type-locality (arrow) at Kuh-e Samamus around 20 km as the crow flies north-west. Note the clouds coming up from the Caspian Sea and reaching the northern slopes of the higher Alborz Mountain Chains. 23. Female moth nectaring on high-mountain composite Jurinella frigida (Boiss.) Wagenitz (Compositae) (Gardaneh-ye Tondrokosh, 14.VII.2010). 24. On Thymus sp. (Lamiaceae) (Gardaneh-ye Tondrokosh, 14.VII.2010). 25. Valeriana sisymbrifolia Kabath (Valerianaceae) was the only nectar plant noted at Kuh-e Khash-Chal, 3390–3700 m, 15.VII.2010. 26. Cushion zone at Gardaneh-ye Tondrokosh, habitat of Zygaena speciosa and a high-mountain population of Zygaena carniolica. 27. Foggy weather conditions during the flight period of Zygaena speciosa oseyii ssp. n. at its most eastern habitat at Kuh-e Khash-Chal, 3390–3700 m, 15.VII.2010. 28. Ovipositing female (arrow) on larval host-plant (Semenovia tragioides (Boiss.) Manden, Apiaceae) at Kuh-e Khash-Chal, 3390–3700 m, 15.VII.2010. 29. Cocoon with exuviae on the underside of limestone beside the flowering host-plant (Semenovia tragioides), Gardaneh-ye Tondrokosh, 14.VII.2010).

Figures 30–39.Diagnostic characters of male genitalia of Zygaena speciosa speciosa (30– 32, 36, 37) and Zygaena speciosa oseyii ssp. n. (33– 35, 38, 39). 30, 33. Uncus-tegumen complex. 31, 34. Lamina dorsalis. 32, 35. Lamina ventralis. 36, 38. Valva with vinculum and saccus. 37, 39. Phallus (Aedoeagus sensu Alberti, 1958) with cornuti.

Figures 40–60.Zygaena tamara. 40–42. Zygaena tamara zuleiqa Naumann & Naumann, 1980. 40. ♂, “Hakkāri | 1300–2100 m | (Hakkāri )- Turquie | 11 aoūt 1992 | Bernard MOLLET”. 41. ♂, “Türkei, SE Hakkari, Čilo | Dağ, Dez-Tal, 1800– | 2500 m, 15. VII. 2002 | leg. ten Hagen”. 42. ♀, same data. 43–45. Zygaena tamara mahabadica Reiss, 1978. 43, 44. ♂, “IRAN, Kurdestan | Sanandaj NW, Saqqez - | Baneh (pass) 1950– 2100 m | 5.7.2005 [51/05] | A. Hofmann & B. Mollet leg.”. 45. ♀, same data. 46 –48. Zygaena tamara fahima Naumann & Naumann, 1980. 46, 47. ♂, “Iran | Prov. Esfahan, Ferey- | dun Shahr S, Sibak SE | Kuh-e Sibak, 2700–3000 | m, 13.6. 2010, [23/10] | leg. A. Hofmann”. 48. ♀, same data. 49–54. Zygaena tamara kendevanica Tremewan, 1977. 49. ♂, “IRAN | Zanjan- | Gilvan | 1, Paß ca. 1 km N | Garovol Dag | 2400–2500 m | 3.–4.7.1999 | A. Hofmann & J.U. Meineke leg.”. 50, 51. ♂, “IRAN F1, e.o. | Zanjan-Gilvan | Gargovol Dag, 1, Paß, ca. 1 km N | des Passes, 2400–2500 m e.p.: | 23.4.–3.5.2002 | A. Hofmann cult.”. 52 – 57. ♀, same data. 55–60. Zygaena tamara dailamica ssp. n.. 55. Holotype, ♂, “IRAN, Qazvin | Hir NE, Gardaneh-ye | Ambarkesh, N-Seite, 2780– | 2900 m, 13.7. 2006, [16/06] | A. Hofmann & A. Naderi leg.”. 56. Paratype, ♂, “IRAN, Mazandaran | Tonekabon SW, Tamol vic. | 2250–2400 m | 14.7. 2006 [28/06], A. Hofmann & A. Naderi leg.”. 57. Paratype, ♀, same data. 58. Paratype, ♂, “IRAN e.o. | Prov. Qazvin Hir NE | Gardaneh-ye Ambarkesh | N-Seite, 2780–2900 m | [26/06], e.p.: 26.4. – 29.5.2007 | T. & A. Hofmann cult.”. 59. Paratype, ♀, “Iran, Prov. | Mazandaran Tone- | kabon SW, Tamol vic. | 2250–2400 m | 13.7. 2010 [37/10], leg. A. Hofmann ”. 60. Paratype, ♀, “IRAN e.o. | Prov. Mazandaran, | Tonekabon SW, Tamol vic. | 2300 m, [28/06] | e.p.: 15.–24.5.2008 | T. & A. Hofmann cult.”.

Ortved, Denmark

Ortved, Denmark

Ortved, Denmark

Ortved, Denmark

Ortved, Denmark

Høvblege, Møn, Danmark

Jordtorp, Öland, Sverige

Drastrup ved Aalborg, Danmark